Shen Yixiu, whose real name is Wan Jun, was born in Wujiang (now Wujiang, Jiangsu) in the late Ming Dynasty. She is the eldest daughter of Shen Liu, Deputy Minister of Shandong Province.
The natural scenery of Wujiang water town is full of poetry, with Taihu Lake in the west, mountains and rivers connected, and Hucheng Lake in the east, with rippling blue waves. The beautiful scenery of Wujiang gave birth to this intelligent and gentle woman, which made Shen Yixiu's poems more euphemistic in beauty and elegance. On weekdays, she is familiar with classics and history, with a wide range of allusions, writing poems and reciting many works. She was an accomplished poetess in Ming Dynasty. Her works include two volumes of Li Chui Ji, one volume of Plum Blossom Ji and one volume of Arbitrary Four, which was a poem by a famous female poet at that time. In particular, the poems in Gone with the Wind are fresh and elegant, fluent and natural, and each capital is a top-grade work. Its most obvious feature is that it has no greasy boudoir habit. Record the word "happy yarn" for everyone to enjoy:
Light clouds and light wind, picking up the sky, its waist is as soft as Liu Feimian, playing the flute in front of the painting screen.
Poetry is half-ridged grass, birds crow and apricot flowers, and the night is cold and red and wet.
Therefore, Jade Mirror and Yang Qiu commented on Shen Yixiu's poems: "Mrs. Ye's poems are beautiful, slightly lacking in beauty and rigor, and several articles are excellent and quite unique." For example, one of her four five-character poems, Autumn Night in Jinling:
Promoting resentment, the wall is quiet all night.
The moon shines on the ancient window, and Bai Sen is cold.
Being in a foreign land is no different. The river hates it.
The idle clouds are empty and the days are long in Fei Ying.
Rereading her seven-character poem "Autumn Night in Love" has its own uniqueness:
The cool night is long and clear, and dark insects are singing in the grass.
When Gao Lin and Ye Yi just left, they had a short dream, which felt like three nights.
The echo of self-hatred is full of twists and turns, and the idle moon is half bright.
Wen Yuan was sick and tired in autumn, and the west wind shook him for a long time.
Poetry critics agree that "Gao Lin just left, and short dreams suddenly came into being", which is enough to highlight this sentence.
Shen Yixiu was engaged to Ye since he was a child, got married at the age of sixteen and married Ye Jia. Ye, whose real name is Ye, is a Taoist priest with a long history, profound family background, early fame and excellent poetry and prose, and is the author of Jia Yin Ri Zhu, a scholar outside the Hidden Lake. Shen Yixiu and Ye are a literary couple. The two are congenial, "Qiongzhi Yushu, crossing each other" and playing with each other in their spare time. It is unanimously praised by local literati. Besides, Shen Yixiu's personality is also elegant. He disliked powder and heavy makeup all his life. He gets together on holidays and wears light clothes, which is highly respected by Ye, his mother-in-law and his neighbors.
Ye was a scholar during the apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty, and he was the official minister of the Ministry of Industry. During his leaving Wujiang for Beijing, he stayed away from Shen Yixiu. Shen Yixiu felt lonely when the couple left with deep feelings. He wrote the word "Looking at Jiangnan":
The grass by the river, in my opinion, is sad. Lejin is not lonely, but old robes are hard to find and wild fires burn.
Butterflies go, where to ask the return date. A swing of autumn moon and old cold, full of pelican hometown, empty self-blame.
In the text, I miss my husband. Almost every sentence in the whole word uses allusions, but there is no suspicion of rudeness. The author Yao Si's feelings are naturally and strongly expressed through the rendering of the bleak scenery in late autumn.
However, Ye was born in a clean and honest family and was not good at being an official. Later, he returned to his hometown with his mother. After his resignation, he lost his regular source of income, which led to the decline of his family. He often makes ends meet, and even the doctor can't pay for medicine. When he was forced into such a situation, Shen Yixiu and his wife were still living in poverty, and they often read Bao Zhao's "Regret for the Past" together for fun. Shen Yixiu always comforted her husband and said, "Be careful not to worry about poverty! The blessings in the world have been exhausted, and the word' poor' and nature are temporarily deaf! " In the face of poverty, Shen Yixiu can be so open-minded and cheerful. Unlike other people who often whisper to each other because of poverty, he is indeed a husband. However, in the feelings of loving children, there is no way to send away sadness, depression and terminal illness.
Shen Yixiu has five sons and three daughters. Under the influence of family culture, she has her own literary attainments, especially her youngest daughter, Ye Xiaoluan, who is both thoughtful and beautiful and is loved by the whole family. But God didn't help others. Ye Xiaoluan died at the age of seventeen. It never rains but it pours. The eldest daughter, Ye, died of illness because of her younger sister's early death. She is only 23 years old. The two daughters died one after another, only 70 days apart. In her famous poem "Chapter of Daughter Joan in Crying Season": "Seventeen years of poetry, the moon is bright!" "Broken jade bead too early? The soul belongs to nothingness, and the heart is empty! " "I hate Jiang Yan, never heard of it. It's embarrassing to lose more faith. " In her fourth poem "Zhao Qi, the crying eldest daughter", she wrote:
The east wind couldn't reach the spring platform, so the two sisters slept peacefully.
In the drizzle pool, the spring time is cloudy, and the shadows of trees wander at dusk.
Half a life is only accompanied by sadness, and seven years is tasted from boredom.
It's even sadder to mourn for the mothering!
Then there is the word "remembering Qin E, sleepless on a cold night, remembering my dead daughter":
The west wind blows, the sound of bamboo knocking on the rain is cold, and the heart is broken and the ileum is knotted.
Hua Yao teased pear blossoms early, so it's hard to say that fragrant people are far away. Sadness is beyond words. I used to laugh, but now I'm in tears!
Every word in the poem is broken, the heart is tender, the breath is weak and the voice is cracked. Shen Yixiu's Biography of Her Daughter Zhang Qiong, written for Ye Xiaoluan, is informative and touching between the lines, which makes people laugh.
Three years later, bad luck fell from the sky again, and Shen Yixiu and his wife could only pray to God, even their foreheads and knees were swollen. This frequent blow soon passed. After the demise of the Ming Dynasty, Ye Shao Yolanda abandoned her family and became a monk, and died of depression.
Second, the eldest daughter Wan:
Ye, whose real name is Shen Yixiu's eldest daughter. Inspired by her mother's poetic talent, she showed her talent early. She's beautiful. She's got a lot of energy, right? She is knowledgeable and has a calm and solemn manner. She can recite Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow at the age of three, and write poems and lyrics at the age of thirteen. Especially good at calligraphy, vigorous and powerful, with the wind of Jin people. He is the author of the collection of poems "The Legacy of Fang Xuexuan" and the work "Sad Words", with 95 poems and 47 words. "Jade Mirror Autumn" said that she "has beautiful words in her poems and other tunes."
At the age of 16, Ye married her grandson, but her married life was not ideal. According to historical records, she said to her husband, "Every time I try to be patient, my eyebrows are empty and my dreams are sweet." In this view, Ye's husband, even if he has no bad habits, is a mediocre person who only eats and drinks all day long, which is too unsuitable for Ye who is born beautiful and talented. So after seven years of marriage, I have been depressed and worried about my hometown. Only when I go back to my parents' house for a few days can I see her happy face and enjoy the pleasure of singing poems on the moon. Therefore, her poems "have temporary worries, but no words of resentment", and her poems also have a name called "sad words". In his mother's poem "Crying for Zhao Qi, the eldest daughter", "There is only sadness and companionship for half a life, and seven years is boring." Describing Ye's sadness is also a portrayal of Shen Yixiu's inner regret.
The following are copies of Ye's poems and words, from which we can see his sadness and resentment:
Go to Lingxi Road in late spring.
In the spring and autumn of the old garden, the flowers on the stranger look tearful.
Where is the saddest homesickness? At sunset, a lonely boat was moored on the beach.
The nearest flower
The curtain won't roll up all day.
Courtyard depression is half that of Qiu Guang.
Very not easy to get rid of a carefree sorrow, but let China change in the empty pity mirror!
Lonely and fragrant Shimada Hanzo.
I have no reason to think about the past.
It is the ecstasy that is about to break, and several new geese are late.
In the fifth year of Chongzhen, Ye's sister was buying a dowry. When she was about to get married, Ye was writing a poem urging her to get married. Just after writing this poem, Wen Xiaomei died of illness and went home to cry for her sister. She was so sad that she died of illness.
There is also a saying that Wan Wan died before Ye Xiaoluan, as evidenced by Ye Xiaoluan's poem "Crying Sister":
Clouds are far away from the sky, and the moon is heavy.
Poor pear blossoms on a cold night, and the yard is still deep in the spring breeze.
This matter needs to be tested later.
Third and second daughters Ye Xiaowan:
Ye Xiaowan, named Huisi, is the second daughter of Shen Yixiu. Like Ye, she was inspired by her mother, and her poems were beautiful and natural. However, she is a rare female playwright because she is only good at melody. Her uncle, Amin dramatist Shen Zizheng, said: "Ci and Qu flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, but in the end, I don't know who is good at being a woman. Huisi has her talents, and she has never made up the boudoir. " Xiao Wan's talent initiated the creation of female drama.
After the death of her sister, Ye Xiaowan sadly wrote the drama Yuanyang Dream. It's called "Three Immortals Appreciate Phoenix Terrace, Lu Zhenren Seeks Mandarin Duck". The plot is based on their sisters. The third fairy in the play was born in Songling, which means Wujiang. Today, there is still Songling Town in Tuo County, Wujiang. Hui Baifang, the protagonist in the play, is the author's self-reference. She is twenty, Zhao Yun is twenty-three, and Qiong Long is seventeen, which is exactly the age of Ye Xiaowan and her sisters. So all the plays are true feelings, and the words are touching and touching.
The whole drama of "Yuanyang Dream" begins with the lower bound of the West Queen Mother being demoted because of three maids, and then it is divided into four parts under a wedge. On the Mid-Autumn Festival night in the second year of Syria, the Hui family missed Zhao and Joan and could not meet each other. At the same time, it was raining at night, and Qiu Guang was alone, which made them feel sorry for their friends. The third story is that the next day, the servants came to report that Qiong Long Diao had died of illness last night, and Hui hurried to offer her condolences. I suddenly heard that the boy came to report Zhao Zhecheng's death. The fourth is to write Hui Baifang from Joan; After Zhao died. When I realized that I had been executed, I traveled freely to visit Tao to seek the truth. After receiving Lv Chunyang's advice, Hui Tea House backed down, reunited with Zhao and Joan, and went to Yaochi to celebrate the birthday of the Queen Mother of the West.
Za Opera was praised by Jiangnan literati after its writing, and Ye Xiaowan became the first female writer whose works were circulated in the history of China opera. Her father-in-law commented on her work, "Beautiful words, rhythms, and dreams are just below it, still the sound of Wang Jin Bridge in Zhou Xian." Although received rave reviews, this female playwright does have considerable academic attainments, which makes Guan Yunshi and Qiao Ji far behind. The whole drama "Yuanyang Dream" is elegant, elegant and handsome, with a blend of scenes. It is commendable that a 20-year-old woman has made such achievements.
Wu Mei also made a pertinent evaluation of this drama in An Introduction to China's Traditional Opera: "Ye's Dream of Yuanyang is rich in emotion and clear in words. But the brushwork is weak, and you can tell it is women's calligraphy at a glance. The first one is quite elegant. " Ye Xiaowan lived in a secluded boudoir. Her works are hard to get rid of powder and lack of understanding of social life, so the materials are narrow. Even so, Ye Xiaowan, as a female writer who created zaju, still has its due position and has attracted the attention of foreign academic circles. On 1959, Japanese scholar Yasushi Yagi published a monograph on playwrights in the Ming Dynasty in Tokyo. There are nine chapters in the book, one of which (Chapter 9) is devoted to the study and introduction of Ye Xiaowan, which is divided into Ye Xiaowan's family background, works, chronology and Yuanyang Dream.
Fourth, my daughter Ye Xiaoluan:
Ye Xiaoluan, whose real name is Zhang Qiong and Yao Qi, is the third and youngest daughter of Shen Yixiu and is deeply loved by her parents.
According to historical records, Ye Xiaoluan was able to recite Li Sao at the age of four and began to learn piano at the age of sixteen. With a little guidance from the violinist, he can tune and listen clearly. Then he practiced calligraphy every day, and specially improved Wang Zijing's Luo Shen Fu and Huai Su's cursive script, which can be described as a combination of poetry, calligraphy, piano and painting.
Ye Xiaowan is elegant, and her uncle called her "a talented woman with both ability and political integrity". Ye Xiaoluan is "natural and unrestrained in posture and manner", and * * * is quiet and broad-minded. Although she is a woman in the boudoir, she has no smell of powder. When she was twelve years old, she made her masterpiece Spring Breeze and Little Makeup, and she was already showing her talents:
Kagami Akira, draw a pair of moths?
Praise ends at the beginning, and the warbler is singing outside the willow.
In the future, Ye Xiaoluan's poems will be more fresh and elegant, without coquettish gesture. For example, "seeing Sister Huisi off in spring" is a must:
Willow smoke always sends the sad people away.
Only the wave seems to be far away from hate, and * * * is accompanied by the bright moon.
Appreciate the word "Huanxisha spring boudoir" again;
Quting is full of green shadows, and red makeup is light in spring. The smell was so sparse that the whole hospital drew curtains. Draw a bridge, water worries about the sunset, and flying flowers float in the east wind. I can't help languishing in the spring.
Another example is the word "south grid":
The door is quiet and the window is idle. Half a pavilion is surrounded by fragrant fog, and the mangrove forest is light smoke. Look across the building. The clouds are light and the wind is light, and the wind comes to mend the cold sleeves. Chang 'e's eyebrows are small and curved, and flowers are clustered, which is only difficult to climb.
After the engagement with Zhang Liping in Kunshan, the Ye family became poorer and poorer, and the wedding day was approaching, but their parents were unable to arrange the dowry, so they took pains to borrow money to buy it. Xiao Luan was very unhappy and comforted his father, saying, "Chai Jing's cloth skirts are very common among the poor. Why bother your father?" In just a few words, we can see that Ye Xiaoluan is unfair, smart, beautiful and elegant. Unexpectedly, he died only five days after his divorce, at the age of sixteen. Unfortunately, Ye Xiaoluan lost a generation of talents and left at a young age.
Although Ye Xiaoluan is a short-lived boudoir writer, her life journey is only sixteen years, but her rich literary works are eternal, shining brilliantly up to now, and praised by later generations.
After Ye Xiaoluan's collection of poems "Xiangting Collection", he lamented and spoke highly of it: "Poetry is comparable to the ancients, and the winners are different; There is a deep sadness between the lines, and it is concise, and it tells your true sadness between the lines. The chapter is full of fun, and the wind is scattered, and the export is in the heart. Although celebrities in the Tang and Song Dynasties, they should also avoid seats. " In the book "Jade Mirror Autumn", it is commented that Ye Xiaoluan's prose has a profound foundation. "A beautiful article is easy to write. Qiu Si has a preface and several serial articles, which are wonderful; " The story of Hu Fen Si Tong is very similar to that of Europe. Although it uses a little legendary style, it is full of aesthetic feeling and cannot be read at once, especially good articles.
Summary of verb (verb): Shen Yixiu's family is really a literary family. She and her three daughters are both rich in literary talent, which is the first person in Wu's female poetry. Ye Shao and Yolanda, who understand the important principle, know that the four mothers and daughters are both literary talents, which is really rare in the world. He carefully compiled the poems and songs of the four women and carved them into the Complete Works of Wumengtang. The following is a set of poems sung by their mother and daughter to appreciate each other, so as to appreciate the literary atmosphere of their family.
Shen Yixiu wrote a small preface before the word "water": "Ding Mao, I rule the city with officials. All brothers will try and meet each other in autumn. After Shao Zhong moved to the north, he went to Zhong Yan alone. I lived in seclusion for three years. Give this ambition.
The anvil knocks on thousands of doors, the smoke is thin, and it is funny to cross the sun. When the lotus song stops, the dogwood room will be picked, and it will be green. Martial arts are plain and light. Sighing for no reason, Taicheng willow color, it is difficult to ban a lot of weight loss.
The ancient road is Chang' an and rambling. Do I deserve sympathy? Red rain is sunny, blue columns are big, and silver leaks at night; There are no books in the wild goose, but the light is empty and the green is sprinkled. I thought Bai Fuqing left double sleeves in tears. "
Ye Wan Wan's poem "Shui Long Yin" also has a small preface, saying: "Two rhymes, feeling old in early autumn, written by two sisters."
It is windy and rainy, bleak and full of autumn sounds. The fragrance disappears, the grass is destroyed by green, and the smoke is far away; The sky waves are rolling, the clouds are light and the wind is light, and it is thin and cool. I hate the west wind. I'm bored, but I'm thin in the mirror.
Lonely garden in autumn, do you know the feeling at the end? The eaves bell knocks on the iron, the column altar smashes jade, and the hearing is even more leaking. The bright moon tilts the curtain, and the small court bends the sill, which also tilts. Never feel sad, why use empty shirt sleeves! "
Ye Xiaoluan also wrote a poem "Hidden in the Water", which was preceded by a small preface: "The second mother's" Remembering the Past "Qiu Si, whose father was fighting. !
Bananas are pattering and the rain is intermittent. The railing is extremely eye-catching, the flat forest is picturesque, and the clouds are low and late. At the beginning of the golden wind, dew and cold light appeared at first sight. I miss the red-headed trees and leaves. They have all fallen, leaving only the green hills and thin trees.
Ask autumn sky again, did Song Yu know that year? Half a curtain of fragrant fog, a smoky moon, several residual leakage; Singing on the four walls, flying geese and sprinkling cups. When the hedge is full of yellow flowers, pick the dark fragrant sleeves. "
Reading this fresh, elegant, affectionate and gentle harmonious word, it is not difficult to imagine that the talented women in Ye family have a carefree mood of "painting flowers and plants, carving the moon and cutting clouds", do not like rhetoric, sweep away the habits of the boudoir, and even become a wizard among female poets, which has a certain influence in Wu real estate, and many women are eager to follow suit. Therefore, Qian, a celebrity in the Qing Dynasty, spoke highly of them than the average person: "After having Ye's mother and daughter, they were all aunts, and then they took care of their Zhang, abandoned the group and made them on the Mausoleum of Mosongling by the lake. The boudoir was beautiful and prosperous, and they were entrusted with a heavy responsibility." Ye's beautiful and euphemistic poems inspired women who had been isolated from literature, and created the atmosphere of Wu women learning poetry and literature.