Specifically, when people encounter success or failure, they will interpret these results according to different factors. If success is due to their own internal factors, such as talent, hard work or skills, then they tend to attribute this success to their own abilities; On the contrary, if the failure is due to their own internal reasons, they tend to attribute this failure to their own incompetence or defects.
But if success or failure is due to external factors, such as luck, opportunity, environment and so on. Then they tend to attribute this result to external factors rather than internal abilities. This attribution not only affects people's evaluation of themselves, but also affects their motivation to continue pursuing their goals.
If success is attributed to a person's inner ability, people will be more motivated to pursue goals and achievements; However, if the failure is attributed to their own incompetence or defects, they may lose motivation, feel bored and depressed. In addition, this attribution will also affect people's evaluation of others and behaviors.
Luck or opportunity is an external factor of instability. Excessive attribution to this factor will lead to people's persistent behavior of "waiting for the opportunity to avoid", which is also disdained by people with high demand for achievement. In short, only when the failure is attributed to internal and external unstable factors, that is, lack of effort and bad luck, can the actor further adhere to the original behavior.
Educational Significance of Weiner's Motivation Attribution Theory
1. Attribution theory: a social cognitive theory about individuals explaining the reasons of others or their own behavior.
2. The purpose is to control people's environment and behaviors under its influence by analyzing and speculating the causal relationship of behaviors.
3. How the perceiver judges and explains the reasons of others' and their own behaviors is the basic problem to be solved by attribution theory.
4. According to different attribution processes and their functions, it tries to explain various attribution principles in order to understand, predict and control its environment and accompanying behaviors.
5.65438-0972 Wiener put forward his own attribution theory based on Hyde's attribution theory and Atkinson's achievement motivation theory.
6. The causes of Wiener's basic consent behavior are divided into internal and external causes, and he also proposed a new dimension, that is, the causes are divided into temporality and stability.
7. The main points of Weiner's attribution theory are: people's personality differences, success or failure experiences and so on affect their attribution; A person's attribution to the last achievement will affect his expectation, mood and effort for the next achievement.
8. Personal expectations, emotions and efforts have great influence on achievement behavior.