Nanjing, referred to as "Ning", was called Jinling and Jiankang in ancient times. It is the capital of Jiangsu, a sub-provincial city, a megacity and the core city of Nanjing metropolitan area. It is an important central city, an important scientific research and education base and a comprehensive transportation hub in eastern China approved by the State Council. Nanjing is located in the east of China, in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and near the river. It is the headquarters of China Oriental Theatre. Its geographical coordinates are 3 1 14 "north latitude to 32 37" east longitude 1 18 22 ".
Nanjing is one of the four ancient capitals in China, one of the first national historical and cultural cities, and an important birthplace of Chinese civilization. There are more than 7,000 years of civilization history, 2,600 years of city building history and nearly 500 years of capital building history. Historically, it prospered with China several times and has long been the political, economic and cultural center of southern China. There were ancient human activities in Nanjing as early as 100 to1200,000 years ago, and Nanjing apes lived in Tangshan, Nanjing more than 350,000 to 600,000 years ago. In 229 AD, Sun Quan, Emperor Wu, established his capital here. Since then, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties have successively established their capitals here, so Nanjing is called "the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties". Later, Nanjing became the western capital of Wu Yang, the capital of Southern Tang Dynasty, the capital of Southern Song Dynasty, the capital of Ming Dynasty, Tianjing of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the capital of Republic of China, so it was also called "the city of ten dynasties".