With the application and popularization of new media such as Internet and mobile phones, human communication is becoming more and more common, and ideological and cultural exchanges are increasing. With the acceleration of globalization, the collision of international cultural exchanges is more direct and the competition is increasingly fierce. Under the general pattern of globalization, the position and role of culture in the competition of comprehensive national strength are more prominent.
Contemporary China has entered a critical period of building a well-off society in an all-round way and a crucial period of deepening reform and opening up and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. Culture has increasingly become an important source of national cohesion and creativity, an important factor in the competition of comprehensive national strength and an important support for economic and social development. Building a socialist cultural power is an inevitable choice for the Chinese nation to constantly strive for self-improvement, for China to move from an economic power to an economic power, and for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The inevitable choice for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
On the road to the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, only by prospering our culture can we safeguard the national cultural security. Building a socialist cultural power is an inevitable choice for the Chinese nation to pursue self-improvement, move from an economic power to an economic power and realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Text/Zhao Tao
The Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out the great significance of strengthening cultural construction by summing up the rich practice and valuable experience of China's cultural reform and development, put forward the guiding ideology of promoting the great development and prosperity of socialist culture and the development goal of China's cultural industry by 2020, deployed various important tasks of deepening cultural system reform and promoting the great development and prosperity of socialist culture, and emphasized strengthening the party's leadership over the development of cultural industry.
It can be expected that the implementation of the spirit and tasks of this conference will further set off a new upsurge in China's socialist cultural construction. This is of great and far-reaching significance to win the new victory of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China, create a new situation in the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The achievements of cultural reform and development have laid a good foundation for building a strong cultural country.
Chinese excellent traditional culture is the fruit and essence of the Chinese nation's 5,000-year spiritual activities, and it is one of the oldest and best cultures of mankind. China culture is extensive and profound. For example, China's ancient philosophy has the ideas of "man should be Tao, Tao should be natural" and "harmony between man and nature", which is the earliest cultural philosophy of environmental protection, respect for nature and respect for objective laws. Today, with the development of human history, it shows the wisdom of China's ancient philosophy to cope with global warming and protect the ecological environment.
China * * * Production Party is a faithful inheritor and disseminator of China's excellent traditional culture. We have always attached great importance to the important role of cultural work in revolution, construction and reform, and given full play to the role of culture in leading the way forward and rallying the forces of struggle, which has promoted the history of our party and various historical stages of our revolution and construction, and promoted the cause of the party and the people.
Since the reform and opening-up, especially since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's productive forces have adhered to both material civilization and spiritual civilization, and combined the rule of law with the rule of virtue to promote the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the understanding of the important position and role of culture, the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made major decisions and overall arrangements for the development and reform in the cultural field, constantly promoted the reform of the cultural system, promoted the all-round prosperity of cultural undertakings and the rapid development of cultural industries, and laid the foundation for the great development and prosperity of socialist culture. This year's Twelfth Five-Year Plan lists a chapter on "Inheriting and Innovating to Promote Great Cultural Development and Prosperity", and puts forward the goals of "establishing and improving the public cultural service system", "promoting the cultural industry to become a pillar industry of the national economy", "enhancing the international competitiveness and influence of Chinese culture, and enhancing the soft power of the country", and makes overall arrangements for China's cultural development during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.
Taking meeting the basic cultural needs of the people as the fundamental task of socialist cultural construction.
Under the condition of market economy, adhere to the public welfare of cultural undertakings. In recent years, according to the principles of commonweal, basicity, equality and convenience, all relevant departments in various localities have made great efforts to develop commonweal cultural undertakings, with the government as the leading factor, public finance as the support, and grassroots units, especially rural areas as the focus. Through the government's leading and guiding of diversified investment, the investment methods of public cultural services in various places are increasingly diversified, and a diversified investment mechanism is taking shape, which has promoted a substantial increase in investment in cultural undertakings. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, financial investment in culture at all levels increased substantially, and the national cultural expenditure totaled over 654.38+02 billion yuan, with an average annual increase of 654.38+09.3% during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. Among them, the state's investment in urban and rural cultural construction has increased by1/kloc-0.6% and 226. 1% respectively in the past five years, both of which have been "doubled". In 20 10, the national expenditure on cultural undertakings was 32.306 billion yuan, an increase of 14 1.4% compared with 2005. By increasing investment, strengthening the construction of cultural infrastructure and improving the public cultural service network, the people can enjoy free or preferential basic public cultural services widely. With the increase of financial investment in various cultural projects at all levels, major cultural projects that benefit the people have been accelerated. Public museums and memorial halls under the centralized management of cultural relics departments at all levels in China are open to the public free of charge, which enhances the radiation and influence of public cultural services. A public cultural service system covering urban and rural areas has initially taken shape, and the basic cultural rights and interests of the broad masses of the people have been more effectively guaranteed. The internal mechanism reform of public welfare cultural institutions has been deepened, and the management level and service efficiency have been significantly improved. At the same time, the state has also introduced a series of preferential tax policies to attract social forces to participate in cultural undertakings, and achieved initial results.
While increasing investment, in view of the problems existing in the development of cultural undertakings in China, such as the regional gap and the urban-rural gap, the investment in cultural undertakings is further tilted to the western region and the grassroots. For example, in 20 10, the expenditure on cultural undertakings in the western region reached 8.578 billion yuan, accounting for 26.6% of the whole country, which was 5. 1 percentage point higher than that in 2007. In some areas, key cultural facilities and public welfare cultural services will be included in the fiscal budget to ensure that the annual increase in investment in cultural construction is not lower than the increase in local financial recurrent revenue. Diversified investment in public cultural services has become a powerful guarantee for the construction of public cultural service system.
Promote the rapid development of cultural industry, so that cultural industry will gradually become a new economic growth point.
China's long history and rich resources have created great wealth for China's cultural industry, and the fields of attracting investment from the cultural industry have been expanding, from the state-owned funds in the past to the formation of diversified investment mechanisms:
First, government funds increase investment in cultural industries in various forms, such as investment funds, incentive funds, support funds and special funds. For example, Beijing has 500 million yuan of special funds for the support and development of cultural industries every year. Second, financial institutions such as banks have increased their support for cultural industries. Third, cultural enterprises enter the capital market for financing. Fourth, various investment funds invest in cultural industries, including dozens of cultural industry investment funds, various venture capital and private equity investment. The total investment in cultural industries is several hundred billion yuan. Fifth, the state gives strong support to the cultural industry and lists it as a pillar industry to stimulate the enthusiasm of private capital to invest in the cultural industry, such as enterprises investing in TV dramas and movies through innovative financial instruments. The cultural industry has attracted investment from enterprises in real estate, energy, mining, service industry and other industries. A large number of private capital has participated in exploring investment opportunities in the cultural industry, and more private capital has set foot in cultural industry investment. The formation of diversified investment and financing mechanism in cultural industry has accelerated the development trend of investment and financing in cultural industry in recent years.
Deepen the reform of the cultural system.
As the central link of the cultural system reform, the transformation of operating cultural units into enterprises was actively promoted, the reform task of publishing houses of various departments and units in the central government was completed as scheduled, the transformation of the whole industry in the fields of national publishing, film and television drama production was basically completed, and 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities realized the integration of radio and television transmission networks in the province.
Through deepening the reform of the cultural system, the original state-owned cultural institutions have become state-owned or state-controlled enterprise groups after the transformation, which are guided by the market economy, meet the cultural needs of the people, and effectively promote the development of cultural industries. Such as radio and television group, film group, press and publication group and other large state-owned groups, these state-owned or state-holding group enterprises make state-owned cultural institutions move from the original compartmentalization and geographical division to national operation; And through the reorganization of assets, bigger and stronger, to the international market. These state-owned or state-controlled cultural enterprises are the new force and main force of China's cultural industry, shouldering the heavy responsibility of prospering domestic cultural market consumption, promoting cultural products to go abroad and representing the country to face the world, and are the strategic core forces to promote cultural industries to become economic pillar industries. The lowering of the threshold for non-public capital to enter the cultural industry has promoted the development of private cultural enterprises. At present, a number of private cultural enterprises with strong economic strength and market competitiveness have emerged in the fields of publication distribution, TV drama production and cultural performances. The private performing arts industry has developed rapidly, with more than 7,000 private art troupes nationwide, far exceeding the sum of more than 2,000 state-owned art troupes. Culture, science and technology, tourism and other related industries are integrated and developed, and emerging cultural industries are growing rapidly.
The contribution rate of cultural industry to national economic growth is rising. In 20 10, the added value of China's cultural industry exceeded 1. 1 trillion yuan, an increase of 25.8% over the previous year, accounting for 2.75% of the GDP.
Actively carry out international cultural exchanges and cooperation.
The "going out" of China culture is accelerating day by day, and the international communication power and influence of the mainstream media in China are constantly improving. CCTV has built seven central reporter stations in Europe, America, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Africa, Latin America and Russia, and Radio China International has built 64 overseas all-frequency stations. Cultural activities of foreign cooperation and exchange are increasing. The export scale of cultural products and services has been expanding. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the total export volume of China's core cultural products was US$ 56.09 billion, an increase of 100% compared with the 10th Five-Year Plan period. The total export of cultural services was11.80 billion US dollars, an increase of 255.6% over the tenth five-year plan period.
Cultural industry has gradually become a new economic growth point, and active international exchanges and cooperation have laid a good foundation for further deepening the reform of cultural system and promoting the great development and prosperity of socialist culture.
The Necessity and Urgency of Building a Socialist Cultural Power
Since the founding of New China, especially in the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economic growth rate has been higher than that of the world for a long time, and its economic scale has been increasing, its economic strength has been significantly enhanced, and its international influence has been significantly enhanced. Especially in the current international economic environment, the European debt crisis has worsened, and the unemployment problem in the United States has continued to drag down, showing no signs of improvement. In the first three quarters, China's national economy maintained a steady and rapid development speed, which became an important stabilizing force for maintaining world economic development. However, no matter from the international situation or domestic development, the relative speed and scale of economic development and the degree of cultural prosperity are not enough, and the overall cultural strength is incompatible with China's economic strength and international influence.
Judging from the international situation and international competition. The world economic recession triggered by the international financial crisis continues to develop, the European debt crisis and the unemployment in the United States continue to ferment, and the world economy is once again in trouble. In the United States, there are120,000 unemployed people who have lost their homes because of unemployment, loss of income and inability to repay loans, and thousands of houses have been foreclosed, which has aggravated social contradictions. Occupy Wall Street, which originated in the United States, not only bloomed everywhere in hundreds of cities in the United States, but also spread to thousands of cities in dozens of countries around the world. This reflects that 99% of the people are dissatisfied with the current western finance, property, income distribution and even social system. Therefore, as pointed out in the communique of the meeting: "The world today is in a period of great development, great change and great adjustment."
In the current world culture and public opinion pattern, western culture is still in a dominant and dominant position, which is compatible with the long-term dominant and dominant position of western economy in the world economy. In the United States, for example, "Hollywood" movies account for two-thirds of the total box office in the world film market, and the total number of TV programs released in the United States reaches 30,000 hours every year. The movies exported by "Hollywood" have not only become an important part of the American economy, but also exported American values and lifestyles to the whole world, and its influence is self-evident. Other western developed countries also attach great importance to exporting their values and lifestyles through cultural industries and cultural products.
The development experience of the United States and other countries shows that culture is not only an important part of the economy, but also an important lever to promote economic development, and it also represents the civilization and development level of a country and a nation. In today's globalization, a strong culture is a strong international influence, so culture embodies a country's "soft power" and its international competitiveness. American cultural industry accounts for one-third of GDP, and the output value of American film industry, British and Italian creative industry, Japanese animation industry and Korean game industry all exceeds the output value of steel industry in their respective countries. As cultural industry is a green industry and an environmental protection industry, increasing the proportion of cultural industry in GDP is of positive significance for adjusting economic structure, saving resources, saving energy and protecting the environment. The greater the contribution of cultural industries to GDP, the more reasonable and balanced the economic structure.
At present, the output value of cultural industries in some areas of China has developed rapidly and the scale is considerable. For example, in recent years, the growth rate of added value of Zhejiang cultural industry has far exceeded the GDP growth rate in the same period, and its contribution rate to economic growth has gradually increased. According to estimates, the total added value of Zhejiang cultural industry in 20 10 was nearly10 billion yuan. At that time, 12.6% of Beijing's GDP was composed of cultural and creative industries, which made Beijing's economic structure more reasonable. On the whole, however, China's cultural strength is incompatible with its economic strength and international influence.
With the application and popularization of new media such as Internet and mobile phones, human communication is becoming more and more common, and ideological and cultural exchanges are increasing. With the acceleration of globalization, the collision of international cultural exchanges is more direct and the competition is increasingly fierce. In today's world, countries are not only facing economic competition, but also facing severe ideological and cultural challenges. Because the world is still the mainstream environment of western culture, although China's economic strength is increasing day by day, it still faces very severe challenges in the cultural field. It is both necessary and urgent to enhance the national cultural soft power and the international influence of Chinese culture.
As a developing economic power, if China wants to become an economic power, it must have a prosperous culture, let the world know about China culture, and have cultural enterprises and products that can go abroad. We need to spread Chinese culture through international cultural exchanges and cooperation, so that our culture can win respect, strengthen communication, enhance understanding and cooperation, let the outside world fully and accurately understand the true face of contemporary China, and create a better international environment for China's modernization.
Under the general pattern of globalization, the position and role of culture in the competition of comprehensive national strength is more prominent, and the task of maintaining national cultural security is arduous. On the road to the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, only by prospering our culture can we safeguard the national cultural security. Therefore, building a socialist cultural power is an inevitable choice for the Chinese nation to pursue self-improvement, for China to move from an economic power to an economic power, and for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. On the basis of increasing economic strength, we should pay attention to both material civilization and spiritual civilization to effectively enhance China's cultural strength. Contemporary Chinese sons and daughters have the responsibility to protect and inherit the excellent culture of the Chinese nation. To win the initiative in international competition, we must form our own cultural advantages as soon as possible, constantly enhance the overall strength of China culture and expand the international influence of China culture.
From the perspective of domestic development. With the development of China's economy and the improvement of people's income level, enriching spiritual and cultural life has increasingly become the ardent desire of the people of China, and people's demand for spiritual and cultural life is broader, deeper and more diverse. Cultural development is not fully adapted to economic and social development and people's increasingly rich spiritual and cultural needs, and some institutional and policy factors that restrict and restrict the development of cultural industries have not yet been solved. The role of culture in leading fashion, educating the masses, serving the society and promoting development has not been fully exerted.
In particular, culture, as an integral part of the superstructure, is counterproductive to the economic base. Due to the lack of cultural construction, the construction of ideals and beliefs, ideology and morality, and honesty have been affected, and there have been moral anomie phenomena such as forgetting righteousness, dishonesty, loving leisure and hating labor, showing off wealth and helping the rich, corruption, trading power and money, moral decay, shamelessness and so on. Feudal superstition, pornography, gambling and drugs and other social evils occur from time to time. In recent years, some incredible malignant cases have occurred frequently. This not only destroyed the fair trade principle of the market economy, disturbed the market order and affected the economic development, but also caused serious adverse consequences and adverse effects, seriously damaged the interests of consumers and people's health, increased social disputes and intensified social contradictions. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the cultural level and moral quality of citizens through cultural development, further improve the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the whole nation, promote the all-round development of people and give full play to the positive role of culture in economic development.
Material poverty is not socialism, spiritual emptiness is not socialism. Contemporary China has entered a critical period of building a well-off society in an all-round way and a crucial period of deepening reform and opening up and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. Culture has increasingly become an important source of national cohesion and creativity, an important factor in the competition of comprehensive national strength and an important support for economic and social development. In modern socialist China, people should not only live a solid and rich material life, but also enjoy a healthy and rich cultural life.
Therefore, we must seize and make good use of the important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, consciously promote cultural prosperity while persisting in taking economic construction as the center, and take further promoting the coordinated development of cultural construction with economic construction, political construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction as the basic requirement for thoroughly implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, so as to provide strong ideological guarantee, strong spiritual motivation, strong public opinion support and good cultural conditions for continuing to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, promote scientific development and promote social harmony.
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