At that time, it snowed heavily and piled more than ten feet on the ground. Visiting Luoyang personally, I saw people sweeping snow out of the house and begging. When Luoyang Ling came to Yuan An's door, he saw the road he couldn't walk, thought Yuan An was dead, and ordered people to get rid of the snow at the door. When I entered the room, I found Yuan An lying motionless. Luoyang asked, "Why don't you go out?" Yuan An replied: "It snows heavily and people are hungry, so it is not suitable to beg others." Luoyang made Yuan An a sage, so he chose him as filial piety.
2. The original translation of "Li" in classical Chinese;
Quli says, "Don't be disrespectful, don't ignore it, don't ignore it." An Minzai
You can't be long, you can't do whatever you want, you can't be complacent, and you are extremely happy.
Saints respect it, fear it and love it. Love knows its evil, hate its good. Product can be scattered, and can be moved. There is money, and there is trouble. Don't think about winning, don't think about scoring more points. Doubt is not qualitative, but straightforward.
Translation:
Qu Li said: A person with status must always have a word "respect" in his heart, look dignified, like a thoughtful look, speak calmly and make sense of every sentence. Only by doing these three things can people feel at ease!
Arrogance cannot be born, desire cannot be unrestrained, ambition cannot be complacent, and enjoyment cannot be excessive.
We should be close to, respect, fear and love those who are better than ourselves in morality and talent. For the person you love, you should not only know its advantages, but also know its disadvantages; For people you hate, you should know not only their shortcomings, but also their advantages. If you have savings, you should give them to the poor. Be prepared for danger in times of peace and be able to change the situation in time. In front of property, you can't get it; In the face of crisis, you can't escape. Haggle over every ounce, not seeking victory; Don't ask too much when distributing property. Don't pretend to know what you don't know. When you answer others what you already know, you should owe it to your teachers and friends, not as your own invention.
3. The classical Chinese translation of Song Lian's "Dou Mo": Dou Mo is a saint, formerly known as Xie, whose real name is a native of Feixiang, Guangping.
Young people love reading and are determined to win. Mongolian army cut gold and was captured silently.
At the same time, 30 people were arrested, all of them were killed, and only Dou Mo escaped home. His home was destroyed by the war, and his mother is still alive. When he was frightened, his mother and son were sick, and his mother died. He buried her with illness.
When he came back, he fled across the Yellow River and made a living by his mother's uncle Wu. Wang Dongweng betrothed his daughter to him to study medicine.
After that, he went to Cai Zhou, where he met the famous doctor Li Hao and taught him acupuncture techniques in Tongren. Jin Aizong moved the capital to Cai Zhou, fearing that soldiers would come here and attack De 'an.
Xie Xianzi, the magistrate of Xiaogan County, gave him Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao's Theory Book. After reading it, Dou acquiesced that his past reading was not learning, and the real learning began with this book. Yang Weizhong was ordered to recruit talents, so he returned to the north to live in seclusion in Daming, giving lectures and discussing with Yao Shu and Xu Heng day and night, even forgetting to eat and sleep.
Later, he returned to Feixiang and taught his students with Confucianism, making him famous all over the world. When sai-jo was in the palace before he ascended the throne, he was invited. Dou Mo could not live in seclusion.
The messenger asked his friend to meet him first, pretending to be a civilian, and then he was forced to do so. After arriving at the palace, sai-jo asked him how to govern the world, not to talk about the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members first.
He also said: "Emperor Wang Zhidao, if you are sincere and upright, then the court will dare to be unfair." Sai-jo asked questions three times a day, and his answers were all liked by the emperor.
From then on, double the preferential treatment and don't let him go. Sai-jo asked who is the wise man who manages the country today, silently recommended Yao Shu, and immediately asked the Central Committee to appoint him.
Soon, the prince of the State of Jin was ordered to learn from Dou Mo, gave him a jade belt hook, and said to him, "This belongs to the inner government of the State of Jin, and you are an old man, just suitable for wearing, so that my prince can see it as if he had seen me." After a long time, Mo asked Nan to return it. The court ordered Daming and Shunde's residence, and the government often sent clothes.
When sai-jo ascended the throne, he called Mo to the Imperial Capital and asked him, "Do I want someone like the Tang Dynasty?" Silently replied: "It is Xu Heng who dares to offend the emperor and remonstrate with him, but is resolute and unyielding. On foresight, people with prime minister ability should count the history. "
At this time, Tianze was appointed as the special envoy of Fu Xuan in Hannan, and immediately recalled him as the right prime minister, and Ren Mo gave lectures for Hanlin. At that time, Zhongshu Province had just been established, and Wang Wentong, a political official in Pingzhang, was highly valued. He wrote silently: I have served your majesty for more than ten years, and I have been asked by him many times and listened to his teachings. It can be seen that your majesty is eager to seek medical treatment, all for the benefit of people's livelihood and the stability of the country.
When the first emperor was in power, treacherous officials were in charge of all the wealth in the world, paying tribute to imported goods and showing off luxury in order to please the emperor. It is these people who secretly form cronies and alienate their flesh and blood.
If these people are in power, your majesty will not be able to realize his original intention of protecting the country and benefiting the people. Your majesty has been hoping to save the world for many years. Today, your majesty is willing to accept the will of the people and inherit the throne. People all over the world are rejoicing and eager for prosperity.
However, to govern the world well, we must use gentlemen. Those who talk about quick success and instant benefit will never be able to lay a solid foundation for the country and make long-term plans for future generations.
If you don't let diligent people realize their wishes, please those diligent people in order to win their favor. Such people are trying to figure out the emperor's mind regardless of their advance and retreat, and are trying to impress the people with their interests. Their purpose is nothing more than to exclude sages and monopolize political power. Su Qin and Zhang Yi in the Warring States Period. I hope your majesty can find out.
I still hope that your majesty will choose a fair and well-informed person and entrust him with a heavy responsibility. This is the greatest luck of the people all over the world. One day, Dou Mo, Wang E and Yao Shu reprimanded Wang Wentong in front of the emperor and said, "This man is not academically correct, and he will harm the world for a long time."
Sai-jo asked, "Who can be the phase?" Dou Mo said: "In my opinion, only Xu Heng." Sai-jo is unhappy.
Wang Wentong was very jealous of Dou Mo and made him a prince teacher. He declined politely and said, "The status of the prince has not yet been established, so I dare not be named a teacher first."
Therefore, he was appointed as an assistant lecturer of Hanlin Bachelor. See Xu Hengchuan for details. Silently claimed to be sick and asked to go home.
Soon after, Wang Wentong was executed. Sai-jo recalled Dou Mo's words and said to the ministers around him, "In the past, only Dou Hanqing said that Wang Wentong was not available. If there are one or two things that say this, will I not consider it? " Recall Doumo, build a boutique house in the capital, and order the government to provide a monthly salary. Of course, the National Government will ask for his advice.
Mo and Wang Pan invited the construction of two Hanlin academies: one specialized in Mongolian characters and was in charge of state affairs with the charm of Hanlin bachelor; Secondly, Hanlin and the National History Institute still compile national history, take charge of imperial edicts and serve as advisers to the emperor, presided over by Hanlin bachelor He Lihuo Sun, and he is also in charge of Juzhu. Sai-jo agreed to do so.
Mo also said: "The customs of the three generations are clean and honest, and the reason why the national movement is prosperous is because schools are set up to train talents. Today, schools should be built, teachers should be hired, and aristocratic children should be widely selected for education as the basis for establishing good customs. "
Sai-jo adopted it. Before serving the emperor with Liu, Yao Shu, Shang Ting, Mo said silently, "If you are wrong, I should say it, agree or disagree, which has been advocated since ancient times.
This is not the case today. If you say yes, I think so. If you say no, I will say no. This is not a good political style. "The next day, a hunter who served sai-jo lost a stork, and sai-jo was furious. A courtier also said that this person should be punished.
Sai-jo hated the courtiers' pandering and ordered him to be beaten with a stick, but the hunter didn't ask for it. After retiring from the DPRK, Bing Zhong and others congratulated Dou Mo: "Unless the people really treat the emperor, how can the emperor be so sober?" In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, the year of silence was eighty, and all the officials came to celebrate their birthdays.
Sai-jo said with great emotion, "If only such a talented person could ask God to make him a few years younger and let them stay with me to rule the world. It's a pity that he is old now! " Because Mo was too old to take office, Sai-jo sent eunuchs to send treasures and various utensils to express his condolences.
In the seventeenth year of Zhiyuan (1280), he graduated from Zhao Jia Cultural Museum at the age of eighty-five. The sai-jo was deeply saddened and gave him funeral expenses. The Crown Prince also gave him two thousand yuan for funeral expenses and ordered someone to escort him back to the fat country.
Mo is optimistic. He never comments on others at ordinary times and gets along well with others. When talking about state affairs, the two men argued face to face, and people said that Ji An could not surpass him in the Western Han Dynasty.
Sai-jo once said to the courtiers, "I have been thirsty for sages for 30 years, and I only got Dou Hanqing and Li Junmin." He added: "If you combine Dou Hanqing's heart with Yao Gongmao's talent, you can really be said to be a complete person."
Later, he made a ceremony to a surname, conferred the title of Wang Wei, and gave him the title of "Zheng Wen".
4. Zigong official translation of classical Chinese Zigong
original text
In the first month of the fifteenth year of Lu, Zhu Yingong (1) came to North Korea to observe Zigong. The jade of the scorpion is high and can be raised; Men are inferior to jade, and they are condescending. Zi Gong said, "From the point of view of courtesy, you are both dead. Husband ceremony, the body of life and death, also: will be left and right, spin, advance and retreat, pitch, so take it; Chao, si, mourning and glory, so just watch. In the first month of this year, the DPRK was not too much, and my heart died. How can a good thing last? High-spirited and arrogant; Humble, for also. Arrogance is near chaos, replacing near illness. If you are the king, you must die first? " May the public pray. Confucius said, "If you are unlucky, you can talk a lot!"
To annotate ...
① Yin Gong: Yin Gong is a small country to which Lu belongs, so it is located in Zou County, Shandong Province and has a good reputation.
(2) Holding jade: When the princes meet each other in the week, they hold jade or salute it.
3 you: the death of a vassal is called you.
translate
In the first month of the fifteenth year of Lu, the public (the Lord of the country, a descendant of Zhuan Xu) came to the DPRK, and Zi Gong was watching the ceremony. When Zhu Yin-kung gave Baoyu as a gift to a man, he was cocky and strangely arrogant. Ding Gong bowed his head and accepted it with great humility. Zi Gong looked at it and said, "Judging from this courtship ceremony, both monarchs may die. Rites are the foundation of life and death. From everyone's every move, word and deed in daily life, to national sacrifices, funerals, and interviews between princes, we must follow etiquette. Now, on such an important event as the first month, the behavior of the two monarchs is out of line, which shows that their hearts are completely wrong. It is impolite to appear in court. How to maintain the country's longevity? Holding high is a sign of pride, humility is a harbinger of weakness, pride represents chaos, and weakness approaches disease. And Ding Gong is the master, maybe something will happen first? " In May, Ding Gong died, and Confucius said anxiously, "It's a pity that Zi Gong was right this time. I'm afraid it will make him a more talkative person."
5. Translation of Classical Chinese "Biography of Lv Meng"
Lv Meng Zi Qing, a native of Runan Pi Fu. When I was young, I went to the south and attached myself to my brother-in-law Deng Dang. Deng Dang, a general under Sun Ce, took part in many battles against the Shanyue minority regime. When Lv Meng was fifteen or sixteen, he secretly followed Deng Dang to fight. Deng was surprised when he found out, and loudly accused Lu Meng of letting him go back, but Lu Meng refused. After returning home, Deng Dang complained to Monroe's mother that she was very angry and wanted to punish Monroe. Monroe said: "The poor life and humble status are unbearable. If you are lucky enough to make contributions, you will get wealth and fame. Besides,' nothing ventured, nothing gained'. " Mother agreed with Monroe sadly and helplessly.
When Lu Su was temporarily acting for Zhou Yu, Deng Dang went to Lukou to pass by the garrison. At that time, Lu Su looked down on Monroe. It is rumored that Lu Su once said to Deng Dang: "General Monroe's fame is increasing day by day, and he can no longer be treated with his previous eyes. You should pay attention to this matter. " Lu Su immediately went to visit Monroe. After drinking, Monroe asked Lu Su, "You shoulder the heavy responsibility of resisting Guan Yu's army. What methods are you going to use to deal with the sudden attack? " Lu Su said flatly, "It's just a temporary solution." Lv Meng said: "Now Wu Dong and Xishu are a temporary alliance. After all, Guan Yu is a threat to us. How can you not make plans in advance? " So I thought of five ways to deal with this problem for Lu Su. Admired and grateful, Lu Su crossed the dining table, sat beside Monroe, put his hand on Monroe's back and said kindly, "Monroe, I didn't know your talents and strategies had reached such a position!"
6. Translating Classical Chinese into Vernacular Chinese When Li Mian buried Jin Tianbao (during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), a scholar lived in Songzhou.
At that time, Li Mian was young and poor, and lived in a shop with a scholar. Before long, the scholar became ill and could not be cured.
Before he died, the scholar told Li Mian, "My family lives in Hongzhou, and I'm going to Beidu (now Taiyuan) for an official position. If I get sick here, I will die. This is my destiny. " With that, he took out two hundred and twenty pieces of gold from his pocket and gave it to Li Mian, saying, "My servant doesn't know about this. Please take care of my funeral and give you the rest."
Li Mian promised to take care of the funeral, and the rest of the gold was buried in the tomb with the scholar. A few years later, Li Mian became a county commandant in Kaifeng.
The scholar's brother took the certificate issued by Hongzhou Prefecture and inquired about the scholar's itinerary and accommodation along the way. When he arrived in Songzhou, he knew that this was Li Mian's funeral for the scholar, so he went to Kaifeng to meet him and asked him about the whereabouts of the gold. Li Mian asked his superiors for leave to go to the cemetery and dug up the gold and gave it to them.
7. Classical Chinese translation of the original text
Kong Wenju went to Los Angeles with his father when he was ten years old. At that time, Li Yuanli was famous as a captain in Li Si. All the people who enter the door are handsome and talented. Their name is Qi Naitong, and they are their middle cousins. Wen Ju reached the door and said to the official, "I am a relative of Li Fu." Yes, sit in the front. Li Yuan asked, "What is your relationship with your servant?" Right: "Zhong Ni, the former monarch, and Boyang, the monarch, are respected by teachers, and the servants communicate well with you." Ethan and his guests are very strange. Dr. Chen Wei, who is too heavy, arrived, and people said in his own words, "It's time, but it's not necessarily good to be older." Wen Ju said, "If you want to be a gentleman, you must be a gentleman first." This is a big deal.
Time is running out, but it may not be good.
When Kong Rong was ten years old, he followed his father to Luoyang. At that time, Li Yuanli was very famous. He was a captain in Li Si. People who go to his house are people with outstanding intelligence, people with high reputation and their relatives. Kong Rong went to his door and said to the people below, "I am a relative of Li Fujun." I've already notified. Let's sit down. Li Yuanli asked, "What is your relationship with me?" Kong Rong replied, "In the past, my ancestor Zhong Ni learned from your ancestor Bo Yang, so you and I are friendly relatives from generation to generation." Li Yuanli and his guests were surprised at his words. Yang Chen, the doctor of Tai Zhong, arrived later, and others told him what Kong Rong had said. Yang Chen said: "I was smart when I was young, but I may not be very talented when I grow up." Kong Rong said, "I guess you must have been smart when you were a child." Yang Chen felt very uneasy.
Later, people quoted two sentences from this story and introduced "the hour is up" into idioms, which showed that children were born smart and knew a lot from an early age. However, because there is a saying below that "big is not necessarily good", the meaning of this idiom becomes: Although you are smart when you are young, you may not be able to become a useful person when you grow up.
So although it is a compliment on the surface, it is a sneer and contempt in the bones. Therefore, when we use it, we should not praise others, otherwise it will be misunderstood that you have a heart of mocking and despising others.
A child's innate intelligence is naturally good, but without acquired training and hard work, it will become useless; Many people rely on their natural intelligence and refuse to study hard. They will be mistaken for smart and become the most useless people when they grow up.
8. Lin Qinnan translated the classical Chinese "Xiaolianshu" (1) When he was six or seven years old, he studied under the teacher. The teacher is poor, and cooking is not a meal. Anxious to return, such as Lin, came home with socks and rice, and failed the teacher. The teacher was very angry and said that he stole it, but he refused to accept it. Lin went back and told his mother that her mother smiled and said, "If your heart is solid and kind, is this a gift for repairing ③?" That is, the school that calls for 4 meters 1 stone, teachers are subject to it.
【 Note 】 ① Lin Qinnan Xiaolianshu (shū): Lin Shu, a native of Qinnan County (now Fuzhou), Fujian Province. Modern writers are famous for translating foreign novels. Filial piety is the title of juren in Ming and Qing Dynasties. 2 urgency: hurry. (3) Shu Xiu: This refers to ten pieces of dried meat. Later, it generally refers to gifts given by students to teachers or relatives and friends. 4 Call for preparation: Call for preparation. ⑤ ⑤ (j⑤): carry.
translate
Lin Shu, a native of Min County (now Fuzhou, Fujian Province), studied with his teacher at the age of six or seven. The teacher is very poor and has no food for cooking. After Lin Shu knew it, he hurried home, wrapped the rice in socks, packed it up and handed it to the teacher on his back. The teacher was furious and said he stole it, but refused to accept it. Uncle Lin told his mother when he came back, and her mother smiled and said, "Although your intention is good, is it polite for students to give gifts to their teachers like this?" Immediately let people prepare, Lin Shu took a stone of rice to the private school, and the teacher accepted it.