1 municipal road engineering cost management content
The contents of municipal road engineering cost management mainly include: decision-making stage, design stage, construction stage and completion acceptance stage. It covers all stages of construction projects from pre-planning to construction implementation. It is a comprehensive work to reasonably determine the project cost at each stage, control the project cost within the reasonable target range at each stage, and implement the whole process, all-round, all-life and all-factor project cost management. In order to effectively implement cost management, the following principles should be followed: 1) Combination of active control and passive control. Sometimes, we must take some control measures in advance, instead of blindly correcting problems. 2) Focus on the design stage. After the project investment decision, the key point of cost control lies in the design stage, and its impact on the cost can reach more than half of the total investment, so we should pay special attention to this stage. 3) The combination of technology and economy. In order to effectively control the project cost, we should start from various aspects, take necessary measures in organization, technology and economy, strictly examine the cost through the comparison of various schemes, and choose the best scheme for construction. It can be seen that the combination of economy and technology is the most effective means to control the project cost.
2 municipal road engineering characteristics
Generally speaking, road engineering is a relatively large part of municipal construction investment. Due to the different construction scale, construction standards, geographical environment and engineering characteristics of each project, the cost is quite different. For example, in areas with complex terrain, the construction difficulty and cost will greatly increase; Construction in winter rainy season may delay the progress of the construction period, thus failing to guarantee the project quality and possibly increasing the project cost. Road construction also has the characteristics of tight construction period, heavy tasks, narrow construction site, complex underground pipelines, great construction difficulty, inadequate demolition in the early stage, and geological conditions inconsistent with geological exploration maps.
3 municipal road engineering cost control measures
Below I briefly talk about the cost control of municipal road engineering from the following aspects.
3. 1 design stage
Design is the soul of engineering. Design is generally divided into two stages: preliminary design and construction drawing design. The most basic work of design is to obtain information through investigation. For road engineering, geological survey is particularly important, which is an important basis for reasonably determining subgrade height, subgrade filling requirements, whether there is groundwater and adopting reasonable enclosure support. Therefore, the rationality and economy of design have a great influence on the cost, which is also the key factor for the service life of the road after completion. In the preliminary design stage, it is necessary to compare and select several schemes, evaluate each scheme scientifically and objectively, further improve the selected scheme, and provide reliable basis for construction drawing design. Secondly, for designers, it is necessary to have enough understanding of the site situation, reasonably design the construction plane and structure, and reduce the occurrence of changes. Design units should establish an evaluation system, strengthen the cost concept of designers and mobilize the enthusiasm of designers; Design units should also promote standard design, reduce duplication and save design resources. This shows the importance of project cost control in the design stage, and we should pay more attention to this stage.
3.2 Bidding stage
With the development of market economy, the bidding system of municipal road projects has been gradually improved, the competitive consciousness of enterprises has been gradually enhanced, and the rational allocation of economic resources has reduced the project cost, gradually improved the quality and accelerated the construction efficiency. In the bidding process, the following points should be achieved to control the project cost reasonably: 1) The preparation of bidding documents should be rigorous, the description of bill quantities should be accurate, and the quality of bill review should be strictly controlled. 2) Make clear the contract type, and clearly state the construction period, cost, quality, material and equipment price, mid-term and final payment of project funds, warranty period, etc. 3) Strengthen the standardized bid evaluation management system to ensure the fairness and justice of the bidding process. In the bidding process, the tenderers should be comprehensively evaluated and compared from technical and economic indicators, and the construction units with strong comprehensive strength, high technology content, low cost and excellent quality should be selected as the winning bidders within a reasonable cost range. In the bidding process, the scientific quotation method can reduce the risk of project cost to a certain extent, but in the specific construction, it should be determined according to the actual situation of the construction site, and the most suitable construction scheme should be selected through comparison in all aspects. As I said, only by strictly controlling the project cost in the bidding stage can we lay a good foundation for the follow-up links.
3.3 Construction stage
This stage is the stage of forming design drawings into entities, the stage of maximum cost investment and the important stage of project cost control. This stage is the time for the construction unit to control the project cost according to the contract and obtain corresponding profits, which is the core goal of the construction enterprise. At this stage, although the project cost has been included in the contract, some uncertain factors and poor design considerations at the site will lead to changes and visas, which will have an impact on the project cost at the construction stage. At this stage, in the process of construction, especially machinery and materials, the cost is the biggest. In order to control the cost and reduce the cost, the construction unit should focus on controlling the cost of materials, shop around at the source of material procurement, and choose materials with good quality and excellent price. It is absolutely not feasible for some construction units to reduce the project cost and the thickness of the base, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost, so that the quality of the pavement can not be guaranteed. Therefore, at this stage, targeted suggestions and improvement measures should be put forward for cost control under the premise of ensuring construction quality and use function to avoid waste in construction. New technologies and materials used in construction should be rationally allocated and utilized. In addition, construction management personnel should strengthen publicity and education, establish the consciousness of cost saving, and promote the maximization of material resources saving in construction links. At this stage, it will inevitably be affected by external factors, such as strong winds, hail and rainy season. , will have a certain impact on construction machinery and construction personnel, directly affect the construction progress. The project cost will also fluctuate greatly due to the fluctuation of market price, which should be considered in advance and belongs to the active control of project cost. At this stage, controlling the project cost is to reduce the project cost through the joint efforts of all departments. For the problems in design, timely feedback should be given and the change procedures should be performed, and the design should actively cooperate; For unforeseen factors in the construction, visas should be issued in time and handled in time on the same day. The data should be checked accurately to prevent over-counting and over-reporting, and photos, videos and other records should be made, which can only take effect after being signed and sealed by the construction unit, supervision unit and construction unit, so as to provide a true and reliable basis for settlement and ensure effective control of the project cost.
3.4 Training of project cost management personnel
The cost of highway construction projects has the characteristics of wide coverage, many uncertain factors and complexity. In order to ensure the rationality of project cost, it is inseparable from the quality training of cost personnel. Cost personnel should be encouraged to first consolidate professional engineering knowledge and skillfully use computers and software. At the same time, they should learn more new knowledge and constantly improve themselves. At present, there are some opportunism, high-priced procurement and high-risk estimation in highway construction, so the actual cost will be high. Therefore, project cost management personnel should strengthen the construction of work style, improve their ideological understanding and consciously resist unhealthy trends. In the future rapid economic development, it is necessary to cultivate new compound talents, improve the working ability of personnel and promote the better development of enterprises on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of municipal engineering cost.
Municipal road construction is the foundation of a city's development and marks the image of a city. Project cost control involves many aspects, and it is closely related to every process of the project. Controlling costs is the responsibility of each participant. Therefore, it is very important to comprehensively strengthen the cost control of municipal road engineering, but the difficulty of road construction cost control is still huge, which requires the full cooperation of all stages and contractors. Only by taking measures to solve the problems in time can we effectively improve the management level of municipal engineering, strive to reduce the project cost, improve the construction quality and improve the construction efficiency, so as to maximize the economic benefits.
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