The Ming Tombs are located at the southern foot of Zijin Mountain in Xuanwu District, Nanjing, at the foot of Mount Everest in Dulong House. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in the east and Meihua Mountain in the south. Located in Zhongshan Scenic Area, it is the burial tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang and his empress.
It was named "Xiaoling Mausoleum", because posthumous title of Ma Shi was the "Empress of Filial Piety" and pursued filial piety to govern the world. Covering an area of 6,543,800 square meters, it is one of the largest imperial tombs in China.
The Ming Mausoleum was founded in the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (138 1 year) and completed in the 3rd year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1405), and mobilized 100000 military workers successively for 25 years.
Inherit the old system of "depending on the mountain as the mausoleum" in Tang and Song Dynasties, and create a new system of "taking the square grave as the mound". The harmonious unity of humanity and nature has reached the perfect height of harmony between man and nature, which has become an excellent example of the combination of traditional architectural art culture and environmental aesthetics in China.
As the head of Ming Di Mausoleum in China, the Ming Mausoleum represents the highest achievement of architecture and stone carving art in the early Ming Dynasty, which directly influenced the shape of more than 20 imperial mausoleums in the Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 500 years.
Imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties, which is distributed in Beijing, Hubei, Liaoning, Hebei and other places according to the historical process, was built according to the regulations and patterns of Nanjing and Ming Tombs, and has a special position in the history of the development of China Tombs, so it has the reputation of "the first royal mausoleum in Ming and Qing Dynasties".
1961March, Ming tombs were listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units; In July, 2003, according to the selection criteria of world cultural heritage, the Ming Tombs and the Tombs of Ming Heroes were listed as world cultural heritage.
From June 5438 to February 2006, it was listed as the first batch of national key scenic spots and the first batch of national AAAAA-level tourist attractions.
2. Nanjing Ming City Wall
The Ming City Wall of Nanjing, including the four walls of Miyagi, Imperial City, Capital City and Outer Guo Cheng built during the Ming Dynasty, now refers to the well-preserved capital city wall, which is the longest, largest and most well-preserved ancient city wall in the world, with a total preservation length of 25. 1 km.
Nanjing Ming City Wall was built in 1366 (26th year of Yuan Dynasty) and completed in 1393 (26th year of Ming Hongwu). 1 department, 3 hospitals, 37 cities in 5 provinces, 152 counties * * 280,000 migrant workers, about 350 million.
The construction of Nanjing Ming City Wall changed the old system that the city wall was square or rectangular. On the basis of building Kangcheng in the Six Dynasties, the city was built according to the trend of Nanjing mountain and river system. Get the benefits of mountains and rivers, empty rivers and lakes, outside the South Qinhuai River is a natural moat; Zhongshan is in the east.
There is a back lake as a barrier in the north; SiNa mountain into the city; Form a three-dimensional military fortress with unique defensive characteristics. Among them, the capital city wall winds 35.3 kilometers, which is the largest existing city wall in China and the largest city wall in the world.
It was once selected as the largest city wall in world record association, and the Waiguo city wall outside the capital is more than 60 kilometers long, which is the highest in world history.
3. Nanjing Forbidden City
Nanjing Forbidden City, also known as Ming Palace and Nanjing Forbidden City, is the palace of Yingtianfu (Nanjing), the capital of Ming Dynasty. It lasted more than 20 years, covering an area of 1, 0 1, 250 square meters. It is the largest palace complex in the world in the Middle Ages and is called "the first palace in the world".
Nanjing Forbidden City, as a master of palace architecture in the ancient capital of China, was inherited by Beijing Forbidden City. It is the mother of official architecture in Ming Dynasty and the blueprint of Beijing Forbidden City.
The Forbidden City in Nanjing was built in the 26th year of Yuan Dynasty (1366) and basically completed in the 25th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1392). Its location was chosen in outer Manchuria, Qingcheng of Yuanji, and it was moved to Sanshan to fill the Yanque Lake. Ming Palace is the imperial palace in the third day of Ming Dynasty, which lasted for 54 years.
Until the 19th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (142 1), Ming Taizu Judy moved to Beijing, and Nanzhili was established in Nanjing, where the royal family and important officials were still stationed.
Nanjing Forbidden City faces south, starting from Zhongshan Gate in the east, Xi 'anmen Gate in the west, Houzaimen in the north and Ruijin Road in the south. There are four doors, namely, Wumen in the south, Donghua Gate in the east, Xihua Gate in the west and Xuanwu Gate in the north.
The entrance to the meridian gate is Fengtianmen, the main hall is Fengtiandian, and the front of the temple is left with Wenlou and Wulou. After that, it's Gaihua Hall, where you were awarded the honor. There are Gan Qing Palace, Kunning Palace and Liuwu Palace in the Forbidden City. Now some sites are located on the north and south sides of Zhongshan East Road and have been listed as national key cultural relics protection units.
4. Nanjing Drum Tower
Nanjing Drum Tower, located on the Drum Tower Hill in the center of Nanjing, opposite to the Nanjing Bell Tower, is the time center of Nanjing in the old days, and also an important building for urging civil and military officials to be diligent, reminding the people to be diligent, welcoming the king, receiving imperial edicts, choosing concubines and other important celebrations. It is an important building in the capital of Ming Dynasty and one of the representatives of official brick buildings in ancient China. 1957 is listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.
The Drum Tower was built in 1382 (15th year of Ming Hongwu), with a large scale and extremely high specifications. The tower was destroyed by the war. In the Qing Dynasty, only the lower part of the Drum Tower was left. During Kangxi's southern tour, he climbed around and built a monument, renamed it "Monument Building". The existing wooden building at the top of the pedestal was built in the 23rd year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1684).
There is a significant difference in volume between the huge Ming pagoda and the late Qing pagoda, so it is called "Ming drum and Qing monument".
1923, the Drum Tower was turned into Nanjing Drum Tower Park. From 65438 to 0957, Nanjing Drum Tower was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Jiangsu Province.
1928 (in the 17th year of the Republic of China), in August, Zhongshan Avenue was opened, and five main roads, namely, Zhongshan North Road, Zhonghuan Road (Woods Road), Zhongshan Road, huanghe road Road (now beijing east road) and Beiping Road (now Beijing West Road), met here to form a traffic hub around the island, and Zhongshan Avenue also went south to Xinjiekou.
5. Yuejiang Building
Yuejiang Tower is located at the top of Lion Mountain in Gulou District, Nanjing, and stands on the bank of the Yangtze River. It is one of the top ten famous cultural buildings in China and one of the four famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River. It is also the main attraction of Nanjing Yuejianglou Scenic Area, one of the national AAAA tourist attractions and one of the 48 scenic spots of New Jinling, and is known as "the first building in the south of the Yangtze River".
The Yuejiang Building, more than 52 meters high, has four dark floors, carved eaves with blue tiles and colorful leaves with red curtains. It has a distinctive classical royal style and is a typical Ming Dynasty royal architectural style. The total construction area is more than 5000 square meters.
Yuejiang Building was built in the seventh year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1374). Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of Ming Dynasty, wrote a letter to build a pavilion in Lion Mountain in the northwest of China's capital city, and personally wrote "Yuejiang Tower", ordering all civil servants in the imperial court to write an article about Yuejiang Tower, among which Song Lian, a great scholar, wrote the best and was selected as the "China Ancient Literature View".
After the foundation surface used in the construction of Yuejiang Tower was completed, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, suddenly decided to stop the construction, and it was not until the end of the last century that the resolution to rebuild Yuejiang Tower received responses from all walks of life.
1997, the Nanjing Municipal People's Government officially approved the construction of Yuejiang Building, which was officially completed in September 20001. Since then, the 600-year history of "memory without architecture" has ended.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Nanjing Forbidden City
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