Question 2: What is written in the abstract of the patent application? Detailed Rules for the Implementation of People's Republic of China (PRC) Patent Law (revised on 20 10)
Article 23 The abstract of the specification shall indicate the summary of the contents of the patent application for invention or utility model, that is, the name of the invention or utility model and its technical field, and clearly reflect the technical problems to be solved, the main points of the technical scheme to solve the problems and the main uses.
The abstract of the specification can contain the chemical formula that best explains the invention; An application for a patent with drawings shall also provide a drawing that best illustrates the technical characteristics of the invention or utility model. The size and clarity of the attached drawings shall ensure that all the details in the drawings can still be clearly distinguished when the drawings are reduced to 4cm× 6cm. The abstract text shall not exceed 300 words. Commercial advertising language shall not be used in the abstract.
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Question 3: How to write the abstract of the paper?
Papers usually have abstracts, some for international communication, and foreign language (mostly English) abstracts. It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments or comments. Other uses are to obtain necessary information without reading the full text of the paper.
The abstract shall include the following contents:
① The purpose and significance of this study;
(2) the main content of the study, which shows what has been done;
(3) The basic conclusions and research results highlight the originality of the paper;
④ The significance of the conclusion or result.
Although the abstract of the paper should reflect the above contents, the text must be very concise, the content should be fully summarized, and the length is generally limited to less than 5% of the words in the paper. For example, a 6000-word paper usually has an abstract of no more than 300 words.
Don't give examples, talk about the research process, use charts, give chemical structures, and make self-evaluation. The common problems in writing the abstract of a paper are as follows: 1. Plagiarizing the subtitle (table of contents) or the text of the conclusion part of the paper; Second, the content is not centralized and the text is too long.
Question 4: What does the abstract say? Also known as abstract and content summary. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value.
Question 5: Summary of management expenses-how to write others? Expense items should be filled in. If you pay * * expenses, you can add subheadings for large amounts.
Or put it on others first, and then separate the big pieces at the end of the year.
Question 6: How to write the summary when the registered capital is recorded? First of all, if the registered capital is paid in, just write "paid-in shareholder capital". If it is not actually received, it is only the registered capital of the business license or the articles of association, and it does not need to be recorded.
Question 7: What should be written in the abstract of a general paper? First, the definition of abstract should generally explain the purpose, experimental methods, results and final conclusions of the research work. The focus is on the results and conclusions. Generally speaking, Chinese abstracts do not exceed 300 words, and foreign abstracts do not exceed 250 substantive words. Figures, tables, chemical structures, symbols and terms that are not widely known and commonly used are not used in the abstract unless absolutely necessary. You can start a new page before the title page (this page has no text), and the abstract of an academic paper is generally placed after the title and author and before the text of the paper. Abstracts of papers are also called abstracts and executive summaries. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value. It should be self-evident and have the same amount of information as the literature, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text. Needless to say, it needs to be scrutinized word by word. The content must be complete, specific and obvious. Although the English abstract is based on the Chinese abstract, it should consider the needs of readers who can't read Chinese, and the substantive content can't be omitted. Second, according to the different contents, abstracts can be divided into the following three categories: reportage abstracts, indicative abstracts and reportage-indicative abstracts (1). Reportage abstract, also known as information abstract or information abstract, is characterized by a comprehensive and brief summary of the purpose, methods, main data and conclusions of the paper. Usually, this abstract can partially replace reading the full text. (2) Indicative abstract: It is also often called explanatory abstract, descriptive abstract or argument abstract. Generally, only two or three sentences are used to summarize the theme of the paper, and arguments and conclusions are not involved. This abstract can be used to help potential readers decide whether they need to read the full text. (3) Reporting-indicative abstract: the part with high information value in the literature is expressed in the form of reporting abstract, and the rest is expressed in the form of indicative abstract. (3) Writing methods of abstracts At present, most papers published in Chinese journals use reportable abstracts. That includes the purpose, methods, results and conclusions of the paper. However, the abstract of graduation thesis is mostly an indicative abstract, which summarizes the theme and main content of the article. In the process of writing an indicative abstract, the author should first briefly introduce the writing background of the paper, then briefly introduce the main content of the article, mainly the outline of the article, and finally introduce the research significance of the article. Four. Matters needing attention in writing abstract (1) The abstract should exclude the contents that have become common sense in this subject field; Never write what should appear in the introduction into the abstract; Generally don't interpret and comment on the content of the paper (especially self-evaluation). (2) Don't simply repeat the existing information in the topic. For example, if the title of an article is "Study on Rhizome Formation of Several Orchid Seeds Cultured in Vitro in China", then don't write at the beginning of the abstract: "Use the third person for …". It is suggested that the description methods such as "research …", "report …" and "investigation …" should be used to indicate the nature and theme of the literature at one time, instead of "this article" and "author" as subjects. (5) Standardized terms should be used instead of symbols and terms that are not widely known and commonly used. If there are new terms or no suitable Chinese terms, you can indicate the original text in brackets or after translation. (6) In addition to being really inflexible, mathematical formulas and chemical structural formulas are generally not used, and illustrations and tables do not appear. (7) Unless the literature confirms or denies the published works of others, there is no need to cite them. (8) Abbreviations, abbreviations and codes must be explained when they first appear, except those that can be clearly understood by adjacent professional readers. Other matters that should be paid attention to when writing scientific papers, such as adopting legal units of measurement, using language and punctuation correctly, are also applicable to the preparation of abstracts. At present, the main problems in writing are: incomplete elements, or lack of purpose, or lack of methods; Citation is not independent and self-evident; Improper simplification.
Question 8: How to write the abstract of the article? Select the highlights of the article and then annotate and write personal feelings to connect with reality. Before that, you should also try to figure out the author's mind, style and meaning, praise the author first or express your understanding or appreciation of the present sentence, but the field is free and properly connected with reality. . . . Anyway, that's what I am
Question 9: How to write the abstract of the abstract? You must write in your own words, that is, simply write down the content, purpose and significance of your paper, which is shorter than the summary. General 100-300 words is enough. Abstract usually appears on the first page of a paper, both in Chinese and English. Good luck!
Question 10: How to write an abstract? Also known as abstract and content summary. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations. Its basic elements include research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. Specifically, it is the main object and scope of research work, the means and methods adopted, the achievements and important conclusions obtained, and sometimes other important information with intelligence value. Abstract is a concise summary of the description of an invention or utility model. The theme and essence of the invention or utility model shall be briefly explained. The important purpose of this paper is to facilitate people's literature retrieval and preliminary classification. The abstract text shall not exceed 300 words. The abstracts of natural science original works such as research results, experimental research reports and investigation results reports should have four elements: purpose, materials and methods, results and conclusions. The abstracts of other papers should also accurately reflect the main points of the papers and summarize their achievements and conclusions. Writing should be carefully conceived, and it is often above the fold who reviews the manuscript. ...........................................................................: Well, I think you should have checked the contents above. Just make it up. There's not much material in it anyway. Just don't write too few words!