As a pioneer of reform, Shenzhen changed the "Shenzhen Luohu Consumer Council" into "Shenzhen Luohu Consumer Development Protection Committee", and separated it from the administrative department appropriately to realize its relatively independent operation, that is, it was no longer subordinate to the Market Supervision Bureau and reorganized into an administrative affairs supervision agency directly led by the district government, which mainly undertook supervision, consultation, acceptance, investigation, mediation, suggestion, formulation, coordination, participation and cooperation on consumer market and consumer rights protection matters within its jurisdiction.
The Committee is composed of representatives of functional departments of the district government, industry celebrities and consumer representatives (each accounting for one third); The director, deputy director and members are all unpaid social welfare service posts. It consists of six departments: consumer credit center, consumer publicity and education center, consumer complaint department, consumer supervision and guidance department, legal department and administrative comprehensive department.
Extended data:
Reform of public institutions:
The reform of the management system of public institutions covers a wide range and has rich connotations, including the government's responsibility orientation, the relationship between the government and public institutions, the relationship between the government and society, and the government's innovation in the management of public institutions. In accordance with the principle of separating government from enterprise management, efforts should be made to transform government functions and innovate management methods, which can focus on the following five aspects:
The first is to transform government functions. How to clearly define the division of responsibilities between the government and institutions, and effectively ensure the separation of functions, institutions and operating mechanisms between the government and institutions; How to recover and integrate the administrative functions exercised by public institutions, realize the organic unity of administrative functions, and standardize administrative behavior according to law; How to strengthen the government's macro-management and industry management, and reduce the administrative examination and approval and direct intervention in public institutions.
The second is to clarify the functional orientation of public institutions. How to carry out classification reform according to the different attributes of institutions, and separate institutions that mainly undertake administrative functions from those that mainly engage in production and business activities; How to promote public institutions to strengthen public welfare attributes from the aspects of financial investment, tax policy, asset management, personnel management, social security and other systems; How to further implement the legal person autonomy of public institutions, such as the right to use human rights, the right to pay distribution, the right to evaluate professional titles, the right to use capital facilities, and the right to operate independently.
The third is to innovate government management methods. How to implement classified management according to different public welfare attributes of public institutions; How to realize the proper separation between the government management function and the funded organization function; Actively explore effective ways to realize the separation of management and management; How to establish and improve the corporate governance structure of public institutions; How to strengthen the management of state-owned assets in public institutions?
The fourth is to improve the government investment mechanism. How to increase investment, reform investment methods, improve investment supervision mechanism, and form an investment mechanism of public institutions with clear powers, graded burdens and matching financial resources and powers; How to define the public service responsibilities of governments at all levels and organize corresponding institutions.
Fifth, actively promote social forces to participate in public welfare services. On the one hand, how to create a good policy environment, build a policy platform, lower the market access threshold, and encourage and support social forces to participate in the provision of public welfare services; On the other hand, how to strengthen the supervision of the behavior norms of social non-profit organizations, improve the policies on charging standards, asset disposal, income distribution and service quality, and standardize the public service behavior of social forces.
The State Council's guiding opinions on promoting the reform of public institutions by classification;
The guiding ideology, basic principles and overall objectives of the reform;
4. Guiding ideology. Hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents as the guidance, thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development, and further enhance the vitality of public institutions in accordance with the requirements of separating government affairs from enterprise management, based on scientific classification, with deepening the reform of institutional mechanisms as the core, and continuously meet the needs of the people and economic and social development for public welfare services.
5. Basic principles. Adhere to people-oriented, and take improving the level of public services and meeting the needs of the people as the starting point and the end result; Adhere to classified guidance and implement reform and management according to the characteristics of different types of institutions; Persist in pioneering and innovating, break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that affect the development of public welfare undertakings, and encourage various forms of exploration and practice;
Adhere to development, give full play to the role of government-led, social forces' participation and market mechanism, and realize the diversification of public service providers and methods; Adhere to overall planning, give full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments, pay attention to the connection with the reform of industry system and government institutions, and properly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability.
6. Overall objectives and phased objectives. By 2020, a management system and operating mechanism with clear functions, perfect governance, efficient operation and strong supervision will be established, and a public service system with China characteristics will be formed with priority to basic services, appropriate supply level, reasonable layout and structure, and fair and just services.
In the next five years, the classification of public institutions will be completed on the basis of clean-up and standardization, the reform of public institutions that undertake administrative functions and engage in production and business activities will be basically completed, and public institutions engaged in public welfare services will make significant progress in personnel management, income distribution, social insurance, fiscal and taxation policies and institutional establishment, make major breakthroughs in separating management from office and improving governance structure, further optimize the institutional environment for social forces to set up public welfare undertakings, and lay a solid foundation for realizing the overall goal of reform.
Scientifically classify the categories of public institutions:
7. Clean up and standardize existing institutions. If it is not established as required or the original specific task has been completed, it shall be revoked. If the layout structure is unreasonable, the settings are too scattered, the tasks are seriously insufficient or the responsibilities are similar, it should be integrated.
8. Classify existing institutions. On the basis of cleaning up the norms, the existing institutions are divided into three categories according to their social functions: undertaking administrative functions, engaging in production and business activities and engaging in public welfare services.
To undertake administrative functions, gradually transfer their administrative functions to administrative institutions or to administrative institutions; Engaged in production and business activities, and gradually transformed into enterprises; Those who engage in public welfare services will continue to remain in the sequence of public institutions and strengthen their public welfare attributes. In the future, the establishment of institutions undertaking administrative functions and institutions engaged in production and business activities will no longer be examined and approved.
9. Subdivide institutions engaged in public welfare services. According to the responsibilities, tasks, service targets and resource allocation methods, institutions engaged in public welfare services are divided into two categories: those who undertake basic public welfare services such as compulsory education at the grass-roots level, basic scientific research, public culture, public health and basic medical services, and those who cannot or should not allocate resources by the market, are classified as public welfare; Undertaking public welfare services such as higher education and non-profit medical care that can be partially allocated by the market is classified as public welfare category II. Specific by the local combined with practical research to determine.
Promote the reform of public institutions that undertake administrative functions;
10. Strictly determine the standards and scope. According to the relevant laws and regulations of the state and the relevant policies and regulations of the central government, institutions that undertake administrative functions are identified in strict accordance with whether they mainly perform administrative decision-making, administrative execution, administrative supervision and other functions.
1 1. Implement the reform according to different situations. Combine the reform of administrative management system with the reform of government institutions, especially explore the implementation of the multi-department system with organic unified functions, and promote the reform of institutions that undertake administrative functions. It is not allowed to break through the quota and total staffing of government institutions, mainly through the reform of administrative management system and government institutions to gradually solve the vacancy.
For some institutions that undertake administrative functions, we should carefully sort out the functions and assign the functions belonging to the government to relevant administrative agencies; After the adjustment of functions, it is necessary to re-define the responsibilities of public institutions and delimit categories. Those with insufficient tasks should be revoked or merged into other public institutions. Institutions that fully undertake administrative functions can be adjusted to internal organs of relevant administrative organs. If it is really necessary to set up an administrative agency separately, it shall be set up in accordance with the principle of streamlining efficiency.
Institutions that have been determined to undertake administrative functions but have not been adjusted in place will continue to perform their duties in accordance with the existing laws, regulations and policies during the transition period, and the use of institutional establishment will only decrease rather than increase, and personnel, finance and social insurance will be managed in accordance with the current national policies and regulations.
Promote the reform of public service institutions;
14. Clarify the purpose of the reform. Strengthen the public welfare nature of public institutions, further rationalize the system, improve the mechanism and improve the system, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of staff, truly stimulate the vitality and vitality of public institutions, continuously improve the level and efficiency of public welfare services, promote the vigorous development of public welfare undertakings, and effectively provide more high-quality and efficient public welfare services for the people.
15. Reform the management system. Separate government from enterprise, and straighten out the relationship between government and institutions. Administrative departments should speed up the transformation of functions, innovate management methods, reduce micro-management and direct management of institutions, strengthen the responsibilities of formulating policies and regulations, industry planning, standards and norms, supervision and guidance, and further implement the autonomy of legal persons in institutions.
For institutions that provide public welfare services to the society, actively explore effective forms of separation of management and operation, and gradually abolish administrative levels. Different types of institutions are managed by different institutions, scientifically formulate institutional standards, reasonably control the total amount, focus on optimizing the structure, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism, and strengthen supervision and management.
16. Establish and improve the corporate governance structure. Institutions that provide public welfare services to the society should explore the establishment of various forms of governance structures such as boards of directors and management committees, improve decision-making, implementation and supervision mechanisms, improve operational efficiency, and ensure the realization of public welfare goals. Institutions that are not suitable for establishing corporate governance structure should continue to improve the current management model.
17. deepen the reform of the personnel system. With reforming and invigorating the employment system as the core, focusing on improving the employment system and post management system, we will establish a personnel management system of public institutions with clear rights and responsibilities, scientific classification, flexible mechanism and strong supervision. Accelerate the reform of the professional title system. Classified personnel management shall be implemented for different types of institutions, posts shall be set according to the establishment management method, and open recruitment, competitive appointment, post employment and contract management shall be implemented.
18. Deepen the reform of the income distribution system. Focus on improving the incentive and restraint mechanism of wage distribution, and improve the staff income distribution system that conforms to the characteristics of public institutions and reflects the requirements of post performance and classified management. We will further improve the implementation of performance pay in compulsory education schools, public health and primary medical and health institutions in combination with standardizing subsidies for public institutions; For other institutions, performance pay shall be implemented in accordance with the principles of classified guidance, step-by-step implementation, local conditions and steady and prudent advancement.
According to the reform process, all localities and departments should explore different performance pay management methods for different types of institutions and implement them step by step. Improve the normal wage adjustment mechanism of public institutions.
19. Promote the reform of the social insurance system. We will improve the social insurance policies for institutions and their staff to participate in basic old-age care, basic medical care, unemployment and work-related injuries, and gradually establish a social insurance system that is independent of units, with multiple sources of funds, multiple levels of protection and socialized management services. The basic old-age insurance for staff of public institutions shall be combined with social pooling and individual accounts, and the old-age insurance premium shall be borne by both units and individuals, and all individual contributions shall be credited to individual accounts.
The old-age insurance fund shall be established separately, and the provincial overall planning shall be implemented, and the basic pension shall be socialized. The implementation of "the old way for the elderly, the new system for newcomers, and the gradual transition of China people" will properly ensure the smooth transition and reasonable convergence of pension benefits for retirees who participated in the work before the reform and after the reform, and maintain the treatment level stipulated by the state. Establish an occupational annuity system for staff in public institutions. Consider the pension benefits of retirees in enterprises, institutions and institutions as a whole.
20. Strengthen the supervision of public institutions. Establish a performance evaluation system for public institutions, and the evaluation results will serve as an important basis for determining the budget, rewards and punishments for responsible persons and income distribution. Strengthen audit supervision and public opinion supervision. Institutions that provide public welfare services to the society shall establish an information disclosure system, important matters and annual reports shall be made public to the society, and major public welfare services involving the vital interests of the people shall be publicized and heard.
2 1. Comprehensively strengthen Party building in public institutions. In accordance with party constitution and relevant regulations, we should adjust the Party's organizational structure in time, straighten out the subordinate relationship, select and strengthen the leading bodies of Party organizations, strengthen the education, management and service for party member, do a good job in ideological and political work, promote the construction of spiritual civilization, lead the work of mass organizations such as trade unions and the Communist Youth League, give full play to the leading or political core role of Party organizations in promoting the development of the cause and accomplishing the central tasks of the unit, and ensure the implementation of the Party's basic line, principles and policies in public institutions.
Construct a new model of public service;
22. Vigorously develop public services. Adapt to economic and social development and the needs of the people, constantly expand the field of public services, increase the variety of public services, and expand the total supply of public services. Give play to the leading role of the government, guide social forces to participate extensively, introduce market competition mechanism, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, and continuously enhance the vitality of public welfare undertakings. Through reform, a new pattern of public welfare services with diversified supply subjects and methods will be formed, and efforts will be made to provide broad coverage and multi-level public welfare services for the people.
23. Strengthen government responsibility. In accordance with the requirements of gradually realizing the equalization of basic public services, priority should be given to the development of public services directly related to the basic needs of the people, national security and social stability, and the fairness and justice of public services should be promoted. Accelerate the development of public welfare undertakings in rural areas, underdeveloped areas and ethnic minority areas, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and regions, and effectively meet the needs of farmers and urban low-income groups for public welfare services such as medical care, education and culture.
Optimize the allocation of public service resources, rationally plan the layout, scientifically set up public institutions, break the boundaries of compartmentalization and administrative divisions, and promote resource sharing. Innovate the way of providing public welfare services, improve the mechanism of purchasing services, and improve the quality and efficiency of services.
24 encourage social forces to set up public welfare undertakings. Improve relevant policies, relax access areas, promote fair access, and encourage social forces to enter the field of public welfare undertakings according to law. For social forces to set up public welfare undertakings, we should treat them fairly with institutions in terms of establishment conditions, qualification determination, professional qualification and title evaluation, tax policy and government purchase of services, strengthen supervision and guide their healthy development. We will improve and implement preferential tax policies and encourage enterprises, social organizations and individual citizens to donate to public welfare undertakings. Vigorously advocate and develop voluntary service.
25. Give full play to the role of the market mechanism. Improve support policies, give full play to the positive role of the market in allocating resources in public welfare undertakings, create a good environment for social capital investment, promote the accelerated development of related industries, and meet the multi-level and diversified service needs of the people.
Improve the financial policy to support the development of public welfare undertakings;
26 increase financial support for the development of public welfare undertakings. Accelerate the establishment and improvement of the public finance system, adjust the expenditure structure, increase investment, and strive to build a long-term mechanism for financial support for the development of public welfare undertakings. Formulate and improve financial policies to support social forces to set up public welfare undertakings, and form an investment mechanism for raising funds through multiple channels to develop public welfare undertakings. Evaluate the performance of the use of financial funds in institutions, strictly manage funds, and improve the efficiency of use.
27. Reform and improve financial support methods. In accordance with the national policy and the principle of determining fees by events, combined with the specific characteristics and financial situation of different institutions, we will implement different financial support methods for different types of institutions, rationally set standards, implement dynamic adjustment, improve the supervision system, and give full play to the benefits of financial funds. For public welfare, according to the needs of normal business, give financial security; For the second type of public welfare, according to the financial revenue and expenditure, the government gives financial subsidies and supports them through the way of government purchasing services.
28. Promote the reform of budget management, government procurement and state-owned assets management. Study and establish the asset allocation standard system of public institutions, promote the organic combination of asset management and budgeting, strengthen the management and implementation of government procurement budget of public institutions, and standardize the implementation of government procurement operations. Strengthen the management of administrative fees, and strictly examine and approve the fees and standards. Establish and improve the financial accounting and state-owned assets management system of public institutions, strengthen financial supervision, and ensure the standardized, safe and effective use of financial funds and state-owned assets.
China Consumers Association was established in the State Council in June, 5438+0984+02. It is a national social organization that conducts social supervision on goods and services and protects the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Consumer organizations such as consumer associations are social organizations established according to law to supervise goods and services and protect consumers' legitimate rights and interests.
By 20 16, there will be more than 3,000 consumer associations at or above the county level in China, including 3/kloc-0 in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. There are156,000 grassroots network organizations such as consumer association branches, village committees, neighborhood committees, industry management departments, universities, factories and mines, and more than 0/00 volunteers.
The organization of China Consumers Association is the Council. The daily work of the association is undertaken by the permanent office, and the secretary-general and deputy secretary-general are in full-time management and are responsible to the president. The funds of China Consumers Association are allocated by the government and sponsored by the society.
According to Article 37 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests, consumer associations shall perform the following public welfare duties:
(a) to provide consumers with consumption information and consulting services, improve consumers' ability to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and guide civilized, healthy, resource-saving and environment-friendly consumption patterns;
(two) to participate in the formulation of laws, regulations, rules and mandatory standards related to the rights and interests of consumers;
(three) to participate in the supervision and inspection of goods and services by the relevant administrative departments;
(four) to reflect, inquire and make suggestions to the relevant departments on issues related to the legitimate rights and interests of consumers;
(five) to accept consumer complaints, and to investigate and mediate the complaints;
(six) complaints involving the quality of goods and services, you can entrust a qualified appraiser to identify, the appraiser shall inform the expert opinion;
(seven) to support the injured consumers to bring a lawsuit against acts that harm the legitimate rights and interests of consumers or to bring a lawsuit in accordance with this law;
(eight) through the mass media to expose and criticize acts that harm the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.
People's governments at all levels shall provide necessary funds and other support for consumer associations to perform their duties.
Consumers' associations should conscientiously perform their duties of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, listen to their opinions and suggestions, and accept social supervision.
Other consumer organizations established according to law shall carry out activities to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations and their articles of association. ?
Southern Network: Luohu Consumer Rights Protection
Baidu Encyclopedia: Reform of Public Institutions
Baidu Encyclopedia: Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Institutions by Classification in the State Council.
Baidu Encyclopedia: China Consumers Association