Measures to improve the management level of enterprises
With the increasingly fierce market competition, enterprises must constantly improve their management level if they want to be invincible in the fierce market competition. The level of enterprise management determines the direction of enterprise development and the time of continuous operation. How to improve the management level of enterprises is a problem that enterprises should attach great importance to and urgently need to solve. To improve the management level of enterprises, we should focus on the following aspects.
First, to improve the management level of enterprises, we must first do a good job in the basic management of enterprises.
The basic work of enterprise management mainly includes:
(1) standardization work. Standardization includes the formulation, implementation and management of technical standards, management standards and working standards. Standardization requires the characteristics of "new (new standard), complete (sound standard) and high (high standard level)".
(2) quota work. Quota refers to the specified quantity penalty limit for the consumption, utilization and occupation of manpower, material resources and financial resources under certain production technology conditions. The requirement of quota work is practical, and quota comes from practice, which is an abstraction of practice, not a subjective conjecture; Quota work requires authority, and quota is issued through certain approval procedures; Quota work requires generality, and quota is the abstraction of practice; The quota work needs to be phased, the practice is developing, and the quota should be adjusted in time.
(3) Measurement work. The core of measurement work is to obtain data and evaluate data. Without measured, accurate and reliable data, the production and operation of enterprises will lose their scientific basis.
(4) Information work. Information work refers to the management of data collection, processing, transmission and storage. , is necessary for the production and business activities of enterprises. Modern enterprises must improve the information system with accurate data and sensitive information, so that the production and operation process of enterprises can be gradually brought into the track of computer management.
(5) Improve the work of rules and regulations. It is necessary to establish and improve a set of internal economic responsibility system of enterprises coordinated by vertical and horizontal chains.
(6) Basic education. Vigorously improve the political, cultural and technical quality of employees.
Second, strengthen the management accounting function.
Improving the management level of enterprises Management accounting is a new subject that meets the needs of internal management of enterprises and scientifically uses relevant technical methods to collect, sort out, calculate and analyze data to measure, evaluate and predict economic activities, thus providing information services for enterprises to improve their management level and economic benefits. The basic function of management accounting is "management" (specifically, participation in enterprise management). The meaning of management refers to the activities of coordinating the human, material and financial resources of an enterprise to achieve its business objectives. The content of management includes five aspects: planning, organization, command, coordination and control. According to the time sequence of business activities, the management function of management accounting can be divided into three links: pre-management, in-process management and post-management.
Prior management includes: (1) forecast. Adopt various technical methods to collect data about the internal situation of the enterprise, the operating conditions of competitors, the trend of market changes, etc., analyze and speculate on the expected income of long-term investment projects and the future development direction of the enterprise, and sort out more detailed written reports or statements. (2) decision making. Decision-making is the key link of enterprise management activities and the core content of management accounting. According to the special needs of management decision-makers, providing relevant accounting information is mainly based on in-depth analysis of various data, putting forward a variety of alternative schemes, and comparing and evaluating various feasible schemes to provide reference for decision-makers to choose or optimize correctly. (3) plan. According to the objectives, characteristics and conditions of the project, comprehensively plan and arrange enterprise resources.
Process management includes: (1) organization. According to the plan, help managers to provide targeted construction and reference schemes for managers, adjust the original plan, correct economic indicators and improve economic measures with the least useful information.
Post-event management includes: (1) accounting. It records, classifies and compares the economic data of enterprises. (2) Analysis and evaluation. That is, evaluating enterprise activities, measuring the performance of managers and operators, and providing reference opinions for improving enterprise management and improving economic benefits.
Third, improve the enterprise statistical system.
The statistical work of improving enterprise management level reflects the appearance and development law of things by collecting, summarizing and calculating statistical data. It is not only a means to realize the modernization of enterprise management, but also the main content of enterprise modernization. Statistical information not only reflects the current situation of enterprises at a certain point in time, but also reflects the dynamics of enterprises in a specific period; It not only reflects the scale of the enterprise, but also reflects the structure of the enterprise; It not only reflects the speed of the enterprise, but also reflects the benefit and efficiency of the enterprise; It not only reflects some quantitative characteristics of enterprises, but also reflects some quality characteristics of enterprises; It not only reflects the situation of this enterprise, but also reflects all aspects related to its operation. Therefore, using statistical information, we can not only make quantitative and qualitative analysis of things themselves, but also make comprehensive analysis of different things, not only make horizontal comparison, but also summarize history and predict the future. Therefore, enterprises must establish or improve the statistical work system, form a set of reasonable and effective statistical management mode with their own characteristics, improve the quality of statisticians and strengthen statistical management, which will have extremely important functions and far-reaching significance.
Therefore, enterprises should pay special attention to improving the operational mechanism of enterprise statistics: (1) set up comprehensive statistical institutions or posts and clarify their responsibilities, conduct internal layer-by-layer audits, conduct comprehensive analysis and research, and submit them to the outside world in a unified way to avoid "counting one item more", thus ensuring data quality. (2) Clarify the statistical responsibilities of various functional departments. In modern enterprises, the statistical information that is vital to the development of enterprises will not be limited to one statistical department, including: the personnel department grasps the personnel situation, the R&D department grasps the R&D information, and the production department grasps the completion data. Therefore, in order to ensure the system integrity of enterprise statistical data, the corresponding statistical responsibilities should be clearly defined in the job responsibilities of various departments, and they should be required to provide corresponding statistical data in a unified caliber, scope and time. (3) Horizontal application of statistical information. First, submit all kinds of basic statistical information to various functional departments to meet the summary needs of various functional departments; The second is to submit the special information of various functional departments to comprehensive statistical institutions or posts to meet the needs of their comprehensive analysis and research; Thirdly, all kinds of comprehensive information processed and analyzed run in many directions to enterprise leaders, functional departments and grass-roots units to meet their needs of management decision-making, understanding the situation and finding problems.
Fourth, implement ERP management system.
To improve the management level of enterprises, information is an important resource of human society, and human beings can't live without information all the time. In today's era of knowledge economy, it is more and more urgent for enterprises to effectively manage knowledge and information.
At the same time, the world economy tends to be integrated and globalized, and China has joined the WTO, so our enterprises will face unprecedented pressure. At present, the market is characterized by the accelerated development of new products, shortened product life cycle, products must meet the individual needs of customers, and intensified market competition. In this situation, enterprises must fully realize that in the fierce market competition, it is impossible to win competitive advantage only by price, quality, products and services, because these things are easy to be learned by competitors. Only by introducing advanced management models and concepts and asking for benefits from management changes can we stand out from the competition.
In order to realize the rationality of production plan, reasonable management of inventory, full utilization of equipment and balanced arrangement of production tasks, ERP management system came into being. It extends enterprise management from production management to operation management, from internal management to external management, from logistics, capital flow and information flow management to effective configuration, control and management of customer flow and knowledge flow. First of all, the implementation of ERP is based on the most basic digital management, so that the data of enterprises can be shared uniformly, and the processes and behaviors of enterprises can be measured and managed accurately. At the same time, the cost accounting method has been changed, and the implementation of ERP has changed the cost accounting method from parallel carry-over to gradual carry-over. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the composition of costs in each stage of manufacturing, and change post-accounting into pre-prediction and in-process control and supervision.
In addition, the implementation of ERP can not only help enterprises to straighten out and plan their internal resources, but also effectively integrate their external resources, making the market competition among enterprises become the competition among enterprise supply chains. At the same time, the organic combination of ERP and e-commerce is a golden opportunity for enterprises to explore the international market and use various foreign resources. In short, the implementation of ERP is an important means of modern enterprise management and the best entry point for enterprises to adapt to the integration of market economy.
Five, to improve the management level of enterprises, we should pay attention to the use of emotional management means to enhance coordination ability.
Emotional management is to strengthen the emotional connection and ideological communication between managers and employees with sincere feelings, meet the psychological needs of employees, respect and care for employees, form a harmonious learning and working atmosphere, and let employees regard the enterprise as their home and live and die with the enterprise. Using emotional encouragement, department leaders must create an atmosphere of mutual trust, mutual care, mutual understanding, mutual support, mutual respect and love, unity and harmony; Apply leadership behavior incentives. Leaders in all work should first take the lead and at the same time educate and help others; Application of role models and typical incentives. The power of example is endless, and most employees are striving for strength and being competitive, not wanting to lag behind. Good must be praised; Reward, punishment, encouragement. Reward and punishment must be combined, that is, positive and negative incentives are used to implement assessment incentives.
As a manager, we should first straighten out the relationship between the manager and the managed, effectively combine formal communication with informal communication, be good at interacting with people, have a sense of respect and communicate directly with employees. At the same time, we should pay attention to the influence of fairness factors on people's emotional reflection. People want to be treated equally, so we should pay attention to creating a fair environment.
Coordination is an important function of enterprise management and an effective way to do a good job.
Therefore, I attach great importance to internal and external, horizontal and vertical coordination in my daily work. Internally, it must be strictly managed, but it must be stable and not contradictory, which is better than learning to help; Adhere to principles and maintain work coordination. Horizontal units and departments at the same level help, learn from and support each other; Vertical superior and subordinate leaders and functional departments of the company should take the initiative to work and make firm arrangements.