Why did the House of Commons become the core of modern British regime?

After a series of civil wars in the late15th century, the monarch's influence increased day by day, while big noble's power was constantly weakened. In recent years, the power of the upper and lower houses has further shrunk, and the absolute and supreme authority of the monarch dominates the country. /kloc-during the Tudor dynasty in the 6th century, the power of the monarch reached its peak, but once it entered 1603, that is, the Stuart dynasty began to rule, the power of the monarch declined from its peak. During the rule of the first two Stuart monarchs, namely James I and Charles I, they all clashed with the lower house on issues such as taxation, religion and kingship. During the reign of Charles I, the relationship between the monarch and parliament fell into an irreversible state, which eventually led to the English Civil War. 1649, Charles I was beheaded and the monarch and the House of Lords were abolished. Since then, although the House of Commons became the highest institution in theory, in fact, the whole country was closely controlled by oliver cromwell's military dictatorship. By 1653, Cromwell completely abolished parliament. But after Cromwell's death, the monarchy was restored in 1660, and the upper and lower houses had to reconvene. After the restoration of the monarch, his influence has not recovered from the past. In 1688, after James II went abroad because of the glorious revolution, the power of the monarch was even reduced. /kloc-the most important change in parliament in the 0/8th century was the development of the post of prime minister. Later in 1782, Lord North, then prime minister, failed to lead Britain to victory in the American War of Independence. As a result, motion of no confidence was passed by Congress and forced to step down. This incident reflects that a government will collapse without the support of Congress, which is exactly what people think of democratic government today. On the other hand, although people often think that the government must get the support of the House of Commons, it is actually developed in modern times. Similarly, the convention that the Prime Minister was born in the House of Commons never appeared as early as18th century. /kloc-the British House of Commons in the 0 th and 9 th centuries

After entering the19th century, the House of Commons has undergone a large-scale reform. Before the reform, the monarch had the privilege to give or deprive an autonomous town of the right to vote, which made some places that did not meet the qualifications of autonomous towns obtain the right to vote equivalent to autonomous towns, thus causing quite serious confusion. In addition, since 1660, the scope of constituencies has not been reorganized. Therefore, in the19th century, the population of some constituencies with similar populations decreased sharply, but according to the usual practice, each constituency can still elect two members of the House of Commons. These over-represented constituencies were nicknamed "bad districts" at that time, the most famous of which were old Sarum and Dunwich. These two constituencies, one with only six people and the other with Lu Chen Sea, still have two seats in the House of Commons. On the contrary, in several industrial towns like Manchester, there is not even a member representing the whole city in the House of Commons, and voters often only elect members representing the county. In addition, there were some "pocket administrative districts" at that time. Most of these small constituencies are controlled by landlords and nobles. Most of them decided on the candidates, and then they were "elected" by the voters. 183 1 year, in order to correct the above chaos, the house of commons passed the reform of eucalyptus urophylla, but the house of lords was unwilling to pass eucalyptus urophylla at first. Earl Gray, then prime minister, suggested that William IV should make a large number of people who supported the reform aristocrats, so that the Eucharist could pass in the upper house. After a storm, William IV finally decided to accept Earl Gray's proposal, but on the eve of putting it into practice, the House of Lords changed its original intention and officially passed Eucalyptus urophylla on 1832. This eucalyptus is called "Eucalyptus variabilis 1832", also known as "Eucalyptus variabilis". According to the law, all corrupt constituencies have been abolished and the voting rules of autonomous towns have been unified. As for the towns with large population, they have seats directly in the House of Commons, but they have retained many pocket constituencies. After the law was passed, the lower house became more and more arbitrary, while the influence of the upper house was damaged in the crisis of political reform. Since then, some arrow bamboo passed in the lower house in a large proportion has reached the upper house. Although the upper house intends to veto arrow bamboo, it must think twice. It is at this time that the view that the Prime Minister can only stay in office after obtaining the support of the House of Commons has gradually become a recognized political principle. After the election, Asquith decided that eucalyptus trees that restricted the power of the upper house must be approved by the lower house. Before the House of Lords voted, George V agreed to the Prime Minister's proposal. If the House of Lords fails to pass the Eucharist, 500 newly granted liberal aristocrats will flood into the House of Lords (that is, the same strategy used by 1832 to force the House of Lords to acquiesce in the reform of the French Eucharist). As a result, the congressional law of 19 1 1 came into effect quickly, which changed the situation of equal legislative power of the two houses. After the Eucalyptus Law was passed, the upper house lost its veto power over the Eucalyptus Law, and only reserved the right of extension. In addition, most eucalyptus laws cannot be shelved in the upper house for more than three sessions or two calendar years (reduced to two sessions or one calendar year after the Eucalyptus Law was passed by the National Assembly in 1949), and the eucalyptus budget cannot be shelved for more than one month. After this incident, whether in theory or in practice, the House of Commons has become a more influential party in Congress.