1. e-commerce development
E-commerce is a new modern business model, which has developed rapidly since 1995, showing great modern business value. From 65438 to 0997, the governments of Europe, the United States, Singapore and other countries issued the development outline of e-commerce, aiming at guiding the free competition and healthy development of global e-commerce and vigorously promoting the practice of e-commerce. Our government's development program will also be issued in the near future to promote China enterprises to adapt to international development and participate in international competition. It is reasonable to believe that in the 2 1 century, e-commerce will gradually become the main way of social life and the foundation of digital society.
E-commerce activity is a modern way to conduct business activities through public computer communication network, which will break through the time and geographical limitations of traditional commerce and become a convenient, fast, safe and reliable emerging e-commerce activity mode. E-commerce makes modern business activities safe, reliable, fast, clear and convenient. We can carry out e-commerce activities anytime and anywhere through the Internet. Because e-commerce involves many aspects such as society, economy, finance, law and life, there are certain difficulties and problems. On the one hand, its healthy development requires fundamental changes in people's work and lifestyle, concepts and management methods; On the other hand, national macro-control and management need to legislate and standardize e-commerce; In addition, technical safety must be perfect and reliable.
The development of e-commerce will gradually change our way of life and work. The management and business activities of face-to-face negotiation and paper exchange have gradually changed into digital activities completed by computer remote operation. Without the limitation of time, space and artificial conditions, people's life and work will become convenient, flexible and free. In particular, access to information, transmission of information, various service activities, payment and delivery methods will all undergo fundamental changes. Any legal organization, company or even individual can become a global information publisher by establishing their own websites on the Internet. The acquisition of information has a wide range of contents and selectivity; Commodity understanding, contract negotiation and transaction in trade and business activities are all completed through internet information and network software. Enterprise administration will enter the electronic office mode, and checks, counters, insurance, investment, corporate banks and family banks in financial services will be moved to the network. The use and development of digital electronic silver coins provide convenient conditions for people to carry out cross-regional commercial and financial activities. Humans will inevitably get used to living with computers and adapt to the digital existence in the era of e-commerce.
E-commerce has completely changed the way we do business today, because people can handle business at home without time and space restrictions. Small companies can also make global online orders and complete global business activities. More and more electronic money (credit cards, digital cash, etc. Online payment is used in electronic transactions, and people are no longer limited to the carrying and use of physical cash. Companies, shops and banks will not distinguish the size by the number of people, the number of branches and the scale, but arrange the economic seats by the turnover and the amount of information exchange. E-commerce will grow at a huge speed and bring great influence to the financial industry. The world economic and financial situation will also be deeply affected. The breakthrough of information exchange and digital electronic money in space and region will promote economic development, but it will also bring difficulties in economic and financial management. All countries need to formulate relevant laws and regulations to regulate the market; Combined with technical safety control, it ensures the healthy development of this emerging business model and market.
2. The content and practice of e-commerce
E-commerce directly involves national laws, trade, finance, materials, circulation, information exchange, infrastructure and other aspects. Therefore, the promotion of e-commerce needs to establish a good e-commerce environment.
E-commerce actually moves people's business activities in traditional offices, shopping malls, banks and management departments to a public media, that is, the computer Internet. E-commerce covers a wide range, including online management, online banking, online ordering, online trading, online marketing, marketing, advertising, home banking, shopping and telecommuting. The application of e-commerce can be divided into three aspects: business-to-business, business-to-consumer and information release.
1) Business-to-business: Business-to-business is a business activity between enterprises. Including ordering, contract, settlement, cooperation, management and so on. E-commerce can directly order, settle accounts and deliver goods online, thus shortening the business operation cycle and improving business efficiency. The close relationship between manufacturers, markets and wholesalers. It is conducive to providing comprehensive commercial services, especially chain operation services.
2) Business-to-consumer: Business-to-consumer is a form of directly facing the final consumer. E-commerce is an information-based business process, which strengthens the contact with customers through online advertising, market development, online ordering and online customer service. Save time and labor and business services. At present, this service mainly involves air ticket booking, hotel registration, online bookstore, online shopping mall and other services.
3) Information release: In e-commerce, new information products are not only convenient to query, but also very practical, such as e-books, application software and application information. E-commerce and media combine to develop markets and services. The new mode of e-commerce based on information has created new social market activities of e-commerce marketing, online advertising and online consumption.
4) Online management: Through the communication foundation of the Internet, people can conduct remote transaction management, such as online financial management, online consultation, online teaching, online medical treatment, online investment, online entertainment and online life.
E-commerce has produced a new type of market, which is as follows:
New ways to provide online browsing, product selection and electronic money support on the network;
Create new products and services on public networks;
Provide secure transmission information on public network;
Create a digital economic environment and living environment;
Form an online digital consumer market.
Now many online banks, online shopping malls and online bookstores are open, and online marketing and online advertising are developing. People have gradually entered the era of e-commerce and carried out activities such as telecommuting, online shopping, online trading and online consumption.
3. E-commerce issues
Because e-commerce activities are not limited by time and space, national boundaries will disappear to some extent. Trade and financial services will become global activities. World business competition is more intense. At the same time, e-commerce needs to deal with all aspects of information flow, logistics and capital flow in order to operate and develop healthily. Information flow must reach a certain level in manageability, security, timeliness, confidentiality, flexibility and internationalization before it can be reliably applied to e-commerce. The development of e-commerce will face the following challenges:
Legal and regulatory issues brought by e-commerce, digital signature, electronic transaction and management system;
National development strategy in the new period;
Distribution, support and management of digital electronic money;
Security and confidentiality of public network information;
Reliable financial transaction processing and management involving a large number of days;
Development and utilization of economic information and security issues;
Development, competition and standardization of emerging enterprises;
Transformation and adaptation of traditional business and system;
The influence and competition of powerful international institutions;
Talent cultivation in the era of e-commerce.
In this era of e-commerce, we should accomplish the following important tasks:
1) Establish and improve China's e-commerce laws;
China should participate in the formulation of laws and regulations in this field, formulate regulations suitable for China's national conditions, and protect China's national industries. Otherwise, it will only passively implement the legal norms formulated by others, which will damage China's economy and other aspects. For example, the issue of digital signature is not involved in China's negotiable instrument law. The validity of the original legal signature needs to be stamped or signed on the paper. Legislation should be considered to meet the demand of digital signature in e-commerce.
2) government policy guidance
Relevant policies can be formulated to encourage and stimulate the development of e-commerce. Promote the development of e-commerce and improve the competitiveness of China. We can first carry out pilot projects in the region, formulate local laws and regulations, form a good e-commerce environment, and then push it to the whole country.
3) Establish a certification body
The establishment of authentication center is the key to the establishment of online banking. Only by establishing a better authentication system can online banking develop better, realize online payment and truly realize electronic shopping. National management departments should coordinate their work and form a system.
4) Other management aspects
Password legality, password management, information monitoring and other issues. , need national overall planning, division of labor and cooperation, system management.
5) Cultivate management talents to adapt to the era of e-commerce.
The era of e-commerce needs high-quality talents, and it is necessary to face the development of science and technology in 2 1 century and strengthen the quality education of management cadres. In particular, e-commerce training is given to managers, so that managers can adapt to the working life style of digital society and network world, master e-commerce methods and participate in the competition of the world economy.
4. The prospect of electronic commerce
2 1 century will enter the era of e-commerce, which is the necessity of social development. We will have no choice but to live in the e-commerce era. How to face the way of e-commerce, how to adapt to digital survival and actively participate in international competition in the era of e-commerce is a major issue involving the development and survival of everyone, every enterprise, every department and every country, and it is also a strategic issue that the national management department should plan and promote its development now.
At present, e-commerce has been rapidly developed and practiced in the world, and will occupy a leading position in international business and social life. It is estimated that by the year 2000, the electronic trade volume will be hundreds of billions of dollars, and a worldwide electronic commerce environment will be formed. China's research on e-commerce has gradually deepened and taken action in practice. China's administrative departments should cooperate closely with other countries, formulate corresponding laws, regulations and technical standards, and create a good e-commerce environment in time. Commercial departments should fully understand the social, economic and life characteristics of e-commerce, the ways and means of e-commerce activities, the development and application performance of e-commerce, so that managers can be familiar with the e-commerce environment, gradually enter e-commerce activities, conduct e-commerce management, and finally participate in international competition in the e-commerce era.