Case social work is one of the compulsory courses of social workers' four-year college courses. Most social workers can blurt out: Case social work is one of the main methods of social work, what is its definition and what is its strict procedure. Then, the following is the practice and thinking of social work cases I brought to you. Welcome to read and browse.
First, the basic elements of case social work
Have a clear goal
working face
Taxable
Promote the improvement of the independent solving ability of the case owner.
First of all, we must determine what case work is, and sort out four elements according to reference books. If a social worker doesn't know whether the help (consultation and counseling) he provides to the client is case work, he can ask him whether the personal consultation or counseling service he provides meets the above four basic elements.
For example, Uncle Zhang Can went to the Social Work Center for help because he couldn't use a mobile phone. The staff patiently helped Uncle Zhang and taught him how to use the mobile phone. In the discussion, colleagues applied the above elements with great interest: the goal is to teach the use of mobile phones; The plan is to spend three sections; Evaluation of Uncle Zhang finally learned to use a mobile phone; Promote uncle Zhang to use his mobile phone himself. Then ask the supervisor: What do you think of this situation? Simply looking at the above examples, it seems that it fully meets the requirements of case social work. I can't help asking social workers: What's the difference between what social workers do and what residents do? A:? Well, social workers are more patient and enthusiastic! ? Supervisor:? Apart from patience and enthusiasm, how can social workers show their professional value? We know very well that patience and enthusiasm are not enough to reflect the value of social workers. How to embody professionalism is the key.
Let's take a look at Uncle Zhang's example. I said that being a social worker needs more curiosity. Uncle Zhang, what kind of service can we provide? If it is different from the services provided by traditional community neighborhood committees, social workers can think more: What makes Uncle Zhang need to seek the help of social workers? This time, the social worker can teach Uncle Zhang to use his mobile phone. What about next time? Is there anyone else in Uncle Zhang's life circle who can ask for support? Can anyone else teach him to wait? If social workers are curious, they may find some potential needs of the parties, which are places where social workers can provide services, such as helping to establish resource networks, establishing support systems, and promoting mutual assistance among neighbors. Therefore, the four elements of case work are the most basic and incomplete elements to test case work; When social workers provide services, are they not sure about the services they provide? Case? Sometimes, you can ask yourself four questions first: Is there a goal in the individual counseling or counseling I am providing? Is there a plan? Is the goal assessable? Whether the ultimate goal is to promote the self-solving ability of the parties, that is, to help others help themselves.
Two, case work has its own set of basic procedures.
Have a clear goal: treatment/development.
Case work acceptance service agreement
Documentation of case work
background information
There should be problems: what are the difficulties, what should be changed, what are the needs and so on.
The course of the case is recorded.
basic document
draft
estimate
Interview/telephone interview recording process: focusing on the role of follow-up and accountability
Summary: summarize the evaluation report.
The same is to provide services for residents. What is the difference between the help provided by social workers and the traditional neighborhood Committee staff? If we only have more patience and enthusiasm, the professionalism of social workers will not be reflected, and the work skills learned by social workers will be useless. Social workers have their own workflow when providing case counseling.
Case work is a process in which social workers intervene and interact with individuals (sometimes a family). Cases can be divided into two categories: one is therapeutic cases; One is a development case. Treatment cases usually have obvious problems, which may lead to personal behavior, cognition, emotion and other problems, or hinder the interaction between individuals and the external environment, and need intervention and adjustment; Generally speaking, a developmental case is a balanced adaptation between individuals and the environment, but it needs to be improved in some aspects, and the purpose of this improvement is to meet the higher needs of individuals. Usually, social workers can be sought to cooperate to solve problems and promote development. In the process of intervention, social workers first understand the basic situation, needs, requirements and problems of the clients through interviews with them. It should be noted that this kind of conversation is intrusive, and the intervention is purposeful, not aimless chat.
For example, Grandma Wang recently went to the social work center frequently to find social workers, and talked for hours every time she pulled social workers, but it didn't seem to be very important. The social worker said that during the chat, she felt that Grandma Wang had a strong desire to talk, but every time she just talked about her family, it seemed that there were no problems to be solved, but social workers also needed to spend time. Grandma Wang said enough, and then she left, and then she might suddenly appear in the center.
Is this irregular meeting to provide case service?
Here I will emphasize with my colleagues: interview? With what? What's the difference between chatting? If we need to explore potential case objects, the use of conversation is very important. In the interview process, social workers can dig out the internal needs of the interviewee's superficial needs through interviews, and then promote the solution of the problems behind them, otherwise it will become an endless chat process. Therefore, in the process of digging or receiving a case, remind yourself that the social worker's conversation is involved and the intervention has a goal. Don't let the conversation turn into small talk.
One of the basic procedures of casework is to sign a service agreement. At present, it is a procedure to sign a consent form for accepting social work services. Most social workers say that the clients agree with their services, but it is even more difficult to accept them when written documents are needed.
In developed countries and regions, people have a better understanding of the concept of social work service. There is a working relationship between customers and staff, which is limited by professional ethics requirements and work codes. Case agreement is one of the working procedures. Just as lawyers provide legal aid services to clients, lawyers and clients will sign agreements.
However, under the influence of China's traditional cultural concepts and values (such as washing one's dirty linen in public) and the initial stage of social work in the Mainland, social work itself has not been recognized by the public. Some clients are willing to talk to strangers? Social worker? Talk about your own or your family's problems and accept them? Social worker? Intervening in his personal world makes social workers feel gratified. The sudden agreement requirements undoubtedly brought great trouble to social workers to further carry out their work. In actual work, the client has been receiving social work service for more than a year, and he doesn't even know about being a social worker. Not without it. Are we kidding? Make a case? . ? Make a case? Perhaps it is an inevitable embarrassing phenomenon at this early stage, but I hope it won't be too long. Social workers themselves need to be clear that the positioning of professional image and the establishment of professional relations can't be achieved overnight, and professional work rules can't be ignored because of the resistance of clients. What do we do? In fact, in view of this situation, we can handle this artistically in the process of work. Agreement relationship? The real purpose is not whether to sign an agreement, but how do we deliver it to our customers? Agreement? The concept of.
The so-called case work agreement aims to make the parties clear about the work code, ethics and principles of social workers; Understand that there is a working relationship between them and social workers, and the case owner and social workers jointly set the work goal. The case owner agrees with this goal and has the responsibility to participate in and try to solve their own problems, rather than relying on social workers; The case owner needs to attend the interview on time, and also has the right to apply for withdrawal from the service halfway. The content of these agreements is essentially to convey the concept of social work, not? Requirements? Social workers need to have a good understanding to convey this information to the case owner.
In practice, for some clients with weak acceptance of social work services, we usually adopt oral agreement, and naturally we will not read them one by one according to the Agreement on Acceptance of Services. This transmission process is an artistic process, and social workers can transmit such information to the parties according to their personal characteristics.
In addition, the importance of case work paperwork is emphasized. What needs to be reminded to social workers here is the accountability function of interview records: in addition to following up your work through your records, the boss also needs to follow up whether social workers conform to professional ethics and bear corresponding responsibilities in the process of providing services; Especially in the follow-up treatment of special circumstances and crisis events, social workers should record and inform their superiors in time, and the supervisor should consult the social worker records and share the responsibility of case work with social workers.
For example, if the supervisor regularly looks at the case records of frontline social workers, he may find that the last record of a social worker was six months ago and the case has not been closed. So the supervisor will ask why the case record for half a year is blank and whether the social worker forgot to follow up the case. Did you follow up but didn't take notes in time? In half a year, what happened to the object of the case and so on.
One possibility is that social workers follow the working principles and forget to take notes. If there are some accidents during the period, the case owner may hold the social workers accountable, so timely work records are also necessary to protect the social workers themselves.
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