1, Chen Duxiu
Chen Duxiu (1879 19421October 9-1May 27, 942), formerly known as Qingtong, officially known as Gan Sheng, named Zhongfu, named Shi 'an, from Huaining, Anhui (now Anqing).
Great patriots, great revolutionaries and reformers, great democrats and great enlightenment thinkers in China's modern history.
He was an advocate of the New Culture Movement and the initiator of the first ideological emancipation movement in China in the 20th century. He was the commander-in-chief and ideological director of the May 4th Movement. Is an active disseminator of Marxism; Is the most important founder of China * * * producer.
2. Li Dazhao
Li Dazhao (188910129 October-128 April) was born in Laoting, Hebei. 1907 was admitted to Tianjin Beiyang College of Law and Politics. 19 13 After graduation, I went to Waseda University in Tokyo, Japan to study politics.
Comrade Li Dazhao is a pioneer of capitalism in China, a great Marxist, an outstanding proletarian revolutionary and one of the main founders of the * * * production party in China. He is not only an outstanding leader in the early days of our Party, but also a well-known scholar with profound knowledge and the courage to explore, occupying a lofty historical position in the capitalist movement and national liberation in China.
3. Lu Xun
Lu Xun (188 1 September 25th-19361October19), formerly known as Zhou Zhangshou, later renamed Yushan, later changed to Yucai, "Lu Xun" is his1.
A famous writer and thinker, an important participant in the May 4th New Culture Movement and the founder of modern literature in China. Mao Zedong once commented: "Lu Xun's direction is the direction of the new culture of the Chinese nation".
He had a great influence on the development of China's social ideology and culture after the May 4th Movement, and enjoyed a high reputation in the world literary world, especially in the fields of Korean and Japanese ideology and culture. He is known as "the writer who occupied the largest territory on the East Asian cultural map in the 20th century".
4. Cai Yuanpei
Cai Yuanpei, also known as Heqing, also known as,,, formerly known as Apei, was born in Shanyin County, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) with a ancestral home in Zhuji, Zhejiang Province.
Educators, revolutionaries and politicians. Democratic Progressive Party, member of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, member of the National Government and president of the Supervisory Institute. The first director of education of the Republic of China.
19 16 to 1927 as the president of Peking university, innovating Peking university and opening the wind of "academic" and "freedom"; From 1920 to 1930, Cai Yuanpei was also the president of Sino-French University.
5. Hu Shi
Hu Shi (1891121kloc-0/February 24, 962), formerly known as Siru, scientific name Hongbiao, pen name Hu Shi, has a proprietary word. Famous thinker, writer and philosopher. Zhou, a native of Jixi, is famous for advocating "vernacular Chinese" and leading the new culture movement.
19 18 joined the editorial department of "New Youth", vigorously advocated vernacular Chinese, preached individual liberation and freedom of thought, and together with Chen Duxiu, he was the leader of the New Culture Movement.
Extended data
19 15 September 15, Chen Duxiu founded Youth magazine in Shanghai (the second edition was renamed New Youth), and the editorial department of New Youth magazine moved to Beijing the following year. Li Dazhao, Hu Shi and Lu Xun became the main writers. They held high the banner of "democracy" and "science" and published a lot.
19 16 12 after Cai Yuanpei became the president of Peking University, he invited many scholars with new ideas to teach in the school, such as Hu Shi, Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren and Li Dazhao, and put forward the academic thought of "inclusiveness". In this way, "New Youth" and Peking University became the main propaganda positions of the New Culture Movement.
Influenced by New Youth, Trendy, Weekly Review, National, Peking University Monthly and New Education have successively joined the ranks of promoting new culture. After the May 4th Movement, publications promoting the new ideological trend sprang up like mushrooms after rain, reaching hundreds in a short time.
The main contents of the New Culture Movement include three aspects: publicizing science, advocating democracy and criticizing old ideas.
Scientific propaganda: including the propaganda of natural scientific knowledge, scientific spirit and scientific ideas, with special emphasis on scientific principles and methods. They introduced biological evolution theory, creative evolution theory, positivism and materialism to China as science, and also introduced some western natural scientists' ideas and natural science knowledge.
Advocating democracy: including the propaganda content of democratic politics and democratic spirit, and attaching importance to individual liberation and independence. Therefore, the concepts of democracy and science have been widely spread.
Criticizing old ideas: The initiator of the New Culture Movement realized that it is impossible to establish a new concept of civilization and a new national character without thoroughly criticizing traditional ethics and values.
Therefore, while propagating democracy and science, they severely criticized the traditional culture and launched the ideological and cultural innovation movement of "anti-tradition, anti-Confucianism and anti-classical Chinese", which made the traditional culture, ethics and philosophy of life suffer a heavy impact and opened up a situation for the massive introduction of modern western ideas (including Marxism).
Under the impetus of the New Culture Movement, thinkers and thoughts from different countries, factions and times in the West were introduced to China. Among them, Dewey's philosophy, Marxism, Russell's philosophy, Tolstoy's and Kropotkin's thoughts, Bergson's and Hans Driesch's philosophy are particularly striking.
Because Hu Shi was educated by Dewey when he was studying in the United States, Jiang Menglin and Tao Xingzhi also studied under Dewey and were interested in Dewey's educational philosophy. They all tried to popularize Dewey's philosophy in China, so they made a lecture tour in China during the May 4th Movement, which made Dewey's thoughts widely spread in China.
Baidu Encyclopedia-New Culture Movement