1, project communication mode
1) Formal and informal communication
(1) Formal communication is a way of information transmission and exchange through the channels designated by the project organization. Its advantages are good communication effect and strong binding force. The disadvantage is the slow communication speed.
(2) Informal communication refers to information transmission and exchange outside formal communication channels. The advantage of this kind of communication is that it is convenient and fast, and it can provide some information that is difficult to obtain in formal communication. The disadvantage is that it is easy to be distorted.
2) upward communication, downward communication and parallel communication.
(1) communicate upward. Upward communication means that subordinates reflect their opinions to their superiors, that is, bottom-up communication.
(2) downward communication. Downward communication refers to the top-down information communication between leaders and employees.
(3) Parallel communication. Parallel communication refers to the information exchange between parallel departments in an organization. In the process of project implementation, contradictions and conflicts between departments can often be seen. Among other factors, the lack of ventilation between departments is one of the important reasons. Ensuring smooth communication channels between parallel departments is an important measure to reduce conflicts between departments.
3) One-way communication and two-way communication
(1) one-way communication. One-way communication means that the state between the sender and the receiver remains unchanged (one-way transmission), one party only sends information, and the other party only accepts information. This way of information transmission is fast, but the accuracy is poor, and sometimes it is easy for the receiver to resist.
(2) Two-way communication. In two-way communication, the positions of the sender and the receiver are constantly exchanged, and the sender faces the receiver in the attitude of negotiation and discussion. After the information is sent, listen to the feedback in time. If necessary, the two sides can discuss it repeatedly until the two sides are clearly satisfied, such as talking and talking. Its advantages are the high accuracy of communication information, the opportunity for the receiver to give feedback, a sense of equality and participation, increased self-confidence and sense of responsibility, and help to build the feelings of both sides.
4) written communication and oral communication
5) verbal communication and body language communication
2. Improve and improve the methods of project communication management
The effectiveness of communication mainly depends on the state and degree of the sender's attitude towards the receiver. The success of interpersonal communication depends on whether the information provided by the leader (sender) to the subordinates is consistent with the meaning obtained by the subordinates through understanding. In order to increase the possibility of successful communication, it is necessary to ensure the maximum consistency between the information (instructions) provided by the leader (sender) and the information (instructions) understood by the subordinates (receivers).
1) Ways to improve effective communication
(1) Pay attention to two-way communication, and accompany the feedback process, so that the sender can know how the information is understood in practice in time, and the receiver can express difficulties when accepting it, so as to get help and solution.
(2) The use of various communication channels A project organization is often a comprehensive use of various communication methods. Only in this way can the overall effect of communication be improved.
(3) Correct use of written language.
2) Improve effective communication methods.
(1) Clarify the concept before communication. Managers should systematically think, analyze and clarify the communication information in advance, and consider the recipients and those who may be affected by communication.
(2) Only exchange necessary information.
(3) To clarify the purpose of communication, managers must find out what is the real purpose of this communication? What do you want your subordinates to understand? The communication goal is clear and the communication content is easy to plan.
(4) When communicating, consider all environmental conditions, including communication background, social environment, human environment and past communication, so as to match the communication information with environmental conditions.
(5) When planning to spread the content, try to get the opinions of others.
(6) To use accurate expression, it is necessary to accurately express the manager's thoughts in words and non-words, so that the receiver can get the expected understanding from the language or non-language of communication.
(7) Tracking and feedback information, we must try to get feedback at the same time after information communication, in order to know whether subordinates really understand, whether they are willing to follow, and whether they have taken corresponding actions.
(8) communicate with words and deeds.
(9) Communication should focus not only on the present, but also on the future.
(10) Be a "good listener". Being a "good listener" can make each other speak clearly.
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