1 characteristics of engineering construction quality management
As a systematic project, project quality management includes feasibility study, survey and design, construction, completion acceptance and other stages. Engineering construction management is the process of the formation of engineering entities and plays a decisive role in engineering quality. Based on this, project construction quality management plays an important role in the whole process of project quality management. Project construction quality management refers to the management measures chosen to ensure the quality of the project in all construction processes. The construction of engineering projects involves a wide range of factors, and the design, materials, machinery, topography and geology will have a serious impact on the construction quality of engineering projects. Therefore, we should fully understand the quality characteristics of the project, as follows: Applicability: it can also be called function, which is all the attributes of the project to meet the purpose of use. Durability: also known as service life, refers to the engineering service life that meets the specified functional requirements under specified conditions. In other words, the effective service life after the completion of the project. Safety: the degree to which structural safety is guaranteed, and the degree to which people and the environment are protected from harm after the completion of the project in use. Reliability: the ability to complete the specified functions under the specified time and conditions. Economy: expenses and consumption from planning, survey, design and construction to the whole life cycle of the project. Aesthetics: the appearance modeling and decorative art of engineering projects. Coordination between the environment: the coordination between the project and the nearby ecological environment, the coordination between the project and the regional economic environment or the coordination with the nearby built projects should conform to the concept of sustainable development.
2 the content of construction quality management of engineering projects
2. 1 Quality management in construction preparation stage
Before construction, the geological, topographic, temperature, climate, hydrological and other conditions near the project construction should be investigated in detail, and the traffic conditions, raw materials and mechanical quality on site should be investigated. On this premise, relevant experiments should be carried out to master the key points of new technology in advance, so as to effectively improve the level of construction technology. Calculate the materials department of the project department to purchase raw materials or semi-finished products according to the budget and put forward various plans for materials. According to the construction budget, carry out quantity research, and formulate material reserve quota and consumption quota in combination with the construction progress. , prepare the material consumption plan. After approval, timely organize materials to enter the site, and rationally allocate equipment and machines according to the construction characteristics, quality objectives and schedule.
2.2 Quality management in the construction stage
2.2. 1 define the quality responsibility. Clarify the quality responsibility and authority of relevant functional departments in the manufacturing process, clarify the quality responsibility and authority of on-site and various personnel, and accurately determine the relevant quality business processing methods and procedures.
2.2.2 Strengthen pre-job training. Carry out a variety of quality awareness education activities and carry out on-the-job training in a planned and organized way, so as to improve the professional skills and quality control ability of construction personnel.
2.2.3 The equipment guarantee system is perfect. Strictly implement the equipment maintenance system to ensure the equipment meets the product quality requirements.
2.2.4 Do a good job in quality inspection: (1) Strictly control the "three customs", that is, materials, processes and finished products; (2) Do the "four noes", that is, unqualified materials cannot be selected, unqualified processes cannot be transferred, unqualified components cannot be accepted, and unqualified building products cannot be delivered for use.
2.2.5 Quality information management control. Through quality information management, real-time statistics and analysis of engineering quality can be carried out, which is an important means to dynamically master quality. By establishing the on-site quality information network and process, the construction personnel are required to keep the original records, summarize, analyze and give feedback in time. At the same time, by selecting the control chart, the quality information is processed, thus improving the level of process quality control.
2.2.6 completes the process quality control points. Engineering quality control point refers to the quality characteristics, key parts, weak links and leading factors as the control focus in the product production process. When setting process quality control points, quality characteristic values and process factors should be fully considered. At the same time, evaluate and identify the machines and tools selected by quality control points in advance, and do a good job of spot inspection and maintenance.
2.3 Quality Management in Completion Acceptance Stage
The product quality control formed by the completion of the construction process is the quality management in the acceptance stage, including: after the completion of the project, the project is evaluated through on-site inspection by relevant personnel, including the technical director of the project organizing professional personnel such as project technology and quality. After receiving the evaluation results, the quality supervision department shall verify the quality grade. If there is a construction quality problem, we should do a good job of analysis and choose effective measures to deal with it in time. Subsequently, according to the contract, the professional and technical personnel of the project department need to prepare the project completion documents to prepare for the project handover. Finally, make good protection.
3 project construction quality management measures
At present, the operation of the project construction quality management system has achieved good results and can effectively meet the current quality management requirements. However, there are still some problems in the specific work. In order to effectively improve the quality management level of project construction, it is necessary to formulate project quality objectives and improve the quality of construction personnel. Only in this way can we give full play to the role of quality management.
3. 1 Establishment of project quality objectives
According to the relevant laws and regulations and engineering quality acceptance standard system, according to the summary and characteristics of engineering construction, engineers need to work out detailed engineering quality target standards in combination with the requirements of the owner. Relevant management personnel should formulate technical measures and organizational measures, implement professional project supervision and ensure the overall quality of the project construction on the premise of defining the project quality objectives.
3.2 Establish and improve the responsibility system
As the essential requirement of engineering construction quality management, we must improve the responsibility system and implement the responsibility to people. On this basis, according to the project construction objectives, improve the system, coordinate the work, and implement the responsibilities. At this stage, it is necessary to clarify the division of labor and post responsibilities of the staff and sign a letter of responsibility with the person in charge of the post. Through the formulation of quality inspection and acceptance system and other related quality work systems, relevant quality work procedures are formulated to standardize and program the engineering quality work. Then establish a communication and coordination system, requiring some post personnel to communicate and coordinate with contractors and construction personnel regularly to ensure the rationality of construction technology and the rationality of material use.
3.3 Strengthen the quality management team and improve the quality of construction personnel.
Under the current quality management system, there are many problems such as unreasonable management institutions and shortage of professionals, which lead to the weakening of quality management functions and reduce the quality level of engineering construction. Therefore, the professional skills training of construction personnel must be included in the overall planning of project education and training, and the training of construction quality management knowledge, policies and regulations must be carried out in a planned and organized manner. At the same time, the content of quality management should be clarified, the quality of construction personnel should be improved in an all-round way, and professionals should be introduced fairly, justly and reasonably to effectively improve the engineering quality assurance ability.
4 conclusion
To sum up, with the deepening of reform and opening up, China's marketization has steadily advanced, and great changes have taken place in engineering construction. In order to optimize the allocation of resources and improve the construction efficiency and quality management level, we must attach importance to quality management. According to the relevant laws and regulations of project construction, construction enterprises are required to uniformly check the quality of each stage of project construction. Through the extensive application of quality management measures, it will have a significant impact on quality management concepts and construction operations. Therefore, construction enterprises must attach importance to the selection of quality management characteristics and methods, fully understand and analyze its concept, and take scientific and effective measures to deal with it in time. Only in this way can we ensure the overall improvement of project construction quality and promote the sustainable development of project construction.
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