I. Overview of cleaner production
(A) the definition of cleaner production
(B) the emergence and development of cleaner production
(C) the benefits of cleaner production
Cleaner production refers to the continuous application of pollution prevention strategies in the production process. Through continuous improvement of management and technological progress, the utilization rate of resources will be improved and the discharge of pollutants will be reduced, thus reducing the harm to the environment and human beings. The core of cleaner production is to start from the source, give priority to prevention, control the whole process, and realize the unity of economic benefits and environmental benefits.
1, cleaner production is conducive to overcoming the problem of separation of enterprise production management and environmental protection.
The management of an enterprise is very important for its survival and development. Although the idea of environmental management has more or less penetrated into the production management of enterprises. For example, more and more industrial enterprises are concerned about problems such as run, run, drip and leakage in their production process, but enterprise leaders and engineers engaged in production are concerned about product quality, output and sales, and more concerned about reducing costs and improving enterprise efficiency. However, people engaged in environmental management in enterprises are very enthusiastic about the treatment effect of pollutants. How to meet the emission standards, the production management and environmental protection of enterprises can never run together, and enterprises increasingly regard the responsibility of environmental protection as a burden, not a need. Cleaner production is a new thinking, which integrates the concerns of both, and continuously applies the environmental management idea of overall pollution prevention and control to the whole production process of products; Change the environmental management and functions of enterprises, not only pay attention to source reduction, but also save raw materials and energy, and do not use or use less toxic raw materials; Implement the whole production process control to reduce the generation and toxicity of various wastes in the production process, and achieve the purpose of reducing both material consumption and waste discharge and toxicity.
2. Cleaner production enriches and improves the production management of enterprises.
Cleaner production through a set of strict enterprise cleaner production audit procedures, the input-output data of unit operation in the production process are calculated, and the main links and reasons of material loss are analyzed. Determine the source, quantity, type and toxicity of waste, determine the "bottleneck" position of poor production and management of enterprises, and then put forward a simple and feasible no/low cost scheme, and adopt the practice of reducing material consumption and pollutant generation while auditing. For example, the electroplating branch of Mu Ping Lock Factory in Shandong Province passed the cleaner production audit and adopted 40 waste-free bottomless schemes (almost without any cost), which reduced the wastewater quantity of the whole branch by 38.8%, the copper discharge by 53. 1%, the nickel discharge by 49.7% and the chromium discharge by 53.3%, saving a lot of raw materials and energy, and saving/kloc-0 annually. The reason is that through cleaner production, the input-output ratio of enterprises is improved, the amount of pollutants produced is reduced, and the management quality of employees is improved, thus enriching and perfecting the management of enterprises. The implementation of these schemes is realized by the vast number of production technicians and field operators, which in turn urges them to care more about management and improve their awareness of participating in management.
3. Carrying out cleaner production can greatly reduce the burden of terminal treatment.
As the most important means to control pollution at home and abroad, terminal treatment plays an extremely important role in protecting the environment. However, with the acceleration of industrialization, the disadvantages of the pollution control mode of terminal treatment have gradually emerged.
First of all, the terminal processing facilities have large investment and high operating costs, which leads to the increase of enterprise costs and the decline of economic benefits;
Second, there are problems such as pollutant transfer in terminal treatment, which can not completely solve environmental pollution;
Third, terminal processing does not involve the effective use of resources and cannot stop the waste of natural resources. According to the statistics of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in 1990, the U.S. spent as much as120 billion dollars on the treatment of three wastes, accounting for 2.8% of GDP, which became a serious burden for the country. In recent years, the expenditure of three wastes treatment in China only accounts for about 0.6%-0.7% of GDP, which makes most cities and enterprises overwhelmed. Cleaning fundamentally abandons the disadvantages of terminal treatment, and reduces or even eliminates the generation and discharge of pollutants through the control of the whole production process. In this way, it can not only reduce the construction investment of terminal processing facilities, but also reduce their daily operating costs and greatly reduce the burden on industrial enterprises.
4, the implementation of cleaner production, improve the market competitiveness of enterprises.
Cleaner production is a systematic project. On the one hand, it advocates "saving energy, reducing consumption, reducing pollution and increasing efficiency" through technological transformation, equipment renewal and waste recycling, so as to reduce costs, improve the management level of the organization, and improve the economic outlook, environmental awareness, participation in management awareness, technical level and professional ethics of all employees, including managers and engineers. At the same time, cleaner production can effectively improve the working environment and operating conditions of operators, reduce the impact of production process on employees' health, establish a good social image, promote public support for its products, and improve the market competitiveness of organizations.
5. The implementation of cleaner production can make managers more aware of the cost consumption of enterprises.
Cleaner production is a scientific management system. The implementation of cleaner production audit can make the environmental management of enterprises change qualitatively. Cleaner production audit includes the whole process control from product design, production process design, preparation of raw and auxiliary materials, closed-loop circulation of materials, product manufacturing, sales and auxiliary production process (operation management and process control of water, electricity and gas), so that environmental management runs through every link of the enterprise. When implementing cleaner production, enterprises must analyze their energy consumption and main material consumption, so as to improve the energy utilization rate and the conversion rate of raw materials as much as possible, reduce the consumption and waste of resources and ensure the permanent and sustainable utilization of resources. Practice has proved that the implementation of cleaner production can not only greatly reduce pollution, but also reduce costs, improve competitiveness and achieve the unity of economic and environmental benefits.
6. Cleaner production has established an image and brand for the enterprise.
Since the 1990s, the green tide with the theme of environmental protection has been in the ascendant, and environmental factors have become an important weight for enterprises to establish a good image and enhance the competitiveness of their products on a global scale. Enterprises can produce pollution-free or low-pollution products by implementing cleaner production, adopting clean, pollution-free or low-hazard raw materials and cleaner production processes, and realize less waste or no waste discharge or even zero discharge, which can not only improve the competitiveness among enterprises, but also establish a good environmental image in society and win public recognition and support for their products. Especially in international trade, economic globalization makes the influence of environmental factors increasingly enhanced. Implementing cleaner production can improve the possibility of international market access and reduce trade barriers.
(D) the meaning of cleaner production
The concept of cleaner production has four meanings:
First, the goal of production is to save energy, reduce the consumption of raw materials, and reduce the production and discharge of pollutants;
Second, the basic means of cleaner production is to improve technology, strengthen enterprise management, maximize the utilization level of resources and energy, change the product system, update the design concept, strive for the least waste discharge, and incorporate environmental factors into services:
Thirdly, the method of cleaner production is pollutant discharge audit, that is, the location and reason of pollutant discharge are found through audit, and the measures to eliminate or reduce pollutants and product life cycle analysis are screened;
Fourth, the ultimate goal of cleaner production is to protect human beings and the environment and improve the economic benefits of enterprises themselves.
(v) National policy support
1, national fiscal policy
2. National preferential tax policies
In order to strengthen environmental protection, China has formulated a series of preferential tax policies for environmental protection. In the process of promoting cleaner production, enterprises can make full use of these preferential policies, mainly including:
(1) Preferential income tax: For production with waste water, waste gas, waste residue and other wastes as raw materials, the income tax will be reduced or exempted within 5 years.
(2) Preferential value-added tax: For products produced from wastes and raw materials recovered from wastes, the tax authorities shall reduce or exempt the value-added tax in accordance with relevant state regulations. For example, the gold and platinum extracted from waste liquid and waste residue are exempt from value-added tax for building materials products produced from waste residue such as coal grindstone and fly ash;
(3) Preferential construction tax: the construction of pollution control projects can be exempted from construction tax while applying for preferential loans;
(4) Tariff preference: for some urban sewage and papermaking wastewater treatment equipment, the provisional tax rate of imported goods is applicable and enjoy tariff preference;
(5) Preferential consumption tax: 30% consumption tax will be reduced for cars, off-road vehicles and passenger cars whose production and sales reach the low pollution emission limit standard;
3. Policies and measures in Jiangsu Province
(1) Provide funds and credit support for cleaner production projects.
Key technologies of cleaner production, such as energy saving, pollution reduction and comprehensive utilization, cleaner production teacher program, introduction and digestion of key technologies, and annual investment of100000 person-times by the provincial science and technology department to support technology research and demonstration construction. Give discount loans to those included in the cleaner production demonstration projects of the National Development and Reform Commission. Environmental protection departments should give priority to pollution control projects of cleaner production pilot enterprises when approving environmental protection subsidy funds. Approved cleaner production projects, where enterprises raise funds to implement and meet the conditions, the financial sector should actively give support and give priority to loans to ensure the smooth implementation of the project.
(2) Implement preferential tax policies.
Income tax and value-added tax shall be reduced or exempted for the projects of comprehensive utilization of resources, products from "three wastes", environmental protection equipment (products) and water-saving equipment (products) in cleaner production, after the provincial economic and trade commission, the provincial finance, the provincial national tax and the provincial local tax jointly determine that they meet the conditions stipulated by the state tax preference; Income from the implementation of cleaner production technology development and technology transfer can enjoy preferential tax reduction and exemption in accordance with relevant state regulations; For imported equipment, instruments and technical materials that cannot be produced in China and are directly used for cleaner production, you can enjoy the preferential policies of national import tax reduction and exemption.
(3) Incorporate cleaner production assessment into environmental impact assessment.
In the project proposal stage, it is necessary to make a preliminary evaluation on whether the process and products meet the requirements of cleaner production; In the feasibility study stage of the project, the selection of raw materials, production technology and product scheme should be evaluated in detail to minimize the environmental risks of technology and products.
(4) Cleaner production audit is combined with pollutant discharge permit issuance.
On the basis of pollutant discharge declaration and registration, enterprises that submit cleaner production audit reports and implement cleaner production progress reports shall be given priority in issuing pollutant discharge permits. For enterprises that implement total pollutant emission control, the pollutant emission targets reduced by applying cleaner production technology can be transferred to other expanded reproduction projects of enterprises.
(5) Implement the identification of cleaner production marks.
By the provincial economic and trade commission in conjunction with the provincial science and technology department, the provincial environmental protection bureau and other departments, on the basis of comprehensive evaluation of enterprises, identify cleaner production enterprises and cleaner production products, issue cleaner production mark certificates, and regularly publish the list of cleaner production to the society. People's governments at all levels should implement limited procurement in government procurement and advocate limited procurement of products that meet the standards of cleaner production.
(6) extensive international cooperation and exchanges.
Actively strive for overseas funds, intergovernmental cooperation to carry out cleaner production pilot and demonstration, and increase cleaner production investment, exchanges and cooperation through multiple channels. Government departments at all levels should encourage international technical exchanges and cooperation and introduce foreign advanced technologies.
(7) Implement cleaner production reward system.
Units and enterprises that have made outstanding achievements in the implementation of cleaner production technology, the competent departments should give priority to the selection of advanced enterprises and civilized units, and the collectives and individuals that have made outstanding contributions in the research, development and promotion of cleaner production shall be commended and rewarded by the provincial cleaner production coordination group.
(six) the prerequisite for enterprises to implement cleaner production
Article 28 of the Law on the Promotion of Cleaner Production stipulates: "Enterprises whose pollutant emissions exceed the national and local emission standards or exceed the total pollutant emission control targets approved by the relevant local people's governments shall regularly carry out cleaner production audits and report the audit results to the competent administrative departments of environmental protection, economy and trade of the local people's governments at or above the county level". Enterprises whose pollutant concentration exceeds the standard shall conduct cleaner production audit. This is because the pollutant concentration reaching the standard is the basic requirement put forward by Kazakhstan in its long-term law enforcement. Inserting the concentration of pollutants into the sieve surface means that the environmental quality may be seriously affected, thus affecting the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, enterprises with excessive pollutant concentration should conduct cleaner production audit. Enterprises with excessive total pollutant emissions should also conduct cleaner production audits. This is because long-term practice shows that it is not enough to only require the concentration to meet the standard. In many cases, even if the pollutant discharge concentration reaches the standard, it may still cause great harm to the ecological environment and human health because of the huge amount of pollutants. Therefore, in recent years, China has put forward the requirement that the total amount of pollutants discharged by enterprises reaches the standard. Enterprises that fail to meet this requirement need to implement cleaner production audit, find out the existing problems, reduce pollution emissions through cleaner production measures, and achieve the total control goal. Enterprises that use toxic and harmful raw materials for production or discharge toxic and harmful substances in production shall also conduct regular cleaner production audits. This is because the use of toxic and harmful raw materials or the discharge of toxic and harmful substances in production may lead to the diffusion of toxic and harmful substances into the environment, seriously affecting the health of production workers, or have a harmful impact on the ecosystem components and human health in the surrounding environment.
Second, the cleaner production audit method
(A) the principle of cleaner production audit
The idea of cleaner production audit can be summarized in one sentence, that is, identify the location where waste occurs, analyze the principle of production, and put forward the scheme to reduce or eliminate waste.
1. Where is the waste generated? Through field investigation and material balance, find out the waste position and determine the output.
2. Why is there waste? This requires an analysis of every link in the production process.
3. How to eliminate these wastes? According to each cause of waste generation, design corresponding cleaner production schemes, including no/low-cost schemes and medium/high-cost schemes, which can be one, several or more. Through the implementation of these programs, the generation of waste can be eliminated, thus achieving the purpose of reducing waste generation.
To carry out cleaner production, it is necessary to implement the specific problems and conditions of each enterprise's products and their production process. For a production process system, the basic ways to implement cleaner production can be summarized as the following main aspects:
(1) Comprehensive utilization of resources.
In general process products, the cost of raw materials accounts for 70% of the cost. Through the comprehensive utilization of raw materials, the product cost can be directly reduced, the economic benefit can be improved, and the generation and discharge of waste can be reduced. First of all, the raw materials should be identified correctly. On this basis, it is necessary to establish a material balance for each component of raw materials, list the useful components now and in the future, make a plan to transform them into products, and actively organize their implementation.
(2) change the process and equipment.
Simplify the process and equipment in the process;
Realize the continuous operation of the process and reduce the unstable state caused by driving and parking;
On the basis of the original process, the technological conditions of this century, such as temperature, flow, pressure, residence time, stirring temperature, necessary pretreatment, etc. , are all appropriate; Equipped with automatic control device to realize optimal control of the process; Change the formula of raw materials, adopt concentrate, substitute raw materials and pretreat raw materials.
(3) Organize the material circulation in the factory.
Recover the lost materials and return them to the process as raw materials; The wastes produced in the production process are properly treated and returned to the production process as raw materials or raw material substitutes.
(4) Improve the product system.
Brand-new design of products; Adjust product structure and optimize production; Remove redundant functions; Simplify packaging and encourage the use of reusable packaging materials made of renewable materials. Products are easy to recover, regenerate and reuse after being scrapped.
(5) Strengthen management.
Install necessary testing instruments and strengthen metrological supervision; Put an end to running, running, dripping and leaking; Effective command and scheduling, reasonable arrangement of mass production schedule; Organize safe and civilized production, etc.
(6) Necessary terminal treatment.
The terminal treatment in the whole process control is only the last resort after taking other measures. Its requirements are as follows: clean up the diversion, reduce the handling capacity, which is conducive to organizing material recovery; Reduction treatment, such as dehydration, compression, packaging, incineration, etc. ; According to the shrinkage requirements of centralized treatment, in-plant pretreatment is carried out.
(2) Seven steps of cleaner production audit
Cleaner production audit is an important prerequisite for enterprises to implement cleaner production. The main contents of cleaner production audit include finding the problems existing in enterprises, analyzing and evaluating these problems, and putting forward reasonable suggestions for pollution prevention and control. Through the systematic implementation of cleaner production audit, enterprises can achieve the purpose of "saving energy, reducing consumption, reducing pollution and increasing efficiency".
Basic methods of cleaner production audit:
1, list the pollution sources of the enterprise, that is, find out the source of waste;
2. Analyze the causes of waste, that is, analyze why waste occurs;
3. Make a cleaner production plan, that is, consider how to eliminate the causes of waste and find out the fundamental solution to eliminate or reduce waste.
4. Implement while auditing, that is, immediately implement a feasible no/low-cost scheme;
5, material measurement and result evaluation, so as to provide a basis for the analysis of waste reasons;
6. Evaluate the cleaner production scheme, that is, find out the best feasible scheme with pertinence;
7. Make a comprehensive technical innovation plan, that is, optimize the whole production line, rather than targeting a certain part.
Three, cleaner production audit procedures:
(a), planning and organization
Planning and organization is the first stage of cleaner production audit. The purpose is to make enterprise leaders and employees have a preliminary and correct understanding of cleaner production through publicity and education, and to eliminate the obstacles of lying in ideology; Understand the work content, requirements and working procedures of cleaner production audit in enterprises. The key point of this stage is to obtain the support and participation of enterprises, set up cleaner production audit team, make audit work plan and publicize cleaner production concept.
1, with the support and participation of senior leaders of enterprises. Cleaner production audit is a comprehensive work, involving all departments of the enterprise. With the change of the audit stage, the departments and personnel involved in the audit may also change. Therefore, in the cleaner production audit, the senior leaders of the enterprise should arrange it on the main work schedule, actively support and participate, and the senior leaders should mobilize and coordinate the active participation of all departments and employees of the enterprise to make the audit work go smoothly. Therefore, we should make full use of external and internal influences, publicize and report to the senior leaders of enterprises in time, publicize the economic benefits, environmental benefits, improvement of intangible assets and promotion of technological progress brought by cleaner production audit, so as to obtain the support of leaders.
2. Publicity, mobilization and training. Cleaner production needs the participation of all employees in the enterprise. All education and training can be carried out through regular meetings of enterprises, television, issuing documents and organizing learning. Explain the content and significance of cleaner production in publicity, mobilization and training, improve the quality and awareness of cleaner production of employees, formulate policies to encourage cleaner production within enterprises, and actively mobilize employees to work together. At this stage, it is necessary to understand the origin of cleaner production and what is cleaner production; Why to implement cleaner production, the contents of cleaner production and terminal treatment, and their advantages and disadvantages; How enterprises should carry out cleaner production; What is cleaner production audit; Ideas, procedures, characteristics and operation points of cleaner production audit.
3. Establish an audit team. Enterprises planning to carry out cleaner production audit must first set up an authoritative audit team within the enterprise, which is the organizational guarantee for the smooth implementation of cleaner production audit. Usually, the audit team consists of 4-8 people, and the audit members should be formally appointed and assigned to ensure the smooth progress of current situation investigation, material measurement and scheme implementation in the audit work. It is best for the team leader to be a senior leader of the enterprise, or a senior leader with knowledge and experience in production, technology, management and new technology of the enterprise; Master the principles and technologies of pollution prevention and control, and be familiar with relevant environmental protection laws and regulations; Understand audit procedures, be familiar with audit team members, have leadership and organizational skills, be good at cooperating with other departments, and grant necessary authority. Members of the audit team should have knowledge or work experience in cleaner production audit of enterprises; Master the production and operation, technology, management and equipment maintenance of the enterprise; Familiar with the generation, treatment and management of enterprise waste, as well as national and local environmental protection laws and policies; It is composed of relevant personnel with the ability and experience of propaganda and organization.
4. Make the audit work plan. Making a detailed cleaner production audit work plan will help the audit work to proceed smoothly according to certain procedures and steps, organize manpower and material resources, perform their duties and coordinate with each other, so that the audit work can achieve satisfactory results and the cleaner production objectives of enterprises can be gradually realized. The audit work schedule shall include all major tasks in the audit process, including serial number, content, progress, name of person in charge, name of participating departments and output of each task.
(2) Pre-assessment
Pre-assessment is to investigate and inspect the current situation of enterprises from the whole production process, find out the pollution situation and pollution production priorities, and determine the audit priorities through qualitative comparison or quantitative analysis. Through the pre-evaluation investigation and analysis, the production status and potential of the enterprise are found, and the evaluation opinions on the environmental protection and resource consumption of the company are put forward, and the cleaner production objectives are defined.
1, investigation and analysis of current situation. It mainly includes the general situation of the enterprise, the production status, environmental protection status and enterprise management status of the enterprise. Investigate the whole production process, focusing on pollution production and discharge, links with high water and energy consumption, links or parts with frequent equipment accidents and actual production management. The investigation method is mainly through consulting and analyzing relevant design data and drawings, process flow chart and its explanation, material balance, energy (heat) balance, selection and arrangement of equipment and pipelines, various production records and reports of enterprises, and discussions with workers and engineers and technicians.
2, determine the audit focus. According to the obtained information, the main problems existing in the enterprise are listed, and some problem links are selected as the audit focus. According to the simple comparison and scoring of the weight factors of the company's production process by the members of the cleaner production team and related technicians, the audit focus is determined. The principles for determining the key points are: the connection with serious pollution, the connection with high consumption, the connection with high environment and public pressure, and the obvious opportunity of cleaner production.
3. Set cleaner production targets. According to the audit focus, set the cleaner production target, which should be quantifiable, operable and inspiring. At the same time, there is a time limit, and the goals are divided into short-term goals and medium-and long-term goals.
4. Propose and implement a free/low charge scheme. In this way, we can implement the principle of cleaner production at the same time, achieve timely results and promote the audit work. According to the analysis of the present situation, put forward, implement and summarize the schemes that are easy to require no investment or less investment in a short period of time.
(3), evaluation
The purpose of evaluation is to find out the links of material loss, the causes of waste, the problems existing in material storage and transportation, production operation, management and waste discharge, and the gap with the advanced level at home and abroad, so as to provide the basis for the prosperity of cleaner production scheme.
1. Prepare the flow chart of key audit points. Collect and summarize the relevant information of the audit key points, prepare the process flow chart in the audit, and clarify the use and loss of raw materials and energy. Make a measured plan.
2, determine the material input, output and pollution.
3. Establish the material balance chart and the balance chart of main pollution factors.
4. Analysis of waste causes. The causes of pollution and low production efficiency are analyzed from many aspects.
5. Propose and implement a free/low charge scheme.
(4) Making and screening the scheme.
The purpose of this stage is to provide enough medium/high cost cleaner production schemes for the feasibility analysis of the next stage through the generation, screening and development of the schemes. The focus of this stage is to formulate a cleaner production plan focusing on audit according to the results of the evaluation stage; On the basis of classification and summary (including generated non-audited key cleaner production schemes, mainly no/low-cost schemes), select more than one medium/high-cost scheme for the feasibility analysis of the next stage; At the same time, verify and summarize the implementation effect of the implemented no/low-cost scheme; Finally, write the mid-term audit report of cleaner production.
1, generation of substitutes. Carry out propaganda and mobilization throughout the plant to encourage all employees to put forward cleaner production schemes or rationalization suggestions; Widely collect advanced technologies from domestic and foreign counterparts; Organize industry experts to conduct technical consultation.
2. Scheme classification. All schemes are divided into feasible no/low-cost schemes and medium/high-cost schemes from the perspectives of technology, environment, economy and implementation difficulty.
3. Scheme selection. The preliminary feasible schemes are screened and sorted by weight method and score sorting method.
4. Program development. The feasible medium/high-cost scheme obtained by screening has a certain general impact on the production process due to the large investment, so it needs to be further developed and analyzed in engineering to provide more than two schemes for the feasibility analysis in the next stage. Generally speaking, the principles of systematicness, closeness, harmlessness and rationality should be considered in the development.
5. Continue to implement the free/low charge plan.
6. Approve and summarize the no/low fee scheme.
7. Prepare the interim report on cleaner production. After the previous scheme generation and screening work is completed, summarize all the previous work.
(V) Feasibility analysis of the scheme
The medium and high fee scheme has certain technical difficulties and needs corresponding financial support. Therefore, before the fact, we must go through repeated argumentation and come up with a feasible plan on the basis of full investigation and study to avoid the blindness of investment and reduce the investment risk.
1. Conduct market research. Investigate and forecast the market demand and determine the technical approach of the scheme.
2. Technical feasibility analysis. The advancement and applicability of process route and technical equipment; Relevance with relevant national and industrial policies.
3. Environmental feasibility analysis. Changes in energy use; Effects of waste generation, pollutant transfer and operating environment on human health.
4. Economic feasibility analysis. The evaluation adopts cash flow analysis and financial dynamic analysis.
5. Scheme recommendation. Recommend an implementable scheme.
6. Feasibility analysis report of the implementation plan.
(vi) Implementation of the plan
The purpose of this stage is to make the enterprise realize technological progress and obtain remarkable economic and environmental benefits through the implementation of recommended scheme (the best feasible scheme with medium/high cost after analysis); Encourage enterprises to carry out cleaner production by evaluating the results of implementing cleaner production scheme.
1, organize the implementation of the plan. Including overall planning, financing, implementation plan and so on.
2. Summarize the results of implementing the free/low charge plan.
3. Evaluate the results of the medium/high cost scheme that has been implemented. Including technical evaluation, environmental evaluation, economic evaluation and comprehensive evaluation.
4. Analyze and summarize the impact of the implementation plan on the enterprise. Including summarizing environmental benefits and economic benefits, comparing product indicators of various units, and promoting cleaner production results.
In short, the work at this stage is mainly to formulate the implementation plan, raise funds for the implementation of the plan, and summarize the economic and environmental benefits before and after the implementation of the plan; Compare the changes of production performance indicators before and after the audit; Publicity of cleaner production audit results.
(vii) Sustainable cleaner production
Cleaner production is a dynamic and relative concept and a continuous process. Therefore, it is necessary to have a fixed organization and stable staff to organize and coordinate this work, so as to consolidate the achievements of cleaner production and continue the cleaner production work. Enterprises need to set up special sustainable cleaner production leading group and audit group to avoid cleaner production institutions becoming a mere formality.
1. Establish and improve cleaner production organization. Further clarify the personal responsibility in cleaner production.
2. Establish and improve the cleaner production management system. Incorporate the audit results into the daily management of enterprises and establish the necessary incentive mechanism; Ensure a stable source of cleaner production funds.
3. Make a continuous cleaner production plan. Long-term strategy and tactics of enterprise cleaner production: work plan for the next round of cleaner production audit; R&D and new technology development plan of cleaner production; Cleaner production training plan for employees.
4. Prepare cleaner production audit report.