The origin of Maoshan Taoism: According to legend, in ancient times, Di Ku Gao Xin's performance was practiced in Fulongdi, Ququ Mountain (now Chen Yu, Maoshan Town), nearly 5,000 years ago; Guo Sichao, a native of Zhou Yanren, also practiced in Chen Yu Temple, and was later named Taiwei Baoguang. In the pre-Qin period, Li Ming lived in the ancient alchemy courtyard (now Gan Yuan Temple), and the Dan well still exists today. During the Han Dynasty, Mao Shi's three brothers (Mao Ying, Mao Gu and Mao Zhong) in Xianyang, Shaanxi, were doing good deeds at the foot of Ququ Mountain (Bo Palace this summer). In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Ge Hong, a native of Maoshan, practiced at Baopufeng in Maoshan and wrote Baopuzi, which is an important work of Taoist religious philosophy and primitive chemical alchemy. Ge Hong is a master of Taoism since Han and Wei Dynasties, and later called Dante School. His Inner Chapter of Bao Puzi constructed a relatively complete theoretical framework for immortal Taoism and prepared conditions for the maturity of Taoism in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
The Birth and Prosperity of Shangqing School: In the second year of Xingning in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (364), under the guidance of Taoist Wei and other immortals, Yang, Yang, Yang, Yang, Yang and others wrote The True Classics of the Great Cave in Shangqing (later revised by Wang Lingqi and spread to the world), and established a new Taoist school-Shangqing School in Maoshan. Tao Hongjing lived in seclusion in Maoshan for more than forty years. He collected Yang's handwriting and important teachings of other sects, compiled the Letters of Truth, the Secrets of Ascending Truth and the Map of True Spirit, which made the teachings, teaching methods and immortal genealogy of the Shangqing school more complete. Tao Hongjing is the main inheritor of Shangqing School. Because Maoshan is a mountain, it is also called Maoshan School or Maoshan School. Maoshan Taoism takes three brothers as the founders, respects Wei as the first generation of Taoist priests, and respects Yang as the first generation of Taoist priests. The Tang and Song Dynasties were the heyday of Maoshan Taoism, which was highly respected by the imperial court. The Li Dynasty claimed to be a descendant of Li Er, the founder of Taoism. Song Zhenzong also created a "heavenly book", which restored the myth of "the arrival of the holy father" in Taoism and consolidated the imperial power with theocracy. Song Huizong claimed to be "Emperor Daojun, the leader of this school". In Song Zhezong, Taoism is very famous. Taoists wrote letters directly to the emperor, who awarded them to him. The imperial court gave maoshan taoist a title, Tian Du, an inscription and a treasure, and built a palace temple, which grew to more than 250 places. Maoshan Taoism is spread all over the country and overseas. In the ninth year of Chunyou (1249), the imperial book "Shangqing Zongtan" written by Song Lizong was placed in the "Zongtan Temple" of Wanning Palace in Fuyuan.
"Three Mountains" Zuo Fu returned to the right: Song Lizong Jiaxi three years (1239), Zhang Keda, the thirty-fifth generation Shi Tian, in charge of the three mountains (Longhu Mountain, Maoshan Mountain and Gezao Mountain) Zuo Fu. In the Yuan Dynasty, Shi Tian, Shangqing, Lingbao and other Taoist schools, which were originally parallel to the south of the Yangtze River, gradually merged and merged into an orthodox school with Fuyong as the mainstay. Since then, Maoshan has become a Dojo dominated by the orthodox school, but its doctrine pedigree is still spread according to the Shangqing school.
The introduction and development of Quanzhen School: The northern Quanzhen School was introduced to Maoshan, and its historical records were recorded in Jiajing and Wanli periods of Ming Dynasty (1522~ 16 19). Yan Xiyan lived in Gan Yuan's field of vision and spread "Qiu Zufu's Ci School". At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Shen Changjing (No.Taihe), the seventh descendant of Longmen School, also lived in Maoshan in his later years. In the second year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1663), Changyue Wang, the seventh generation lawyer of Quanzhen Longmen School, led Zhan Shouchun and Shao Shoushan to give lectures in Maoshan. Da Zhongguang, the eighth founder of Quanzhen Longmen School and a scholar of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, retired from Gan Yuan's field of vision because of his difficult official career, calling himself Taoist sweeping leaves in Yu Gang.
Thanks to their promotion, the Longmen Sect in the whole town spread rapidly in Chen Yu Temple, Deyou Temple, Renyou Temple and Baiyun Temple. As a result, Maoshan formed a situation of "five views" and "three palaces" preaching truth, which lasted until 1949. The five views of Maoshan are all true, but the sects are slightly different. The views of Gan Yuan and Renyou spread the whole truth of Longmen and Yanzu, while the views of Baiyun, Chen Yu and Deyou spread the whole truth of Longmen.
The tortuous development of modern times;
1928, the National Government promulgated the Standard for the Preservation and Abolition of Shrine, which adopted a restrictive policy on Taoism, stipulating that Taoism was "not a good religion" and "should be abolished".
/kloc-in the winter of 0/937, the Japanese invaders invaded Jurong, rampaged through Maoshan, killed and set fire to Taoist temples, and blasphemed the gods. Twenty-two Taoist priests were killed and bloodied. Maoshan Taoism, which has a thousand years of orthodoxy, is on the verge of extinction.
1In June, 938, the New Fourth Army entered Maoshan and established an anti-Japanese base area in southern Jiangsu with Maoshan as the center. Taoists in Maoshan actively participated in the flood of anti-Japanese and national salvation. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Teng Ruizhi, abbot of Yiyun Taoist Academy in Wanfu Palace, Xiao Jiu, Bai Yuquan, academic supervisor, and Taoist Sun initiated and organized a Taoist reorganization meeting in damao mountain, Jiangsu Province to revive Maoshan Taoism.
1April 23, 949, Jintan was liberated. The administrative office in southern Jiangsu sent Zhang Yi to Maoshan to organize Taoist priests to study current affairs and politics and clarify the policy of freedom of religious belief. Three palaces and five views of Maoshan were merged into Maoshan Taoist temple.
1954, the Taoist priest was elected as the people's representative of Jurong County, and was elected as a member of the Jiangsu Provincial Political Consultative Conference in the same year. From 196 1, he was transferred to Beijing Chinese Taoist Association, and served as vice president, secretary general, president, member and standing committee member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. During the Cultural Revolution, Maoshan Taoist Temple experienced another catastrophe, with statues smashed, Taoist priests sent down, scriptures burned, and a large number of cultural relics and calligraphy lost. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the policy of freedom of religious belief was implemented, and Jiugong and Fu Yuan Palace were reopened.
1August, 1993, the concept of Gan Yuan was officially opened to the outside world. Since then, Maoshan Taoist Academy has spread the orthodox religion, and Gan Yuan's view has cultivated the Dojo for Kundao and spread it to Quanzhen Dragon School.
Maoshan Taoism suffered several disasters, and a large number of cultural relics with precious cultural and artistic value were destroyed. At its peak, most of the 257 temples and monasteries have disappeared and can only be found in historical records. For example, the historic Chongxi Wanshou Palace was built into Jin Dong Reservoir in 1966, and the ruins of the palace were completely submerged. Other Taoist temples, large and small, were burned in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, leaving only ruins, or were torn down and used for other purposes after the founding of New China. I hope people can realize the urgency of protecting Taoist cultural relics.