The whole process of software project can be divided into: project establishment stage, construction stage and completion stage. Different stages have different emphases. In order to ensure the quality of software project development, avoid the cost increase caused by uncertain requirements or frequent changes, and also be conducive to project cost estimation, it is best to adopt the principle of "overall planning and phased implementation" in software project construction.
Project establishment stage: professional technical consulting institutions or experts can be entrusted to conduct feasibility analysis and demand analysis of the project; According to the demand analysis, carry out system design; According to demand analysis and system design, calculate workload and estimate project construction cost (budget); Bid according to the project budget, determine the software developer and sign the construction contract.
Construction stage: Software developers code according to preliminary requirements analysis and system design, and are responsible for installation, implementation, operation and maintenance. After the implementation of the project, it is necessary to entrust a third-party testing organization to conduct acceptance testing.
Completion stage: after the completion of the project, in the case of great changes in demand, professional and technical institutions can be entrusted to estimate the project cost (final accounts) according to the actual workload, and the project is over.
Second, the cost structure of each stage.
All the expenses of each stage can be divided into four categories:
Consulting fee: including the cost of project feasibility analysis, demand analysis, system design, evaluation and bidding.
Service fees: acceptance test fees of third-party testing institutions, supervision fees of supervision units, data scanning and data processing fees, etc.
Construction cost: the working cost of software developers in development, implementation and maintenance. Include software development fee, system implementation fee and operation and maintenance fee.
Surcharge: used for software development projects with special attributes. For example, if you need to submit the source program, you must increase the intellectual property fee; Where confidentiality is involved, the confidentiality fee shall be increased.