According to the plan, after the spacecraft enters the orbit, it will adopt the autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mode, and form an assembly with the Tianhe core module and the Tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft. After successful docking, China astronauts will enter their own space station for the first time and live in the space station for three months, completing the key technologies of space station construction and operation, such as long-term residence, regenerative life support, space material supply, extravehicular activity, extravehicular operation and on-orbit maintenance.
In the eyes of most people, China's space flight is a mystery. The outside world cannot know the detailed data, and even the proportion of talents inside is not particularly clear. I only know that Yang Hong is the chief designer of China Space Station and Yang Changfeng is the chief designer of Beidou satellite. These are the main builders, most of whom are around 60 years old.
But where there is a master, there are disciples. Specially checked the schools that send talents: Harbin Institute of Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Beihang University, etc. Most of them come from these schools, which are also the most important bases for aerospace talents in China. Perhaps many young people among them have been delivering talents for China's space flight in obscurity, which has led to today's achievements.
The successful launch was Shenzhou XII, which belongs to the twelfth Shenzhou series. After the establishment of 1992, our Shenzhou series has also gone through 29 years. From Shenzhou 1 to Shenzhou 12, the launch success rate is 100%, making it one of the highest manned spacecraft in the world. Before and after 10 astronauts took off on Shenzhou series spacecraft, which is the only manned spacecraft in China.
Shenzhou series spacecraft is a domestic Kirin operating system with completely independent intellectual property rights in China. The spacecraft adopts three cabins and one section, which consists of a return cabin, an orbital cabin, a propulsion cabin and an additional section, and consists of a 13 subsystem. Spacecraft is a structure, which can be spliced at any time. Just like Tetris, it can be spliced and disassembled, with high safety, low cost and high substitution.
The return cabin, also known as the cockpit, is the astronaut's "cab". The orbital module is called multifunctional hall, which is mainly used for working, eating, sleeping and cleaning, similar to our room.
Propulsion cabin is also called instrument cabin or equipment cabin, which contains engine and propellant, but astronauts do not provide oxygen and water.
The additional segment, also known as the transition segment, is used to prepare for future rendezvous and docking with another spacecraft or space station. Before manned flight and rendezvous and docking, he can also install various instruments for space exploration.
We usually see that the appearance of a spaceship is a long cylinder with wings spread, which mainly absorbs solar energy and provides energy. The outer layer is wrapped in white, mainly reflecting light. In space, cosmic radiation is very strong, and white absorbs less light and heat than dark color. Here's a brief explanation. If you want to talk more about this, I don't think I can finish it in a few days, and we don't need to know too much. You can go and see it sometime.
The manned spacecraft can't take off by several cabins, and the thrust is far from enough. In fact, there is another big guy, the launch vehicle, which is the only tool for human beings to overcome the gravity of the earth and enter space.
China's self-developed space launch vehicle, the Long March launch vehicle, began in the 1960s and was first used for strategic missiles. Later, after a series of stages, it developed into a launch vehicle. But its volume is greatly increased, and it consists of four liquid boosters, a core first-stage rocket, a core second-stage rocket, a fairing and an escape tower. What we often see now is that the rocket has been assembled with the spacecraft, standing on the launch tower, surrounded by four boosters.
When standing, the lower part is mainly the engine and fuel, and the upper part is the real place of the spacecraft, wrapped in a huge shell. When the engine starts, it will generate huge thrust and vibration, pushing the rocket and spacecraft to slowly lift off.
Then when they reach a certain distance, the booster separates, the fairing falls off, and the rocket and spacecraft separate.
For example, the Long March II F- 12 carrier rocket used by China this time has a take-off weight of 479 tons and can launch a 44-ton spacecraft at one time. There is also the Long March 9 launch vehicle being developed. This guy weighs 4000 tons and can launch a spacecraft weighing 150 tons into low earth orbit at one time. Only in this way can China's rockets truly stand in the first echelon of the second echelon.
Since the first satellite was launched by the former Soviet Union, many countries have developed their own manned spacecraft, such as Russian Soyuz spacecraft, American Mercury spacecraft and private Dragon manned spacecraft.
So China's manned spaceship is Shenzhou, but why it is called Shenzhou actually has a history. Might as well take a look below.
According to the data, from June 5438 to June 0992, from June 5438 to October 5438, after the CPC Central Committee decided to carry out China's manned spaceflight project, what should be the name of this world-famous "China No.1 Ship" to be worthy of China No.1 Ship? After many discussions, it finally issued a notice to all the units involved in spacecraft development: "Call for the name of China spacecraft".
Soon, many names with China characteristics, such as Huaxia, Kyushu, Longteng and Shenzhou, were recommended and finally sent to the manned space office. After careful consideration, the Manned Space Office suggested that China's spacecraft be named after Shenzhou.
Literally, "Shenzhou" means "the divine ship of Tianhe" and is also the homonym of "Shenzhou", which symbolizes that the development of spacecraft has been supported by the people of the whole country and is the product of all-round cooperation from all walks of life. At the same time, "Shenzhou" is full of pride and spirit, which shows that the whole Chinese nation will be extremely proud of the birth of the spacecraft.
At the beginning of 1994, the name "Shenzhou" finally stood out from many schemes. Since then, China's self-made manned spacecraft has a name-"Shenzhou".
final result
I also watched a lot of news these days. The space station not only has a simple UI interface, but also has a Kirin operating system. The interface is also in Chinese font, which is really made in China.
It is said that foreign astronauts are working hard to learn Chinese, and they have also shown a few words of Chinese of terrapin, hoping to board the space station in China as soon as possible.
This article is much better if it is deleted and cut, which is difficult to write because it requires too much technology, and there are mistakes and mistakes. If it's not well written, you can tell me. Use the simplest word, skip. I hope you can understand.