Enterprises can't informatization for the sake of informatization, and informatization is just a means and method for enterprises to implement informatization.
Without successful enterprise reform, there can be no successful enterprise informatization.
Why is the implementation of enterprise informatization a process of transforming enterprises and deepening enterprise reform?
Many enterprises attach great importance to informatization, spend a lot of time, energy and expenses on informatization, and the level of research and development is constantly improving, but the actual application situation is not very good, and the role of informatization in enterprises has not achieved the expected effect. The author has been engaged in the research and development of enterprise informatization for a long time. According to personal experience and investigation, the role of enterprise informatization has not achieved the expected effect. The reason lies not in information technology, management system providers and system design, but in the understanding of enterprise informatization, especially the lack of ideological preparation of enterprise legal persons for informatization.
Understand the problems existing in enterprise informatization
I don't realize that enterprise informatization is essentially a systematic project of enterprise reform. Enterprise informatization serves for enterprise restructuring or reorganization. Enterprises can't informatization for the sake of informatization. It is just a means and method for enterprises to implement informatization. Its real purpose is to study, research and apply advanced management ideas, methods and technologies at home and abroad. The main purpose of enterprise informatization is to promote the reorganization and reorganization of enterprises and straighten out their business and organization. The ultimate goal is to improve the management level and core competitiveness of enterprises and create value for enterprises. Otherwise, what is the significance of enterprise informatization?
Without successful enterprise reform, there can be no successful enterprise informatization. In the wave of informatization, software developers and information system integrators have introduced one new concept after another. Under this trend, some enterprises do not start with the basic work of enterprise informatization, but first design the indicators of enterprise informatization in computer technology and information technology, thinking that as long as these technical indicators are reached, enterprise informatization will be completed. As software developers and information system integrators, it is understandable to do so for their own development and interests. However, as the person in charge or director of enterprise informatization, the success of enterprise informatization is only an extravagant hope, and no computer technology can replace the reform and transformation of the enterprise itself. Enterprise informatization must be based on a good enterprise operation system consistent with the enterprise development strategy. Enterprise informatization based on enterprise operation system without enterprise development strategy and business objectives has no development potential. In other words, if there is no operating system and management mode to design the business system of an enterprise, then no matter how advanced the business system is and how complete its functions are, such a system can't help the enterprise and improve its management level. Unless the enterprise wants to reform the management mode and business process according to the management idea of this business system, it is necessary to re-establish the management system.
Insufficient understanding of the importance and seriousness of enterprise informatization and insufficient ideological preparation. Most enterprises are biased against enterprise informatization, and think that enterprise informatization is based on high-end computer and network systems, plus high-end application software. I don't want to spend time and money to sort out the management system and business process of the enterprise. If enterprise informatization does not start from the basic work, enterprise management and business work have no standards (including business processes, management systems, organizational responsibilities and resource coding) and necessary corporate culture (such as open, fair, democratic and transparent management, and the habit of doing things according to procedures and rules and regulations, etc.). ), even if the enterprise information system is no matter how good, what's the use!
As a legal person, enterprises have not realized that they should be the irreplaceable subject of enterprise informatization. Some enterprises hand over the work of enterprise informatization to computer personnel from the beginning, which is completely completed by information technology personnel. We already know that enterprise informatization involves a series of changes such as enterprise management system reform, management process reengineering, management means innovation and management organization reorganization. Such a major issue concerning the future, destiny and management system of an enterprise is completely handed over to information technology professionals, regardless of whether the enterprise legal person asks or not. Can this information system meet the development needs of enterprises?
Insufficient understanding of the influence of long-term work habits and business processes on enterprise informatization. In the initial stage of enterprise informatization, the information system will be unstable and the amount of data input will be large, which will also bring some troubles to users. The system lacks some flexibility, which requires users to adapt to the system, and sometimes it will be repeated. In other words, in the initial stage of enterprise informatization construction, there will be various problems and difficulties, and some will even complain. At this time, the attitude of the top management of enterprises is particularly important. On the one hand, don't be confused by these phenomena, on the other hand, we should overcome difficulties, organize forces to solve problems in time, encourage direct builders of informatization, enhance confidence and get through the painful period of enterprise informatization construction as soon as possible.
In addition, some enterprises can see the phenomenon and behavior that rule by man is greater than rule by law in management. Because the enterprise system is not perfect, some leaders are used to being asked or expressed by others. This kind of behavior can not be said to be a power game behavior, nor can it be said to be a hierarchical concept, but at least it is an irregular management method, which shows its "value". Some employees always want to be "confirmed" by their superiors in order to reduce their responsibilities. However, due to the lack of strict management procedures and brainstorming process, that is, business processes, enterprises governed by people will inevitably produce some non-programmed and arbitrary management behaviors, which are unacceptable to modern enterprise management.
Enterprise informatization needs to establish modern enterprise culture.
When enterprises encounter problems in the process of informatization, they seldom reflect on how they do informatization, how much effort they have made in informatization, their own management system, enterprise environment or enterprise culture. Instead, they blame the problem on management technology, computer software or software developers. They did not seriously consider the requirements of modern management technology for enterprises; They also don't realize that enterprises must have a good corporate culture if they want to implement modern enterprise management technology. For example, in the construction enterprises in China, construction project management is the core business of the enterprise, and modern project management technology is the first choice of the enterprise. But modern project management technology requires:
There must be clear management objectives. Project management is a process of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and controlling the project under certain constraints, and it is a management activity centered on target control.
There must be a clear management responsibility and assessment basis. Defining the project management responsibility is an important prerequisite for implementing the project management responsibility, controlling the project and achieving the project management objectives. Clear project evaluation basis is an important means to promote and motivate project business process and organize better operation.
Business disclosure must be managed. Modern project management technology requires the formulation and decomposition of project management responsibilities and objectives, and the management business process, system, performance evaluation, supervision and reward methods are transparent and open.
Must be people-oriented. Modern project management pays attention to giving full play to people's enthusiasm and creativity. Without the enthusiasm of the project manager, modern project management technology cannot be popularized and applied. Because the enterprise is in the leading position and the project organization is in the leading position, the people who are led have more or less thoughts and behaviors against leadership. Without the enforcement of leaders and the enthusiasm of project managers, even the best technology is difficult to effectively promote and apply, and it cannot directly bring benefits to users (project managers).
Must be managed equally. In the modern project management system, there is no hierarchical concept, only strict business processes, posts and roles, and each post and role has clear responsibilities and tasks. This is a democratic and clear management method.
There must be clear management authority. On the basis of defining the management responsibility of the project manager, the company as a legal person must fully authorize the project manager, so that the project manager has room to display his talents; Within the enterprise, functional departments and project management departments must be clearly divided in order to restrict each other and achieve the function of power balance.
We must be honest and responsible for the enterprise as a legal person. All personnel involved in project management must be honest to ensure the correctness and timeliness of project statistics and reported data. Some work in project management is directly needed by the project organization, and some work is needed by the enterprise legal person in order to accumulate management experience. It cannot be said that the work that the enterprise legal person needs the project organization to complete is extra work, which increases the burden of the project organization, and the project organization must be responsible for the enterprise legal person.
Enterprises lack the ability to popularize modern enterprise management technology.
The above problems show that the problems existing in enterprise informatization are no longer problems in management technology and computer technology, but more and more concentrated in enterprise management mode, management system, organization and organizational behavior. These problems still exist in many domestic enterprises and project organizations, which makes some management systems with advanced management ideas lose their due effectiveness. For example, in the project management of many domestic construction enterprises, either centralized project management mode or decentralized project management mode is adopted. The outstanding performance of centralized project management mode is that power is concentrated in the upper level and everything goes through the upper level; Decentralized project management mode is mainly manifested in the project contracting system and the accounting system of the project management department, that is, the project management department undertakes the project in the name of the company as a legal person, organizes the production factors by itself, and the rest is owned by the project management department except paying a certain management fee to the enterprise. These two management modes completely violate the concept of modern project management and cannot meet the requirements of modern project management informationization.
This is true for enterprises engaged in project management business, and so are other businesses. The reason why some effective management technologies at home and abroad are difficult to be popularized and applied in some enterprises is, in the final analysis, the problem of enterprise ability, that is, enterprises lack the ability to popularize modern enterprise management technologies.
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