With the birth of "Fuwa", the Olympic atmosphere in Beijing is getting stronger and stronger. A few days ago, Beijing listed a number of "Beijing 2008 Olympic Education Model Schools" to carry out "Olympic education" in primary and secondary schools, and decided that the senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination in Beijing in the next three years will "appropriately reflect the contents of Olympic education".
It is a good thing to carry out Olympic education and carry forward the Olympic spirit, but whether it should be linked with the senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination is another matter. The slogans of Beijing's Olympic bid are "People's Olympics" and "Green Olympics". Defenders of Beijing's ancient capital culture put forward an explanation about what is a "humanistic Olympics": leave humanity to the Olympics. Don't tear down all the old Beijing before 2008 for the meeting. This is not an alarmist. The few remaining hutongs and quadrangles in Beijing are still in a high-risk period and are still being demolished. But what this article discusses is another topic about "People's Olympics".
On February 8, last year, 65438 China Youth Daily reported that a few days ago, Sir matthew pinsent, a British rower who won the Olympic Games four times, visited a sports school in Beijing and was "deeply shocked" to see the coach physically punish the athletes. A boy's clearly visible red seal on his back shows that he has just been beaten by the coach, and other students have also told the story of the teacher beating people. But what shocked him most was that the vice-principal of the sports school borrowed an old saying from China, "No fight, no talent."
It is not difficult for us to understand from our own experience that the above-mentioned corporal punishment is common in school education and family education, and "don't beat the tools" is indeed a deep-rooted educational culture in China. Some rural parents have the greatest trust in their teachers, that is, they entrust their children to their teachers, treat them as their own children, fight if they want, and scold if they want. In the recent case, Hu Dingqi's father, a girl of 13 years old, won four champions and two runners-up in the Schumann Cup (Asia-Pacific region) International Youth Piano Competition not long ago. The educational experience advertised everywhere was that "400 slaps make a talented piano girl"! He confidently said that Lang Lang was also beaten out in this way. Although some parents and teachers sometimes find it difficult to get rid of the bad habit of beating their children, it is really incredible to openly advocate and spread the beating culture.
As far as physical training is concerned, I think it may not be the worst to punish occasionally. There is also a popular superstition in China called "hard training". But copying a word five times is learning, copying it twenty times is intensive training, and copying 100 times and 200 times is not only corporal punishment, but also torture and destruction to children. We can often see this unusual and ultra-high-intensity "devil training" in the media. It is characterized by ignoring the normal physiological, psychological and life needs of athletes and undermining any interest of athletes in sports.
Li Ting, the champion of tennis women's doubles in Athens Olympic Games, once left the team for two years to study in colleges and universities. During this period, she didn't touch tennis at all, or even saw tennis at all, and walked around the tennis court. Her resistance became an important opportunity, a self-repair, which made her achieve unprecedented good results after back in the game. Gao Min, the newly published autobiography of the diving queen, also talked about the mental crisis of diving. The monotonous mechanical high-intensity training and gold medal pressure made her go to the brink of suicide. There is no doubt that sports training itself is monotonous and boring, and competitive sports also has its cruel side; However, even in this fierce and cruel competition preparation, there is still a recognized reasonable bottom line. Athletes are also human beings, with their own personality, choices and rights, and the right to rest and entertainment; Young athletes are minors and are strictly protected by law.
Another manifestation of this problem is the tendency to pursue skills and difficulties indefinitely, which exists not only in gymnastics and other events, but also in acrobatics. A few years ago, some international organizations questioned that acrobatics was beyond the limits of human body, because watching acrobatics was aesthetic rather than risky. No matter gymnastics or acrobatics, in recent years, there are voices against unilaterally increasing the difficulty, and more emphasis is placed on coordination and beauty. First of all, it is out of humanitarian consideration for the health and safety of athletes.
In the final analysis, sports is not an end, gold medals are not an end, and the Olympic Games are not an end. If the "people's Olympics" is understood as "people-oriented sports", then there are indeed many places worthy of reflection. Please look at a set of data: the State Sports General Administration receives 5 billion yuan from the state every year, but only about 6.5438+0.8 million yuan is allocated to the mass sports department responsible for mass sports and national fitness, and the group department is dubbed the "poor sports department". Therefore, the "People's Olympics" in my mind should not only make athletes healthy and happy, but also serve people's health. It is necessary to build more basketball courts and football fields for teenagers and more playgrounds for primary and secondary schools, so that the tragedy of running like Qinyuan No.2 Middle School can really disappear.
New progress has been made in the construction of high-tech Olympics.
2003- 10-2 1 reading times: 83 times.
On the fifth day when the emblem of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games was released to the whole world, there was new good news. The Olympic Science and Technology (2008) Action Plan and the Olympic Science and Technology Committee jointly held a meeting in Beijing, announcing the launch of the "Top Ten Olympic Science and Technology Projects" and a number of key projects. This is another new progress made in the two years since the implementation of the high-tech Olympic Games, marking the beginning of a more pragmatic and larger-scale construction stage of the high-tech Olympic Games.
High-tech Olympics is the technical guarantee to realize "People's Olympics" and "Green Olympics". Doing a good job in the construction of high-tech Olympics is not only the responsibility and obligation entrusted by society to China's scientific and technological circles, but also a new topic put forward by history to China's scientific and technological circles, and it is also an important opportunity to enhance China's scientific and technological innovation ability and improve the level of scientific and technological services for economic and social development. As early as the month when the Olympic bid was successful, the scientific and technological circles took action. Led by the Ministry of Science and Technology and Beijing Municipality, the Ministry of Education, the Commission of Science and Technology for National Defense, the State Sports General Administration, the China Academy of Sciences, the China Academy of Engineering, the China Association for Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the China Meteorological Bureau, the Ministry of Information Industry and other departments 1 1 set up the "Olympic Science and Technology (2008) Action Plan" and began to promote the construction of a high-tech Olympics. After that, the Science and Technology Committee of the 29th Olympic Games (hereinafter referred to as the "Olympic Committee") was established with the members of the Action Plan as the main body and the Olympic Organizing Committee. "Olympic Science and Technology (2008) Action Plan" and the Olympic Science and Technology Committee are important organizations that unite national scientific and technological forces to directly intervene in Olympic construction, and provide an important platform and working mechanism for integrating national scientific and technological resources to build a high-tech Olympics. In the past two years, the scientific and technological circles have continuously promoted the construction of high-tech Olympics through the Olympic Science and Technology (2008) Action Plan and the Olympic Science and Technology Commission. They not only made strategic plans for the construction of high-tech Olympic Games in terms of information, safety, transportation, environmental protection, venues, energy, sports technology, etc. 10, but also kept close contact and cooperation with the technical department, environment department, sports service department and sports department of the Olympic Organizing Committee, and gathered a group of scientists to participate in the Olympic construction in different ways, such as consulting and participating in project bidding. Adhering to the concept of opening the Olympic Games, we will actively carry out international cooperation, extensively carry out Olympic scientific and technological cooperation with the European Union, the United States, Germany, Australia, France, Greece and other countries, integrate human wisdom, and strive to provide technical support for the best Olympic Games in Olympic history. Through exploration and practice, a good situation of all-round cooperation between the central and local governments, concentration of national scientific and technological resources and multi-level and multi-field cooperation has been formed.
"Science and technology help the Olympics, and the Olympics promote science and technology" is the concept of high-tech Olympics put forward by the scientific and technological circles. After two years of construction, the high-tech Olympics has gradually changed from concept to reality. On the basis of 60 high-tech Olympic events proposed in 200 1, the Ministry of Science and Technology will take the lead and all member units will cooperate. Starting from the first half of last year, we have compiled and organized the implementation plans of the top ten scientific and technological projects of the Olympic Games, such as Beijing Intelligent Transportation Planning and Implementation Research, Electric Vehicle Operation Demonstration, R&D and Industrialization Project. So far, the implementation plan of the top ten Olympic science and technology projects has been completed. The top ten projects have started 167, including 249 projects. In addition to the government's guiding investment, they also promoted a large number of social funds to invest in the high-tech Olympics, accounting for 59.5% of the total investment. Now, some projects that started ahead of schedule have achieved important phased results. In the first half of this year, all member units overcame the adverse effects caused by the SARS epidemic in April-May, and continued to promote the construction of a high-tech Olympic Games while actively fighting against SARS. After repeated communication with the Olympic Organizing Committee, they have successively launched projects such as "Wireless Mobile IPv6 Access Demonstration Network Technology Olympic Information System", "Olympic Virtual Museum Construction", "Semiconductor LED Large Screen Display and Olympic Lighting Project" and "Olympic Meteorological Support Technology Experiment and Research". The "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Projects of the Olympic Games" and the key scientific and technological projects of the Olympic Games were carefully selected after repeated research and demonstration, which concentrated the opinions of the scientific and technological circles, the Olympic Organizing Committee and other parties. These breakthroughs are key technologies in the Olympic construction, which are of great significance for ensuring the Olympic construction and improving Beijing's comprehensive environment. The implementation of these projects will not only ensure the realization of the concept of high-tech Olympics, but also take the opportunity of high-tech Olympics to improve China's ability to solve practical economic and social problems and promote China's leap-forward development in some major technical fields. (Development Planning Department of Municipal Science and Technology Commission)
I. Project background
In order to successfully host the 2008 Olympic Games, BOCOG put forward three concepts of "Green Olympics, High-tech Olympics and People's Olympics", among which "Green Olympics" is the first of the three concepts.
During the preparation for the Olympic Games, the host city of the Olympic Games, especially Beijing, will build, rebuild and expand a large number of Olympic venues and supporting facilities, so the Olympic project construction has become the Olympic activity with the largest investment and the most environmental problems involved in the Beijing Olympic Games. To this end, BOCOG Environmental Activities Department organized relevant departments, compiled a large number of targeted technical and management documents, put forward a series of special measures and suggestions, and "green Olympic standards" stricter than national standards. In addition, the China government has made many "green promises" to the international community when it bid for the 2008 Olympic Games. Of the more than 65,438+000 specific commitments, more than 40 are related to Olympic events.
According to the current national standards and regulations, all walks of life have established a relatively perfect supervision and management system, but for the green Olympics, the real supervision and management system has not yet been established. So far, there is still a big gap from the full realization of the promise of "green Olympics", and most of the green promises about Olympic projects in the Olympic bid report have not been really implemented.
To sum up, it is not only to complete the task of the municipal government, but also to ensure that the concept of green Olympics is fully implemented in Olympic projects to establish an environmental evaluation system for green Olympic projects and carry out effective evaluation work. Therefore, our institute has carried out a special study on the evaluation of green Olympics, which has provided effective technical support for the China government to hold an excellent Olympic Games.
Second, the project content
1. Compilation of rules related to green Olympics: To undertake the compilation of evaluation principles, evaluation rules, environmental evaluation guidelines for Olympic venues and catering research guidelines for Beijing Olympic Games.
According to the special commitment of the Olympic Games, the three concepts of "Green Olympics, High-tech Olympics and People's Olympics" put forward by the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games, and referring to the environmental management data of previous Olympic Games abroad, the evaluation principles of green Olympics were compiled. As a guiding document for overall assessment, it aims to put forward the objectives, functions and basic principles of Olympic environmental assessment and provide overall reference for Olympic environmental assessment activities.
With Beijing Academy of Environmental Protection as the lead unit, together with Beijing University of Technology, National Building Materials Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Landscape Science, Beijing Institute of Labor Protection and Beijing Institute of Environmental Sanitation Design Science, the Detailed Rules for the Evaluation of Green Olympic Project were compiled, which specifically involved seven key areas of the Olympic project: building energy conservation, green building materials, landscaping, noise prevention, water resources protection and rational utilization, waste treatment and utilization, and construction site pollution. In the actual environmental assessment, according to the standards in the Detailed Rules for the Assessment of Green Olympic Projects, the specific assessment methods are put forward and the technical route is adjusted.
Field evaluation of Peking University National Stadium
According to the Detailed Rules for the Evaluation of Green Olympic Projects, experts were organized to demonstrate and revise it many times, and the Guide for Environmental Assessment of Olympic Venues was compiled. At the same time, a large number of specific "requirements" put forward in the Guide to Environmental Assessment of Olympic Venues are refined into multiple forms, that is, the Olympic assessment questionnaire, so that all venue builders can fill in and implement the tasks in the Special Commitment and the Guide to Environmental Protection at Different Construction Stages of Olympic Projects.
I consulted a large number of domestic and foreign catering materials, learned the catering standards of developed countries and the successful experience of catering organizers in previous Olympic Games, and consulted relevant experts from Beijing Institute of Labor Protection, Beijing Institute of Environmental Hygiene Design and Beijing Institute of Environmental Protection, and compiled the Environmental Protection Guide for Catering Services in Beijing Olympic Games, and provided the corresponding English version. The Environmental Protection Guide for Catering Services of Beijing Olympic Games aims to realize the promise of "Green Olympics" and reduce the environmental impact during the construction and operation of catering enterprises.
2. Technical seminars: Participate in and organize various seminars on the release of new technologies and new products for the Green Olympics, and provide technical support for the Olympic Organizing Committee to adopt new technologies and new products.
Participated in the coordination meeting on the use of reclaimed water quality standards in the Olympic Park and Wukesong Cultural and Sports Center, and made a detailed report on the technical basis of reclaimed water quality standards in the Olympics (including environmental risks, development trend of reclaimed water, feasibility of Olympic standards, etc.). ), which provided technical support for the implementation of Olympic reclaimed water quality standards in the above two regions.
Participated in the seminar on the use of refrigerants in refrigeration equipment in Olympic venues, and conducted in-depth research on the refrigerant selection of large centrifugal cold water compressors and small split air conditioners in Olympic venues. At the meeting, the physical and chemical properties, energy efficiency level and application status at home and abroad of alternative refrigerants were analyzed, and their own opinions and suggestions were put forward.
In order to further determine the choice of refrigerants, five experts from the Foreign Affairs Office of the State Environmental Protection Administration, Beijing Academy of Environmental Sciences, Air Conditioning Institute of China Academy of Building Sciences, China Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association and Peking University Environment Institute and the person in charge of "Office 08" held an expert seminar to discuss the choice of refrigerants. The advantages and disadvantages of various refrigerants were discussed in depth, and all experts left written opinions.
Participated in the seminar on "swimming pool water treatment technology and utilization" organized by the Olympic Organizing Committee, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of swimming pool water treatment technology at the meeting, and put forward my own opinions.
Participated in the "rubber asphalt pavement materials and engineering technology exchange meeting" organized by the Olympic Organizing Committee, and discussed the economic benefits, environmental benefits and development prospects of rubber asphalt aggregate with relevant experts.
Organizing experts to discuss the highlights in the application of environmental protection technology in venues is not only an important part of Olympic construction, but also lays a solid foundation for the popularization and application of new technologies in the future.
3. Technical support for Olympic venues: provide environmental protection technical consultation for all stages of Olympic venues construction and spread the concept of green Olympics.
Provide technical support for specific environmental protection problems encountered by Olympic project construction units.
Organize relevant experts to investigate the construction dust and other problems in various construction sites, set up construction dust monitoring devices, and put forward rectification opinions on the dust problems existing in construction.
At the mobilization meeting for environmental assessment of Olympic venues hosted by "2008" Office, the Guide for Environmental Assessment of Olympic venues (including the questionnaire for Olympic assessment) was distributed to the owners of various venue construction units. Explain the method of filling in the form in detail. In the future, the construction unit will organize special personnel to answer the specific questions in filling in the form.
President Tian Gang spoke at the mobilization meeting of Olympic evaluation.
4. On-site evaluation: After receiving the "Olympic Evaluation Questionnaire" filled out by the Olympic venue construction party, organize experts to conduct on-site inspection and evaluation at the Olympic venue construction site. The specific evaluation steps are as follows:
Relevant experts carefully read the "Olympic evaluation questionnaire" filled out by the person in charge of the research project.
Call experts to the site for evaluation, listen to the instructions of the construction unit (including design, construction and supervision units) to fill in the Olympic evaluation questionnaire, and the experts will put forward suggestions for improvement.
Organize experts to inspect the site. Take photos to get first-hand information.
After the meeting, experts in building energy conservation, green building materials, landscaping, noise prevention, water resources protection and rational utilization, waste disposal and utilization, and pollution (mainly dust) control on the construction site will submit written evaluation opinions.
So far, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing Shooting Range and other 10 new venues have completed the first round of evaluation.
The bird's nest is placed in the monitoring facilities near the venue.
Third, the benefits of project implementation
1. Economic benefits
Through environmental assessment, we will strengthen and improve the strength and effect of implementing the concept of green Olympics in Olympic projects, so that the construction of Olympic venues will pay more attention to environmental protection, reduce the damage to the environment in design and construction, and save governance costs. At the same time, advocating the recycling of resources has promoted the sustainable development of Beijing and achieved a lot of economic benefits in the long run.
2. Social welfare
The implementation of this project has established a new image of China in the international community, so as to realize our government's solemn commitment to the "green Olympics" made by the international community. In addition, this activity strengthened social environmental awareness, encouraged the public to actively participate in environmental protection activities, improved our living environment, and conformed to the environmental protection trend of the international community today.
3. Environmental benefits
This project ensures that the environmental impact of Olympic projects, especially all kinds of newly built, rebuilt and expanded Olympic venues, is minimized in the process of design, construction and use. It has improved the environmental quality of the capital and provided good environmental conditions for the Olympic Games. In this Olympic evaluation, many "requirements" are higher than the current national standards, leading the development trend of national environmental protection norms; At the same time, many new products and technologies came into being, which left a rich environmental heritage for China and even the world, with great environmental benefits.