In Xuzhou, there are Xuzhou Seismic Station and Xinyi Seismic Station under the provincial administration. The Dahuangshan Seismic Station of Xuzhou Mining Group, the Seismic Station of Datun Coal and Electricity Company, the Woniushan Seismic Station of Xukuang and the Yi 'anshan Railway Station managed by the Municipal Seismological Bureau. Suining and Fengxian also have three deep-water observation and monitoring wells listed in the national earthquake monitoring wells. There are also earthquake macro observation stations all over the city, such as Xuzhou Zoo in Xuzhou Peng Zu Garden. At present, the main means of observing earthquake precursor information in China are: seismic survey, topographic change, ground stress, groundwater, geomagnetism, geoelectricity, gravity, animal habits and other macro anomalies. There are more than 30 sets of instruments in Xuzhou, and there are six means besides gravity and in-situ stress. Seismic stations work around the clock and have played a great role in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. After the Shandong 1983 1 1.7 Heze M5.9 earthquake and the Shandong 1.995 Cangshan M5.2 earthquake, Xuzhou Seismological Network measured the data in time and quickly reported the external earthquake elements to the municipal government, which made a contribution to stabilizing the people's hearts.
During the Wenchuan earthquake, Jiangsu Seismic Network captured and measured the first earthquake information in Sichuan.
mineral resources
Xuzhou is an important coal producing area in China and an electric power base in East China. It has more than 30 kinds of minerals such as coal, well salt, iron, titanium, marble and limestone, with large reserves and high grade. The proven reserves of coal are more than 3.9 billion tons, the predicted reserves are 6.9 billion tons, and the annual output is more than 25 million tons; Well salt reserves are 22 billion tons, with high grade, and the resource conditions for developing coal chemical industry and salt chemical industry are very superior; The proven reserves of potash mine are 2.2 billion tons, accounting for about1/5 of the domestic proven reserves; The annual production capacity of gypsum is 5 million tons, ranking first in East China. There is Datun Coal and Electricity (Group) Co., Ltd., a large state-owned enterprise affiliated to China China Coal Group Corporation. ..
Xuzhou is also a national grain and cotton production base, a production and processing export base of high-quality agricultural and sideline products, a demonstration area of straw raising livestock, a demonstration area of forestry science and technology development, and one of the five major vegetable producing areas. It is the hometown of ginkgo and apple in China, and one of the four plywood processing bases in China, with rich agricultural and sideline products resources.
[Edit this paragraph] History and culture
Xuzhou is the birthplace of Peng Zu culture and Han culture, and also the master of Xu culture.
Xuzhou, known as Pengcheng in ancient times, has a history of civilization of more than 5,000 years. The history of Xuzhou's city construction can be traced back to Pengguo, a master established during the Yao Emperor's reign more than 4,000 years ago. The name of Pengcheng appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, in 573 BC, and it was the earliest city in Jiangsu. Yu Xia divided the whole country into Kyushu, and Xuzhou was one of them. At that time, "Xuzhou" was just the name of a natural economic region, and Pengcheng became the central city of this region.
When Emperor Yao established the Kingdom of Shi Peng in Peng Zu, Pengcheng got its name. During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Da Peng was very powerful and was once one of the five tyrants. Peng Zu, the founder of Dapeng Kingdom, lived to be 800 years old and was the founder of cooking and qigong in China. Peng Zu has a great influence in history. He was highly praised by Confucius and regarded as one of the founders by Taoism. Peng Zu's diet regimen plays an important role in the formation and development of China culture in the future. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Pengcheng was the capital of Song, Xu and Chu. On the occasion of Qin and Han Dynasties, Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, established Pengcheng as its capital. Pengcheng is also the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei and the Western Jin Dynasty, which lasted for more than 500 years. Liu Bang, the cloth emperor who came out from here, unified the whole country and created a glorious Han Dynasty in history. During the Western Han Dynasty, Pengcheng was an important vassal state of Liu, Wang, Chu and Pengcheng. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao moved to Xuzhou to administer Pengcheng, formerly known as Xuzhou.
Xuzhou is also known as "the hometown of dragonflies for thousands of years, the hometown of a generation of emperors". More than 6000 years ago, the ancestors of Xuzhou lived and worked here. At the end of primitive society, Yao called Peng Zu a big country, and Xuzhou was called Pengcheng. Later, at the end of Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang was born in Fengxian and grew up in Pei County. Xuzhou has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. In modern wars, there are Xuzhou Battle in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and Huaihai Campaign in the War of Liberation.
Chinese culture
Xuzhou, the hometown of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, is also the place where he made his fortune. After Xiang Yu named Liu Bang as Hanwang in April 206 BC, after more than four years of Chu-Han War, Liu Bang held an emperor ceremony in Dingtao in June/kloc-0 BC and moved the capital to Chang 'an. At this time, the powerful Han Dynasty and the Western Roman Empire echoed each other and became the most powerful empire in the world at that time.
During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, there were thirteen kings of Chu and five kings of Pengcheng in Xuzhou, and there should be eighteen tombs. In fact, it's not only that. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, a Xiapi kingdom was enfeoffed in the present administrative area of Xuzhou, and four Xiapi kings were successively handed over.
Eighteen Han tombs in Xuzhou have been excavated, including the second generation Chu tombs in Beidongshan, the third generation Chu tombs in Lion Mountain, the fourth (fifth) generation Chu tombs in Tolanshan, the sixth generation Chu tombs in Guishan, the eighth generation Chu tombs in Dongdongshan and the Pengcheng tomb in Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty. The most representative Chu tombs in Xuzhou in the Western Han Dynasty are those in Beidongshan, Guishan and Shizishan. Take "fine", "strange" and "heroic" as the guide. Known as one of the three wonders of Xuzhou culture, the Lion Mountain Terracotta Warriors and Horses are not only numerous, but also varied, showing rich contents: more than ten kinds of official figures with sleeves, guards wearing weapons, braided figures with long instruments, pedal combat boots, military figures with crossbows and bows, etc. The Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are not only the artistic treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military center. It is of great value not only to the study of sculpture art in Han Dynasty, but also to the study of social life, funeral system and military system in Han Dynasty.
Cliff-cave tombs were popular in Xuzhou during the Western Han Dynasty, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the shape of tombs changed and stone tombs prevailed in the Han Dynasty. Han Dynasty stone reliefs are murals carved by Han people in graves and auditoriums. Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty occupy an important position in the art history of China. Xuzhou is one of the concentrated distribution places of Han Dynasty stone reliefs in China. At present, there are more than 700 Han Dynasty stone reliefs unearthed in Xuzhou, and there are more than 500 Han Dynasty stone reliefs in Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum. Han Xu Stone Relief, Suzhou Garden and Nanjing Six Dynasties Mausoleum are also called "Three Treasures of Jiangsu Cultural Relics".
There are many historical sites in the cultural landscape of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou, such as the circus stage, the Sishui Pavilion, the Bawang Building, the Gefengtai, the sword-drawing spring, the ovary temple and the tomb. Every scenic spot has a touching historical story, which reminds people of the smoke and clouds of the Chu-Han war.
Great names in history
Gupeng Xuzhou has a long history and outstanding people. The land of dragonflies is the hometown of generals. The brave are like the wind, and the counselors are like clouds; Literati, poet, artist. Countless; National heroes, revolutionary heroes, shine in history. There were several founding emperors in Xuzhou in past dynasties. In addition to Liu Bang, Song Wudi Liu Yu of the Southern Dynasties, Li Bian, a martyr of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Xiao Daocheng, the Qi Emperor of Nanpei County, Xiao Yan of Liang Wudi and Zhu Quanzhong, the great ancestor of Hou Liang, all came from Xuzhou.
The princes and princes in Xuzhou are even more endless. Liu's vassals were all over the Han Dynasty, so there is no need to elaborate. There are more than 20 people with different surnames who successfully fought alongside Liu Bang. Such as the tombs of Anguohou, Jiang Houzhou Bo, Yin HouGuan Ying, Xiao He, Cao Can, Zhou Chang, Fan Kuai and Xia Houying. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhao, a native of Pengcheng, was called the first counselor in Jiangdong. Liu Laozhi, a military commander in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Li Pan, the top scholar in the early Qing Dynasty, Li Jue, the prime minister of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, and Liu Yong, a famous figure in the history of China.
Xuzhou has also nurtured generations of literati and artists. Wei Meng, a satirical poet in Pengcheng in the early Han Dynasty, Liu An, the king of Huainan who presided over the compilation of Huai Nan Zi, Liu Xiang, the originator of China bibliography, and Liu Xin, the son of Liu Xiang, wrote China's first catalogue, while Zhang Daoling, the founder of Taoism in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Ling, one of the seven sages of bamboo forests in the Western Jin Dynasty, and Liu Yiqing in the Southern Dynasties compiled China's first notebook novel Shi Shuo Xin Yu and wrote China's first monograph on historical criticism. He wrote China's first political book, Zhengdian, and spent 23 spring and autumn periods in Xuzhou. He claimed to be a great poet in his hometown. Bai Juyi, one of the most important poets in the Tang Dynasty, was synonymous with Li Yu and lived in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Liu, the first person in China's couplets, Liu Lingxian, a talented woman in the Southern Dynasties who is known as "Liu Sanniang", and Zhang Zhupo, a literary critic in the early Qing Dynasty, were painters Wang He and Li Lan who won gold and silver medals at the Panama World Expo in 19 14 respectively. They were called "three wonders of poetry, painting and calligraphy" by educators in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
For thousands of years, there have been countless romantic figures and stars in Xuzhou, which is really indescribable. The following are just a few examples:
(1) Peng Zu
Xuzhou, called Pengcheng in ancient times, originated in Peng Zu. Peng Zu is a descendant of the Yellow Emperor. He is a famous birthday boy, who lived 800 years. Good at guiding health, diet and sexual qigong. Because he is good at cooking, he is called the originator of China cooking and the first chef in China. It is said that he cooked wild chicken soup (spicy soup) for Emperor Yao Feng Hou, thus establishing Da Peng State.
(2) Liu Bang
Xuzhou is the hometown of Han Gaozu, the first cloth emperor in China history. Liu Bang's birth is quite mythical. It is said that Han Gaozu's mother was pregnant at Yulong Bridge, and her pregnancy bridge is in Lianglou Village in the northeast of Fengxian County today. In order to avoid chaos, the young people of Emperor Gaozu moved to a place about three miles north of Peicheng. Therefore, there is a local saying that "Han and Liu Bang come forth in large numbers".
In the tenth year of Emperor Gaozu, Emperor Gaozu returned from the rebellion and passed through Pei County, where he hosted a banquet for his parents. 120 teenagers were also selected to form a choir to help sober up. When the wine was hot, Emperor Gaozu sang a song and wrote a poem: "The wind blows and clouds fly, the weaver girl returns to the sea, and the brave stay everywhere." The children also sang along. Song, high-impedance sword dance, very sad. I said to the elders in Pei County: Wanderers are homesick. Although I take Chang 'an as my capital, my soul will return to my hometown after a hundred years.
After Gaozu left Pei, Pei wanted to show the emperor's prestige. He hired a good craftsman to carve Song of the Big Wind on a stone, and built a platform 100 feet high, on which he erected a monument. According to legend, the tablet Song of the Big Wind was written by Cai Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty. After more than two thousand years of ups and downs, it has been passed down to this day.
After Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang made Chang 'an his capital in 202 BC, his father Feng Gong missed his hometown day and night and was often unhappy. Therefore, Liu Bang ordered Li Yi, the hometown of Qin State near Chang 'an, the capital of China (now Lintong District), to rebuild a new town for Feng Gong, the emperor's father, and to move some of his old friends to live here, which made him very happy. According to historical records, the construction of Xinfengcheng is exactly the same as that of Liu Bang's hometown Fengxian. Neighbors in Fengxian moved to new houses, and even chickens and dogs could find all kinds of portals, which was called "chickens and dogs know new things".
(3) Xiang Yu
Xiang Yu (232 BC-202 BC) was a native of Xia Xiang (now Suqian, Jiangsu). In 206 BC, Pengcheng, the capital, established its position as the overlord of the Western Chu State, dominating the world. In the Chu-Han War, the defeat killed him in Wujiang River.
(4) Liu Xiang
Liu Xiang (77- 6 BC) was a scholar, bibliographer and writer in the Western Han Dynasty. His real name was changed, and he was born in Pei Guofeng (now Fengxian County, Xuzhou), the grandson of Emperor Gaozu. The biography of Gu Liang in the Spring and Autumn Period. He reviewed the Royal Library and wrote China's earliest bibliography book Bielu. He wrote 33 pieces of ci and fu, including Nine Sighs, most of which have been lost. His other works, Biography of Hong Fan's Five Elements, New Preface, Shuoyuan and Biography of Lienv, still exist today. There is also The Five Classics Yi Tong, which is also very embarrassing. Liu Xiang compiled The Warring States Policy, and Liu Xiang named the book The Warring States Policy. At the same time, he also named the complicated and colorful historical life-the name of "Warring States" came from this, which is also an extra gain for Liu Xiang's editing and proofreading "Warring States Policy".
(5) Zhang Daoling
Zhang Daoling (date of birth and death unknown) was a famous religious leader and founder and leader of Taoism in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Real name is Ling. Pei Guofeng (now Fengxian County, Xuzhou) was born. He studied Taoism in the mountains, wrote 24 Taoist books, used water spells to cure diseases, and called his disciples to preach. By his teachings, there are five fights of rice, which is called "five fights of rice". After his death, Chen Heng, Sun Lu, etc. He is a world leader, called "Zhang Tianshi" by post-Taoism, and one of the four heavenly teachers in China mythology, whose Tao is also called "Stone Heaven".
(6) Li Yu
Li Yu (937-978), born in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), was originally named Zhong Yin. When Li Yu ascended the throne, the Southern Tang Dynasty was a vassal state of the Song Dynasty. In 975, Song Jun entered Jinling, captured the queen, and the Southern Tang Dynasty perished. Song dynasty. Song Taizu was considered disobedient. After taking the medicine given by Song Taizong, he died. Historically, she was called Li Houzhu, the Queen of Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Yu is a bad king in politics and a writer, poet and poet in literature. His main achievement is in poetry. Both he and his father Li Jing are good at poetry and calligraphy. His writing is good at expressing emotions with simple strokes, and feelings are real. Wang Guowei's "Ci Hua on Earth" was rated as absolutely beautiful. Early works mainly reflect court life, such as Sauvignon Blanc and Huanxisha. After he was captured, he made a great breakthrough compared with the previous period. Representative works include Yu Meiren, Broken Array, Waves of Sand, Meeting You Huan, etc.