1, safety pre-evaluation: mainly based on the contents of the feasibility study report of the construction project, analyze and predict the possible risk factors and types of the project, and put forward reasonable and feasible safety countermeasures.
2. Safety acceptance evaluation: mainly check whether the safety facilities in difficult projects are designed, constructed and put into production and use at the same time as the main project; Evaluate whether the supporting safety facilities of construction projects meet the national standards.
3. Safety evaluation: Comprehensive evaluation of production facilities, equipment, devices, storage, transportation, safety management, etc. of production and business units according to relevant national laws and regulations or requirements of production and business units.
4, special safety evaluation
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Second, the content of safety evaluation
Generally speaking, safety assessment includes the following main parts:
1. Brief introduction of the appraised unit
2. Introduction of production technology
3. Analysis of main risk factors
4. Selection of evaluation methods and division of evaluation units.
5. Safety countermeasures and suggestions
6. Evaluation conclusion
Three, usually need to prepare information
1, business license, land use certificate, hazardous chemicals business license, etc.
2, building lightning protection test report, electrostatic test report, special equipment test report
3, the factory floor plan, electrical layout, fire fighting equipment layout.
4, special operations personnel, safety management personnel, the main person in charge of safety training certificate
5. Information about the product.
6, enterprise rules and regulations, operating procedures, etc.
-Handmade, please give points.
Summarize the inspection object, inspection date, inspection team members, inspection standard basis, inspection methods, highlights in management, good practices, existing problems, hidden dangers and improvement suggestions, summarize the inspection and evaluation, what standards are reached, or how many points are scored, or rated as several safety standardization enterprises.
What are the contents of qualitative safety evaluation methods? Qualitative safety evaluation method is mainly based on experience and intuitive judgment ability, to make qualitative analysis on the process, equipment, facilities, environment, personnel and management of production system. The results of safety evaluation are some qualitative indicators, such as whether certain safety indicators have been reached, accident categories, factors leading to accidents and so on. (1) Typical qualitative safety assessment methods: safety checklist, on-site inquiry and observation by experts, LEC method for working condition risk assessment, failure type and impact analysis, and risk operability research. (2) Advantages and disadvantages of qualitative safety evaluation method: Advantages: easy to understand, easy to master, and simple evaluation process. Disadvantages: relying on experience has certain limitations; Differences in safety evaluation results; Safety evaluation results lack comparable qualitative evaluation methods, which can be divided into two types: ① Item-by-item assignment scoring method, which is called scoring method for short. Firstly, according to the evaluation object and purpose, according to the method of system decomposition (segmentation), the safety checklist is compiled to determine the inspection and evaluation items, and then according to the importance of the risk factors involved in the inspection and evaluation items, the scores corresponding to the importance are given item by item. Generally speaking, a total score is determined first, and then the importance of subsystems is determined item by item, that is, the weight coefficient is determined, and the total score is distributed to each subsystem according to the weight coefficient. If necessary, the total score of the subsystem can be redistributed to the next subsystem according to this method, and then the total score of the subsystem (or the next subsystem) can be distributed to each evaluation item according to the weight coefficient. In the past, the determination of weight coefficient was carried out through expert discussion or investigation and consultation, mainly relying on the knowledge and experience of expert groups. Generally speaking, the weight coefficient determined in this way can be recognized by the public, but in order to minimize the adverse effects caused by subjective factors, some methods of modern management science, such as Delphi method or functional coefficient evaluation method, can be used when determining the weight coefficient when conditions permit. ② Single weighted scoring method. This scoring method evaluates the actual inspection results of evaluation items as excellent, good, medium and poor according to the pre-specified conditions (the number of grades is not limited, but the overall priority order should be unified), and then obtains the overall evaluation value according to the weight coefficient (i.e. score) of each grade determined in advance.
In the Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on Health and Safety Evaluation in disinfection products, what does the health and safety evaluation in disinfection products include?
Guo Fa [2014] No.36
All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government Health and Family Planning Commission (Health Bureau), Health Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and Health Supervision Center:
In order to strengthen the supervision and management of the cancellation of administrative license in disinfection products, according to the relevant provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the Measures for the Administration of Disinfection, we have revised the Provisions on Health and Safety Evaluation in disinfection products (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), and the revised contents can be downloaded from the "Comprehensive Supervision" section of our website. It is issued to you, please follow it.
Disinfectants and disinfection instruments that have obtained the approval of hygiene license can continue to be used within the validity period, and relevant information will be converted into health and safety evaluation reports and filed in accordance with the requirements of these regulations; Disinfection products, which was listed in the announcement of the National Health and Family Planning Commission (Guo Wei Tong [2013] No.4), has passed the technical review, and its relevant information shall be converted into a health and safety evaluation report and filed before September 30, 20 14 according to the requirements of this specification. [ 1-2]
National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC)
2065438+June 27th, 2004
What are the main contents of citizen safety management? The main contents of citizen safety management include three main aspects:
(1) urban security management;
(2) Urban traffic safety management;
(3) Safety management of urban lifeline facilities.
What is the main content of western financial theory? Western financial theory: Western scholars are actually a political process based on market economy, market failure as the fundamental reason for financial existence, providing (in a broad sense) public goods as the object of financial activities, meeting social public demand as the purpose of financial activities, public finance as the mode (or type) of financial operation, and public choice as the financial decision. Generally speaking, apart from the one-sided view that "finance only exists when the market fails", China can learn from it in other aspects, which is very beneficial to the development of "national distribution theory".
Specific content
Western financial theory 1, market failure theory
In the market economy, various social resources are spontaneously allocated mainly through market channels and ways, and the market mechanism has played a fundamental role in resource allocation. However, the market economy also has its own defects that cannot be remedied and overcome. The existence of various market failures makes it necessary for * * * to directly intervene in social and economic activities. In this way, * * * finance, as a means of direct planning and allocation of resources, must participate in correcting market failures. As a result, market failure led to the emergence of finance. It can be seen that on the issue of financial causes, western financial theory follows the following basic analysis ideas: effective market operation → market failure → * * * intervention → financial intervention. In this regard, people might as well call it the financial reason of "market failure". However, it should be noted that this statement is one-sided, because thinking that finance exists because of market failure is tantamount to denying the 5,000-year financial history.
2. Public choice theory
Since finance is an act of providing public goods and services to the market economy; So what public goods should it provide? How to provide public goods? Who do you provide public goods for? Wait a minute. These problems actually involve how * * * makes financial decisions. Western scholars believe that the effective supply of public goods is based on personal utility and preference. Tens of millions of people in Qian Qian have reflected their desires and preferences for public goods through the representative democratic system and voter referendum or parliamentary voting procedures, and reached a certain public will after summary, thus providing a basis for the budget decision analysis of public goods. Because there is always more or less deviation in individual preference for public goods, there are also contradictions and deviations between collective public will and individual will. Western financial theory often regards the financial decision-making process as a political decision-making process in a large space, discusses the influence of election principles and electoral system on public choice and public decision-making, and points out that voting principles such as legal majority, simple majority and unanimous decision-making are superior to public decision-making. In addition, the public choice theory of western finance also analyzes the influence of the behaviors and activities of interest groups, political parties, bureaucracies and their personnel on political decision-making, and discusses the possible results of voting transactions among them, and so on. Therefore, from the analysis of financial decision-making process, "public * * * choice theory" constitutes an important part of western financial theory.
3. Public finance theory.
In modern society, * * * first has state power, which raises financial funds, uses fiscal policies to correct and solve market failures, provides public products and meets public needs; Because * * * is the representative of all state property, it has the ownership of state-owned assets and the corresponding disposal rights. Judging from the direct motivation of * * * to manage state-owned assets, there are no more than two purposes:
One is to make up for market defects and provide services for the market economy as the starting point, and not to make profits as the primary goal; The other is to be active in the competitive market and pursue profit maximization, which is not much different from the goal of general private economic activities. As far as the former is concerned, the management of state-owned assets focuses on solving the problem of market failure, and it is an activity of providing public goods, which belongs to the category of public finance;
The latter is not the case. * * * State-owned assets management activities are not based on making up for market defects, but participating in market competition with the private economy, with the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets as the primary goal. * * * (Finance) This activity belongs to the category of state-owned assets (capital) finance. Western financial theory holds that when the market can operate effectively, private economic activities can be guided spontaneously without the intervention of * * * due to the guiding role of interests. In order to avoid unnecessary damage to market efficiency caused by the intervention of * * * (finance), the scope of * * * (finance) should be limited to the field of market failure.
Therefore, in the western financial theory, * * * engaged in state-owned assets management activities should first consider how to create various favorable conditions for private economic activities and provide services for the effective operation of the market economy, instead of first considering the profitability of state-owned assets operation and intervening in the competitive market field.
Therefore, in the market economy environment, the western financial theory always denies the necessity of the existence of state-owned assets (capital) finance, but advocates the implementation of a single public * * * financial model (type) and defines the scope of * * * finance in the field of market failure. Therefore, from the perspective of financial model (type), western financial theory is also a kind of "public financial theory".
4. Public demand theory
In western financial theory, public demand refers to the public's demand for public goods (in a broad sense). This contains two meanings: on the one hand, in the market economy, the participants in social and economic activities can be divided into two poles, one is the public composed of countless private enterprises and individuals (or families) with equal legal status, and the other is the * * * who holds state power and always acts as a market dissident force. The public demand here refers to the needs of the masses, not the needs of the country (or * * *). On the other hand, public demand refers to the public demand for public goods (in a broad sense). For private products with different consumption properties, they can be produced by private enterprises and provided to the public through market channels to meet their needs. However, public goods with the same consumption nature are not effectively supplied by the market economy itself, but are necessary for the public and need to be provided by non-market forces through non-private economic activities; In this way, to meet the public demand for public goods, that is, the responsibility of public demand must be borne by the * * * finance. The direct purpose of this * * * finance is to meet the "public * * * demand". From this perspective, people can call western financial theory "public demand theory".
5, public * * * product theory
In western financial theory, public goods refer to goods with the same consumption nature. Public * * * products are an important manifestation of market failure, and most public * * * products must be directly provided by * * * finance. Therefore, public goods constitute an important object and basic content of financial activities. However, the public goods referred to here are in a narrow sense. Broadly speaking, public goods can be defined as various services with the same consumption nature. In this way, from the perspective of * * *' s intervention in the economy, * * * can use various ways and means to overcome and correct various market failures, that is, (in a narrow sense) public goods, external effects, market monopoly, incomplete market, incomplete information, unfair distribution, macroeconomic imbalance and other issues, which are in fact unable to provide market activities or private economic activities by enterprises and individuals in the market.
In short, in the market economy, * * * intervention based on overcoming and correcting various market failures can be regarded as * * * providing public goods for the normal operation of social economy, making public goods the object of * * * (financial) activities in the market economy. In fact, * * * (financial) activities can be defined as activities that provide public * * * products. Therefore, from the object of financial activities, western financial theory can be called "public goods theory". This theory is the core of western financial theory.
The main contents of enterprise safety inspection include inspection ideas, systems, disciplines, management and hidden dangers.
1) Check the leadership thinking: When checking the safety production of enterprises, first of all, check whether the enterprise leaders really attach importance to labor protection and safety production. That is, check whether they have a correct understanding of labor protection, whether they really care about the safety and health of employees, and whether they seriously implement the national labor protection guidelines, policies, regulations and systems. At the same time of inspection, we should pay attention to publicize the spirit of these laws and regulations, and criticize all kinds of wrong thoughts and behaviors that ignore the safety and health of workers and command in violation of regulations.
2) Inspection system: supervise and inspect whether the responsibility system for production safety of leaders, departments and employees at all levels is sound and strictly implemented; Whether the safety system is sound and seriously implemented; Whether the "three simultaneities" can be implemented, that is, whether the labor protection facilities and safety technical measures of new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects are designed, constructed and put into production at the same time, and whether the safety inspection can be carried out on time; Whether the safety education system is seriously implemented, and whether the three-level education for new workers and regular training for special operations personnel are not achieved; Whether the accident has been seriously investigated, reported in time and dealt with seriously, so as to achieve "three-no pass"; Whether the safety organization is sound, whether the safety officer network really plays a role, etc.
3) Discipline inspection: supervise and inspect the labor discipline, work discipline, operation discipline, process discipline and construction discipline in the production process. Whether there are phenomena such as being late, leaving early, leaving the post, skipping the post and taking a nap in the production post; Do you do private work during working hours and do things that have nothing to do with production? All wear labor protection articles according to regulations and smoke in non-smoking areas; Whether there is any violation of operating rules, operating methods and operating disciplines, not staring at the instrument at the operating post, and fooling around; All of them are operated according to the process index, and the over-temperature, over-pressure and over-index pose danger to safety production; Whether there are any violations and prohibitions in the construction; Carry out hot work without a hot work permit, borrow soil without approval, change equipment and pipelines without authorization, vehicles enter dangerous areas casually, block fire exits due to construction occupation, tamper with fire hydrants, and arbitrarily press power supply.
4) Check management: whether the establishment of enterprise safety organization meets the requirements, whether target management, staff management, professional management and group management are implemented, and whether safety management is institutionalized, standardized, standardized and regular.
5) Hidden danger inspection: It means that inspectors go deep into the production site to check whether the working conditions, production equipment and corresponding safety and health facilities of the enterprise meet the requirements of labor protection.
What are the main contents of safety supervision and management? The main types of safety production inspection and supervision are:
First, a comprehensive safety inspection
Second, regular safety inspection
Three, full-time or full-time safety management personnel professional safety inspection
Four, seasonal safety inspection
V. Key points of safety inspection in key departments
According to the Safety Production Law and related laws, the basic contents of safety production supervision and inspection are as follows:
(A) check the train of thought
Check the enterprise leaders and employees' understanding of the safety production policy, the importance they attach to the establishment and improvement of safety production management and safety production rules and regulations, and the handling attitude towards safety problems or hidden dangers found in safety inspection.
(2) Inspection system
In order to implement the safety production management system, engineering contracting enterprises should establish and improve a set of safety production rules and regulations of their own enterprises according to their own actual conditions, and implement them in specific project construction tasks. Safety inspection, should check the enterprise's construction safety production rules and regulations. Construction safety production rules and regulations shall generally include the following contents:
(1) Safety production responsibility system;
(2) Safety production license system;
(3) Safety production education and training system;
(4) safety measures planning system;
(five) the system of holding certificates for special operations personnel;
(6) Expert argumentation system for special construction scheme;
(7) the elimination system of technology, equipment and materials that endanger the construction safety;
(8) Registration system for the use of construction hoisting machinery;
(9) Production safety accident reporting and investigation and handling system;
(10) Operating procedures for various safety technologies;
(1 1) examination and approval system for hazardous operation management;
(12) Safety management system for the production, storage, transportation and use of inflammable, explosive, highly toxic, radioactive and corrosive dangerous goods;
(13) Distribution and use system of protective articles;
(14) Safe power system;
(15) examination and approval system for hot work in dangerous places;
(16) Fire prevention, explosion prevention, lightning protection and anti-static system;
(17) patrol inspection system for dangerous posts;
(18) safety sign management system.
(3) check management
Mainly check whether the safety production management is effective and whether the safety production management and rules and regulations are really implemented.
(4) Check for hidden dangers
Mainly check whether the production and business premises meet the requirements of safe production. Inspectors should go deep into the job site to check whether the working conditions of workers, sanitary facilities, safe passage, storage of spare parts, storage of protective facilities, electrical equipment, pressure vessels and chemical products, dust and toxic and harmful workplaces meet the standards, ventilation and lighting facilities in the workshop and the use of personal labor protection articles meet the requirements. Special attention should be paid to strengthening the inspection of some key parts and equipment, such as boiler rooms, substations and various toxic, flammable and explosive places.
(5) Inspection and rectification
Mainly check whether safety technical measures and safety management measures have been taken and the effect of rectification after the safety problems raised in the past, production safety accidents and potential safety hazards have occurred.
(6) Accident investigation and handling
Check whether the casualty accident is reported in time and whether the responsible person is dealt with seriously. In the safety inspection, an inspection team must be set up to meet the needs of safety inspection, equipped with corresponding manpower and material resources. After the inspection, a safety inspection report should be prepared, which should explain the qualified items, unqualified items, existing problems and cause analysis, and put forward suggestions for corrective and preventive measures.
The main contents of food safety hazards's assessment include the following aspects, which depend on the standards of developed capitalist countries. After all, they have experienced it, and then we will improve it. Here, I want to say to the food enterprises that the food you produce is a debt of conscience. You know that anyone who thinks he is smart and adds things to harm people's health will not last long. No matter what your background or how big your company is, once there is poisonous food, you will be "shot" immediately, and no one can guarantee it.