First, the basic situation and characteristics of the LED industry in China
1, basic survey of LED industry
According to the statistics of Photoelectric Devices Branch of China Optical Association, in 2006, there were more than 2,000 LED enterprises in China, including more than 30 epitaxial and chip R&D and production units. There are about 600 packaging enterprises, including about 100 packaging enterprises with a certain scale. More than 700 application products and supporting enterprises/kloc-0. There are about 65,438+10,000 employees in the industry (it is estimated that there are about 300,000 people), and a relatively complete industrial chain has been formed from the raw materials, extensions, chips, packaging, applications and related accessories, equipment and instruments of LED. The output of LED devices and chips in 2006 is shown in table 1, and the sales output value of LED devices is shown in table 2.
From the technical point of view, epitaxial growth of GaN on Si and SiC substrates has achieved good results. Using new photonic crystal structure and new technology to improve the external quantum efficiency, the main technical indicators of LED have been greatly improved. In packaging, there are many new packaging forms, which have a good effect on improving the light efficiency, heat dissipation performance and reliability of packaging. LED application products have been developed in all directions, and many new application products have appeared, and their structure and performance have been greatly improved.
Major breakthroughs have been made in LED standardization and testing. At present, the semiconductor lighting technical standards working group of the Ministry of Information Industry is working out the basic standards and product standards of 13 LED. The standards of LED application products are also formulated by relevant authorities. There are dozens of relevant standards being formulated, and some standards have been completed, such as LED display screens, traffic lights, miner's lamps, etc. In addition, the construction of LED detection platform is also actively promoted, such as Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Shanghai, Xiamen and other relevant departments have invested a lot of resources to build semiconductor lighting detection centers, which will soon be effective.
2. Characteristics of 2.LED industry development
In recent years, the development of LED industry in China has the following characteristics:
1) the LED industry has developed rapidly, as shown in table1,especially the growth rate of high-brightness led devices is 50%, and the growth rate of chips exceeds 100%.
2) Increase investment. In addition to the government's investment and support, many enterprises have also invested heavily, such as Xiamen Sanan, Shandong Huaguang, Shanghai Blu-ray, Dalian Minglu, Hangzhou Shi Lan Mingxin and Yangzhou Huaxia. , purchase MOCVD and pretreatment chip manufacturing equipment. Several major post-processing packaging enterprises: Xiamen Hualian, Foshan Guoxing, Jiangsu Wenrun, Ningbo Shengpu, Shenzhen Lihong Company, etc. Recently, we have expanded the production scale, moved into a new factory and bought new equipment.
3) The number of newly invested enterprises has increased a lot. In recent years, there are six processing enterprises, hundreds of packaging enterprises and hundreds of application enterprises.
4) The development and promotion of application products have been carried out in an all-round way, and the application varieties have increased rapidly, and the output value of application products has also increased a lot. It is estimated that the new output value will be about 20-30 billion yuan.
5) Pay attention to the formulation of LED standards and the construction of LED detection platform.
Second, the current situation of China LED market
Because LED not only has three advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and long service life, but also has many characteristics, its application scope is constantly expanding and there are many kinds of application products. More and more enterprises have entered the research and development and production of LED application products, and many enterprises that originally produced lighting products and LED products have also entered the research and development and production of LED application products. The LED sales shown in Table 2 refer to the sales of LED devices, excluding LED application products. According to the application scope of LED application products, it is divided into five categories, and the varieties and markets of these application products are introduced and predicted.
1, information display:
Information indication, digital display, display and LED display screen (information display, advertisement, scoreboard) of electronic instruments, equipment, household appliances, etc. At present, the market share is 654.38+00 billion yuan, and the potential market is tens of billions of yuan.
2. Traffic lights:
The existing market share of urban traffic, highway, railway, airport, navigation and river signal lamps is 2 billion yuan, and the potential market is tens of billions of yuan.
3. Backlight:
Backlight is less than 10 inch, which is mainly used for mobile phones, MP3, MP4, PDA, digital cameras and camcorders. Medium area backlight (10~20 inches) is mainly used for computer monitors and monitors. Large area backlight (more than 20 inches), mainly used for color TV display screen. At present, the market share is billions, and the potential market is tens of billions.
4. Car lights: interior and exterior lights, headlights and instruments are lit and displayed. At present, the market share is only a few hundred million, but the potential market is tens of billions.
5. Semiconductor lighting: According to the application scope of existing products, it can be divided into six categories:
1) Outdoor landscape lighting: guardrail lights, projection lights, LED strip lights, LED bulb lights, LED shaped lights, underground lights, lawn lights, underwater lights, etc. At present, there are more than one billion markets and several billion potential markets.
2) Indoor decorative lighting: wall lamps, chandeliers, embedded lamps, corner lamps, flat light-emitting panels, grid lamps, downlights, variable lamps, etc. At present, the market is hundreds of millions of yuan and the potential market is tens of billions of yuan.
3) Special general lighting: portable lighting (flashlights, headlights), low illumination lighting (porch lights, house lights, courtyard lights), reading lights, microscope lights, projection lights, camera flashlights, desk lamps, street lamps, etc. The existing market is more than 2 billion, and the potential market is tens of billions.
4) Safety lighting: miner's lamp, explosion-proof lamp, safety indicator lamp, emergency lamp, etc. At present, the market is only a few hundred million, and the potential market is several billion.
5) Special lighting: military lighting, medical lighting, therapeutic lighting, sterilization lighting, special lighting for crops and flowers, special biological lighting, special LED lamps combined with solar photovoltaic cells, etc. Although the current market share is not large, it is of great significance and high importance, and has a good market development prospect.
6) General lighting: general lighting for offices, shops, hotels and families. Although LED lighting has not officially entered this field at present, with the breakthrough of LED technology and the continuous decline of cost, it is expected to gradually enter the general lighting field within two years, and its potential market is the largest among LED applications, with hundreds of billions of yuan.
Third, suggestions on accelerating the development of LED industry in China.
Although China's LED industry has developed rapidly, there is still a big gap between the technical level and the international level, mainly due to the lack of core technologies with independent property rights. Both high-performance LED and power LED products are imported, and the products are mainly middle and low grade, with small industrialization scale and lack of competitiveness. To this end, on how to accelerate the development of LED industry, the following three suggestions are put forward:
1, increase the government's support and control ability.
1) focuses on supporting the construction of national semiconductor lighting R&D platform, integrating and adjusting scattered and repetitive research institutions, and truly supporting the research and development of core technologies and innovative projects with independent property rights.
2) Under the guidance of the government and macro-control, investment guidance, key support, integration, joint venture and merger will be given to packaging enterprises with small pre-processing scale and qualified post-processing, and resources will be concentrated to expand the scale of industrialization, so that enterprises can have certain competitiveness in the world.
2. Strengthen the basic research and development of LED industry.
1) Strengthen LED epitaxy and chip research and development, mainly to improve the internal quantum efficiency and external quantum efficiency of light emission, improve the performance, stability, consistency and reliability of products, and convert them into industrialized yield, which requires core technologies with independent property rights.
2) Strengthen the research and development of white LED and power LED packaging technology, mainly to improve the luminous efficiency, improve the heat dissipation performance of the substrate, reduce the thermal resistance, improve the anti-light attenuation ability and service life, and improve the uniformity, consistency and reliability of light emission.
3) Strengthen the basic research and development of main raw materials and accessories for LED and key equipment and devices for manufacturing LED. Mainly refers to the substrate, organic source, epoxy resin, silica gel, phosphor, driving ic and key equipment.
4) Strengthen the test and research of LED light, electricity, color, heat and illumination parameters, and study the reliability of LED light source.
3. Expand the application and market of LED products.
Although LED products have a wide range of applications, at present, we should focus on the following three aspects in terms of popularization and application and market development:
1) Increase the research and development of large and medium-sized LED backlights. The market potential is huge and the technology is gradually mature, so it should enter the market as soon as possible.
2) Increase the research and development of various LED lights and displays for automobiles, including front and rear lights, turn signals, side lights, brake lights, headlights and interior lighting and displays. The market has great potential and needs to enter the market as soon as possible.
3) Strengthen the development of semiconductor lighting applications, including landscape lighting, decorative lighting, special general lighting, safety lighting, special lighting and general lighting sources. This is the largest market for LED application and the largest potential market, so we should attach great importance to it and actively invest in application and development.