Learning motivation is an important non-intellectual factor that affects students' learning.
In Xue Ji, "If you don't know enough, you can reflect on yourself", "Stand firm and don't disobey" and "Leave the teacher's guidance, don't disobey" refers to consciously learning the lack of knowledge, having a strong belief in what you have learned, leaving school and accepting the teacher's teaching directly, which does not violate the teacher's teaching, indicating that stable learning motivation can directly promote learning behavior and maintain subsequent learning.
The basic components of learning motivation are learning needs and learning expectations.
There are some sayings in Xue Ji, such as "People don't learn, they don't know", "Fu Xue doesn't know the supreme goodness", and "Learning is not enough". This intention to learn "the supreme way" and the strong desire to learn from the prophet are the fundamental motivation to encourage individuals to participate in learning activities, which will be transformed into learning interests, interests, beliefs and so on.
From the way of action, it is the internal driving force of learning.
At the beginning of 055-79000, through the two aspects of "educating the people" and "building the country and governing the people", it helps learners to form the political ideal of "self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world". The fifth chapter realizes the life goal of "changing customs, persuading the near and cherishing the far" through the assessment or education supervision system of "second class, five grades and nine years", and finally recites it after the grand ceremony of "skin flap sacrifice"
In the collaborative process of internal motivation "the necessity of learning" and external motivation "the expectation of learning", a learning motivation system is formed.
It should be said that Yukime contains two motives.
First, it is the political function of education to learn the indirect motivation of long-term vision, which embodies the lofty social ideal of individuals with the purpose of "educating the people" and "building the country and governing the people".
Secondly, they are interested in learning content and learning results. The motivation of close direct learning is closely related to learning activities, which is manifested as "learning is not enough", "knowing but opposing", "knowing what is normal, standing without opposing" and "learning to be a parent and making friends for fun"
The sense of confusion, curiosity, self-confidence and sense of achievement after communication brought by "lack of knowledge" and the interest in educational content after virtuous circle of various external forces such as "safe study, parents and music friends" can be understood as a motive of "Xiao Ya".
The highest state of learning is autonomous learning.
"Respect Sun Wu's agility, learning comes from ignorance" requires concentration, modesty and respect, quick learning, academic success, and truly becoming an independent learner.
Reading the whole chapter of Xue Ji, the ultimate goal is to cultivate independent builders and successful people with "great virtue", "avenue", "great faith" and "great times".
Of course, there are also many excellent opinions on the cultivation of motivation and incentive strategies in Xueji.
First of all, reading the body and mind and obeying the rules are the inherent requirements of learning, cultivating and stimulating motivation.
Education should be gradual.
There is a certain sequence of changes in psychological skills, that is, "learning is not lame, etc." "Giving without stepping on the tomb festival", "Miscellaneous giving without grandchildren, bad without repairing".
Learning cannot go beyond the order of physical and mental development. "Vivi" encouraged. Otherwise, we have to hurry.
It is necessary to combine the teaching content, methods, means, weight and progress with students' characteristics to help students gradually master a complete knowledge system.
Educational factors, talent education.
Although the development trends of different individuals have the same development trend, they will never completely coincide.
As for the differences, the book emphasizes "teachers must know when they have passed four times" and "absent-mindedness", and makes it clear that students have differences and understanding students is the basis of material education.
"Knowing one's heart can recover the loss", "Knowing its beauty is evil", asking questions to students, "whispering", "speaking loudly" or "doing your best" can all recover the loss well through the education of talents.
Education should be taught in time.
Personal cognitive development presents a variety of development models.
Therefore, education should seize the critical period and improve pertinence and effectiveness.
Xue Ji holds that "when possible" and "it is difficult to succeed after studying hard", which requires educators to be good at grasping the sensitive period when a certain ability is easy to form in the early life and achieve more results.
Education should use goodness to recover losses.
The development and maturity of children's various physiological and psychological abilities show certain complementary skills.
In Xue Ji, "those who teach and educate people and conserve their energy" has a wide range of enlightening significance, such as "stupid birds fly first", "diligence can make up for the shortcomings", "hurting the body and determined" and "reason overcomes feelings".
Secondly, diligent reserve and promoting development are the preparatory principles for cultivating learning motivation and motivation.
Students' existing preparation is the starting point of new education.
Teachers should teach students according to their acceptance and study intensity, and "take care of their safety".
In teaching, stimulate students' self-consciousness and initiative in learning, realize "sincerity" and let students study with peace of mind. In this way, education can "get its heart", "make the best use of everything" and avoid "contradiction of giving" and "seeking happiness"
"You should have a proper job when teaching and live on campus when you retire", and "Tibet and information complement each other" emphasizes the combination of in-class and extracurricular activities. Only after class can we "play the guitar, play the guitar and listen to music", and in class can we "play the guitar, poem and ceremony". There is a lot of preparation for related knowledge and skills, but it is understandable that the same chapter emphasizes that "if you are not interested in art, you can't study happily"
Secondly, a clear system and strict inspection provide direction and guarantee for the cultivation and encouragement of learning motivation.
The examination system of "5 times in 9 years" is clearly recorded in Xueji.
The assessment is conducted in five batches, and each batch is completed at least in the gap year of a nine-year university, which makes the learning direction more clear.
As Einstein said, "With the support of lofty goals, you will succeed at the latest if you persist in your efforts", which keeps your initiative and enthusiasm in learning.
The educational supervision system reflects the guarantee function of learning motivation to learning effect from one side.
The primary role of educational guidance such as leaving the classics, respecting occupations and enjoying groups, knowledgeable parents, notices about learning and choosing friends, and knowing classes is to prevent students from repeating the same mistakes.
In learning activities, the goals of "great success" and "small success" encourage students to persist in learning.
In addition, research methods and restart are sharp tools and good methods to cultivate and stimulate learning motivation.
Scientific teaching method is the key to wisdom.
"Tao leads the way, strong leads the way, restraint leads the way, and openness leads the way." Three metaphors and metaphors say that "harmony is easy to think, which is a good metaphor", "a gentleman knows his good and evil, and then he can metaphor it" and "his words are also good"
"Good metaphor" arouses consciousness.
Don't guide and guide students, that is, to arouse the enthusiasm of autonomous learning through "thinking in harmony"
A "good metaphor" can correctly answer students' questions, just like "if you knock, the small one will make a small sound; if you knock, the big one will make a big sound, leaving room for it, and exerting the sound to the extreme", and finally "the power is beyond doubt, but the language is unclear"
During this period, teachers did not "cross the line" and "accept substitution".
"Rare metaphors" promote the mobility of knowledge.
A "good metaphor" means "coming as scheduled, approaching slightly", and the teacher's lecture should be simple and clear, concise and perfect. There are not many examples, but they can explain the problem.
Open the magazine "uglier than things" with "rare metaphor"
Apollo can be a teacher.
Metaphor is "communication", and a good metaphor should be "metaphor", "knowing the easy", "knowing beauty and evil" and "knowing metaphor".
"Apollo" is followed by "Be a teacher, be a principal, be you".
"Apollo" can directly generate new, more stable and differentiated learning needs on the basis that the original learning needs are constantly met, which is also a direct way to cultivate learning motivation.
Those who are good at it or are good at it consciously resist "spoon-feeding" and "spoon-feeding" teaching methods, and "moaning and listening to more information" will inevitably bring students "seclusion", "illness" and "suffering", and finally "listen after class"
In a word, Xue Ji is a classic, which can be said to last forever.
The classical significance lies not only in the excellent value concept carried by the theory itself, but also in its practical significance and practical enlightenment.
(Author Company (Jiujiang Vocational University)).
Yukime 2018165438+10/0/7th edition.
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