Speech mode: add explanations, ask questions, put forward similarities, simply repeat each other's conversation, express your own views, and try to reflect each other's statements in exactly the same or similar language.
Non-verbal ways: nodding, gesturing, eye contact, leaning forward, accompanied by non-verbal ways such as "hmm", "oh" and "oh".
2. Emotional reaction. It means that the counselor understands and feeds back the emotions expressed by the visitors, which is an important participation technique. Visitors' emotions are expressed in verbal or nonverbal ways. Speech mainly refers to oral expression, while non-language mainly refers to facial expressions and body expressions (that is, body language). Verbal expression refers to feelings expressed through words (nouns, adverbs, adjectives, verbs, etc.). ), tone, such as "beauty", "loveliness", "greatness", "yearning", "fighting", "injury" and "disgust".
Facial expression refers to the emotions expressed by muscle changes and eye changes, such as the corners of the mouth rising when you are happy; When upset, frown; Open your eyes when you are surprised, etc Physical expression is an important direction for people to identify emotions in daily life, such as stiff limbs when angry; When you are afraid, you tremble all over; Shake your head and sigh when you are depressed.
Psychological counselors' feedback on the emotions expressed by visitors is helpful to increase feelings and dredge the feelings of both sides, help visitors understand their emotions and discuss problems in depth, and help visitors understand and express accurately.
3. Summary and exploration. Simply summarizing the main points of the conversation, guiding the other party's attention, ensuring that the conversation is carried out in a certain direction, is also conducive to analyzing the other party's environment from a deeper and newer perspective.
4. Self-disclosure. Starting from each other's needs, sharing your personal feelings, attitudes, ideas and experiences with them is called "self-opening" or "self-exposure" in psychology. "Self-disclosure" was put forward by Jourard in 1985, which plays an important role in psychological counseling: it can make visitors feel the sincerity and frankness of counselors, thus enhancing their trust in counselors; It can increase the self-openness of visitors.
5. explain.
It means that a counselor observes, describes and analyzes the essence, causes and development process of psychological problems of visitors by using some consulting theory or his own experience. When using interpretation, we should pay attention to moderation, and the interpretation methods should vary from person to person. The theoretical basis of the counselor's explanation is as consistent as possible with the existing theoretical orientation of the visitors, which is helpful for the visitors to understand and agree with the explanation.