Second, the material with the thinnest atomic thickness came out.
On March 1 day, British and German scientists announced that they had jointly developed the thinnest material in the world, only one hundredth the thickness of a hair. Its appearance is expected to set off a new revolution in the fields of electronic computers and medicine. This diaphragm is composed of hexagonal carbon atoms, like a honeycomb, but only one atom thick. This kind of diaphragm will be mainly used to greatly improve the speed of computer operation and develop new drugs to become more effective transistors.
Third, the first synthesis of artificial chromosomes.
The most controversial American "Frankenstein" Craig Venter) 10/0.6 revealed that his research team has synthesized the first artificial chromosome in human history and may create the first permanent life form. Researchers successfully transformed one bacterium into another by genome transplantation, and the newly implanted genome began to replace the original genome. This is the first time that human beings have transplanted the complete genome of other species into the living body at one time.
China launched the first moon exploration satellite.
China's first lunar exploration satellite, Chang 'e-1, successfully flew into the sky on1October 51May1October 24 18: 05, sending back a number of lunar exploration photos and a large number of detection data, making the lunar exploration a complete success. This is another new milestone in China's space industry after man-made earth satellites and manned space satellites.
5. A composite particle composed of four quarks was found.
An international joint research team discovered a new charged particle by using a large electron-positron collision accelerator. It is different from the known meson composed of a quark and an antiquark, and is probably a new composite particle composed of four quarks. This discovery is of great significance to further deepen the understanding of quantum chromodynamics.
6. Successfully cloned primate embryos.
American scientists successfully cloned macaque embryos from adult primate fibroblasts by nuclear transfer technology and extracted two stem cell lines. This is the first time that scientists have successfully cloned primate embryos and cultivated two embryonic stem cell lines from 304 oocytes of 14 macaque.
Seven, the skin stem cells came out successfully.
At the same time, the US-Japan research group165438+1October 20th released its own new achievements in stem cell research: successfully using human skin cells to "imitate" stem cells with embryonic stem cell function, which is expected to avoid the ethical controversy faced by embryonic stem cell research and greatly promote the research on the treatment of stem cell-related diseases. For millions of patients who want stem cell therapy, this breakthrough is a major scientific milestone.
Eight, cultivate experimental mice that can fight cancer.
The University of Kentucky has successfully cultivated anti-cancer experimental mice by implanting PAR-4 tumor suppressor gene which can kill a variety of cancer cells without harming normal cells, which has important reference significance for human anti-cancer research. If "PAR-4" can act on human anti-cancer through bone marrow transplantation, cancer patients can be exempted from chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Cloning transgenic fluorescent cat.
65438+February 65438+February, the Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea announced that a cat with a red fluorescent protein gene was cloned by genetic modification of female cat skin cells at Gyeongsang University in Korea, marking the first time that a cat with a red fluorescent protein gene was cloned in the world. This achievement can be used to cultivate other cloned animals with the same diseases as human beings, which is helpful to better study and treat hereditary diseases.
X. The Bali Road Map has finally been signed.
12 16 After postponing the scheduled closing time by one day, the United Nations Climate Change Conference finally signed the "Bali Road Map" and decided to negotiate on new arrangements to deal with climate change before 2009, so as to ensure that human efforts to reduce greenhouse gases will not be interrupted after the expiration of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol (20 12).