A Beijing media reported in August this year that in the coastal city of Rizhao, nearly 400 Beijingers have bought houses in the local "Professor Garden" community, and 9 of them have become professors in Peking University.
It is reported that a real estate company from a coastal city will also open a shuttle bus at Peking University on National Day to pick up and drop off teachers who want to see the house for free.
Just when some university teachers had the money to buy houses in different places, one of their colleagues, A Yi, declared on the Internet that he could only "make a living" on his salary. For a time, the salary of university teachers has become the focus of media and public attention.
Most young teachers, lecturers and teaching assistants with low academic qualifications only live on the basic salary of 1000 to 2,000 yuan per month.
In June this year, Liu Yicheng (pseudonym), a young teacher in the journalism department of Nanchang University in Jiangxi Province, will graduate from the first session. A few careful class cadres wanted to give the teacher a surprise. Without saying hello, they knocked on Liu Yicheng's door with gifts. Liu Yicheng was embarrassed to let the students into the house, because she couldn't even find a chair at home.
Liu Yicheng, who has been renting a house outside, lives near the school and likes to get along with students, but he seldom tells others his address, because the house is in poor condition and there is no furniture, so it is not easy to entertain people who come.
After graduating from master's degree, Liu Yicheng came to this strange city as a foreigner to apply for a job, and became a teaching assistant of this provincial university, teaching journalism theory. At that time, because there was no room in the school and no staff dormitory, he had to rent a farmhouse in the student rental area outside the school. At this time, his monthly income is only in the early 2000 s, and he has to send some money to his family besides living expenses. The money saved in one year is very limited.
Although the work of teachers is relatively stable, the income gap within the industry has stimulated Liu Yicheng. In order to get the title as soon as possible, he saved money to prepare for the exam. "Without a house, getting married in the future is a problem." Liu Yicheng, who is nearly 30 years old, is not satisfied with his current income.
Chen Feng (pseudonym), a lecturer of this school, accepted a survey of "satisfaction degree of college teachers" in Jiangxi Province last year, and drew "dissatisfaction" in salary, housing subsidies, training opportunities, promotion of professional titles and so on.
"Many people think that university teachers have easy work and high income, but in fact they only see the lives of most professors and associate professors." Teacher Feng said that at the level of professors, teachers' salaries can really reach a high level, and they can also make money by taking part-time jobs outside the school. However, most young teachers and lecturers and assistants with low academic qualifications constitute the bottom of the income pyramid of college teachers. These people only live on a basic salary of one or two thousand yuan a month.
After State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China listed university teachers as "high-income individuals", Professor Liu Huanbin, the former president of South China University of Technology, once told the media that if the annual income is more than 654.38+10,000 yuan, then the proportion of truly high-income university teachers is less than 5%. In colleges and universities in the midwest, the proportion is even smaller.
Some teachers are so secretive about their income that part-time jobs become their main business, while teaching is a sideline.
A Yi, an associate professor in Peking University, published his average monthly salary of 4,876 yuan on the Internet. After deducting various living expenses, the result is negative. In this regard, an associate professor at the School of Journalism of China Renmin University said that the income of college teachers is very fragmentary, and the salary slip is just a piece of skin, which does not explain the real income of employees.
An associate professor takes himself as an example. His monthly salary card actually has 2500 ~ 3000 yuan, which is closely related to his working years and professional titles. In addition, the college will give a fixed sum of money every month, equivalent to 30% of the basic salary, about 300 yuan to 400 yuan. Because the college will hold some training courses for candidates, the college can get income from them, which will also give each faculty member about RMB 1000 per month. Coupled with the subsidy and class fee for guiding graduate thesis, he earns at least 4,000 yuan a month, not counting the income outside work. Associate professor has been working part-time in the media, writing a column for a newspaper every week, earning about 3000 yuan a month.
In the interview, although most college teachers are very secretive when asked about their income, through investigation, the author found that many college teachers work part-time or on-the-job to do projects, which makes them have a lot of gray income.
Recently, at a seminar held by China University of Political Science and Law, the author learned that a top legal expert who participated in this forum earned as much as 7,000 yuan. According to insiders, well-known experts in colleges and universities get paid by attending academic seminars, which has become an important source of "gray income".
Last year, in the debate about "the conscience of economists", some media reported: "The first-class economists in Beijing earn more than one million yuan a year, while the second-rate economists earn 600,000 yuan a year. An important source of income for these economists is to serve as independent directors in listed companies. In this list, there are professors such as Xiao Zhuoji, Zhang and Zhang who are still teaching in colleges and universities. "
Compared with university teachers who earn extra money by working part-time, the real rich people in the ivory tower start their businesses by teaching in training classes and holding technical shares in research groups.
A law school professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics found that many professors from Marxist colleges and foreign languages colleges joined the postgraduate political or English training courses as famous teachers because of the "postgraduate entrance examination fever" and "textual research fever" for many years, while some law school professors earned a lot of money by holding training courses for judicial qualification examinations and master of laws examinations. Many professors in this professor's law school are rich.
In August this year, Haidian Gymnasium, which can accommodate 3,000 spectators, was packed, and the summer political intensive course of Qi Hang Training School was under way. Teachers from Peking University, China Renmin University and Central University of Finance and Economics cooperated with Qi Hang Training School.
In recent years, the postgraduate entrance examination market has expanded rapidly, and many famous teachers are aiming at this opportunity to make money. In the maritime training school, take the postgraduate political course as an example. For the one-week course, each student has to pay a training fee of more than 500 yuan, and thousands of students sign up for each period. Since the remuneration of professors is drawn from the training fees of thousands of students, the more students, the more commission they get, and teachers will naturally benefit a lot from it.
Yuan Ming (a pseudonym), a professor at the School of Journalism, Renmin University of China, said that university teachers are more qualified to take part-time jobs outside, because there are fewer class hours and more free time on holidays and weekends, and the school has not explicitly prohibited them. However, when teachers take up too much energy in part-time jobs, the influence on their teaching can not be ignored. "When the professor's extra money becomes two or three times his salary, he will involuntarily favor part-time jobs, and the work of teaching and educating people will become a sideline."
Professor Yuan said that he worked as a part-time program in a TV station two years ago with a monthly salary of more than 5,000 yuan. At that time, he attended the topic selection meeting twice a week and took turns to be on duty. When he found that the job was no longer part-time and almost required full-time, he resigned immediately. "Many young teachers try their best to make money part-time because of the stimulation of income gap. If this practice forms an atmosphere, the quality of education in colleges and universities will inevitably be affected. "
An associate professor of Chinese Department in Peking University thinks that part-time job is reasonable under the condition of low salary. Workers play the sofa for their neighbors after work, and their income has nothing to do with formal work. Income is not the income brought by universities, and it has nothing to do with universities. But as far as he knows, teachers in Peking University don't have that much time to do these things.
In line with the society, more majors can make more money.
Kong Dong Qing, an associate professor of Chinese Department in Peking University, said: "Majors with more social relations may earn more money, but the total social resources are limited. There are no statistics on the number and proportion of rich teachers. I feel that most teachers in the school are very poor, such as those who engage in ancient Chinese and religious subjects. Such teachers account for the majority. "
The difference of social applicability of the subject determines the difference of teachers' income in this subject.
Zheng Yefu, a professor of sociology in Peking University, said that teachers of economics and management have high incomes. In addition to completing the teaching tasks of the department, they also work overtime for enterprises, and some people also give classes to students who are not registered regularly to earn money. "I know that the income of teachers in some disciplines can be close to one million yuan a year. In fact, many departments attach great importance to making money, but some disciplines have more contact with society and can make more money. Other departments don't want to, but they can't. "
Professor Wu from Beijing Institute of Technology said: "At present, there is a big gap between the salaries of famous and non-famous teachers, and the salaries of teachers from different colleges in the same school are also very different." For example, China Renmin University, as a liberal arts university, has lower salaries and post allowances for teachers than universities of science and engineering.
"In science and engineering colleges with many scientific research projects, project funds account for a large proportion of teachers' income. "Professor Wu said that the amount of research funds of Beijing Institute of Technology ranks among the top three universities in Beijing, and sometimes the research funds of a project are as high as tens of millions of yuan.
"In recent years, the average income of teachers in science and engineering colleges has increased, and many professors have an annual salary of more than 300,000 yuan. In contrast, the annual salary of most professors in the College of Arts and Sciences is less than 654.38+10,000 yuan. " Professor Wu mentioned.
Since the late 1980s, in order to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, many university professors have been actively looking for topics, running projects and asking for funds. Because some project funds can be freely controlled, many teachers are so busy that they don't even want to teach anymore. In addition, many science and engineering teachers work as part-time engineers in some companies, or engage in patent inventions and start companies to promote technology. And their income is also considerable.
"Some people can earn 6.5438+0 million yuan after pulling the project for more than ten years, with an average annual income of 10.8 million yuan." Zheng Yefu, a professor of sociology in Peking University, told reporters.
He revealed that many professors keep inviting guests to dinner in order to pull projects, which is a common phenomenon in colleges and universities. Many teachers apply for projects but give them to students cheaply. "Taxpayers' money is wasted. "
The difference in income-generating ability of different departments of the school makes the amount of bonuses distributed between departments vary greatly.
It is understood that different departments of colleges and universities have their own income-generating methods.
For example, the School of Humanities of a university in Beijing recruits a certain number of students who take separate exams every year. Most of these students have worked in Beijing and participated in the exams organized by the college. Because students are not enrolled in the national plan, the college will charge a much higher training fee than the unified recruitment, and this extra fee will be distributed to the teaching teachers in the name of lecture fees.
Professor Wang Chuhui from the Department of Sociology of Nankai University made a detailed investigation and study on the income of university teachers in the article How much do university teachers know. . He pointed out that it is easier to run classes in disciplines that are directly needed by the society and the market, so there are more classes, more students are enrolled, and the corresponding income is also large. For all kinds of income from running schools, schools have clear division rules, and different types of schools have different retention ratios. Generally speaking, the retention of schools is between 45% and 55%, and some of them are owned by direct income-generating departments. The part owned by the direct income-generating department is divided into three parts according to the proportion stipulated by the school: development fee, collective welfare fee and bonus. Of course, the development expenses should be used to improve the conditions of running a school, while the bonus will be paid to the faculty and staff of the unit by the direct income-generating unit according to the regulations of each unit. As a bonus for faculty, part of the collective welfare fund is also used to improve the welfare treatment of faculty in this unit, and a considerable part is distributed to faculty in this unit in kind. This has become an important factor in the income and actual welfare gap between different departments of the school.
According to his investigation, due to the different income-generating abilities of various departments of the school, the amount of bonuses distributed between departments varies greatly. Colleges and departments that generate more income can give each faculty a bonus of 30,000 to 40,000 yuan per year, while some departments are unable to give bonuses to faculty. There are still some department leaders who can't generate income. In order to appease the people, only a few hundred yuan bonus can be given to each faculty member by the end of the year. In a word, there is a great difference in bonus income between faculty and staff in different departments, which eventually leads to the gap in economic income between faculty and staff working in the same school.
Liu Xinzhi, a professor from Peking University, happily received the golden key to stay in Professor Park of Rizhao Peking University from Li Zhaoqian, Mayor of Rizhao (Source: Beijing Youth Daily).