1, scientific principle
Psychological consultation must be guided by scientific theories such as psychology, sociology, pedagogy and medicine, and follow scientific laws. It is forbidden to publicize and adopt all unscientific theories and methods such as religion, superstition and illusion.
2. Principle of confidentiality
Keep the personal information, consultation content and treatment plan of visitors strictly confidential.
3, the principle of time limit
The time for each consultation is generally about 40 to 50 minutes. In principle, the consultation time or interval cannot be extended at will.
4. The principle of emotional restriction
The communication between counselors and visitors is limited to the scope of work and the interference of emotional factors is strictly controlled. Psychological counselors and visitors are prohibited from conducting any consulting activities outside the consulting room.
5, the principle of value neutrality
Psychological counselors can't make value choices instead of visitors, don't make tendentious criticisms on values and personal styles, and can have equal discussions with visitors.
The process of psychological counseling:
1, induction and induction stage
Establish a mentoring relationship. Collect relevant information, preliminarily clarify the problems, and clarify the counseling needs; A preliminary understanding of the personal and environmental resources of all parties; Make a decision to accept the case. Make consultation arrangements.
2, the problem-personal exploration stage
Establish a good relationship, collect relevant information, and further clarify and understand the problem. Assist the parties to explore themselves and realize a deeper understanding of the parties.
3, objectives and program discussion stage
Stimulate the client's motivation to change, and handle the relationship between the client's expectations and goals. Consultants should understand the limitations of existing intervention methods and their own abilities, and the determination of consulting goals should be centered on the client, with consultants playing an auxiliary role.
4. Action/transformation phase
Avoid making the parties passive, accepting and dependent. Stay flexible. In real life, we should pay attention to the migration and application of harvest. The action/transformation stage should be evaluated frequently, that is, according to the established goals, to see how much progress has been made in counseling and treatment.
5, evaluation/end stage
Evaluate the goal gain and deal with the problem of ending the relationship: separation anxiety. Prepare for the transfer of study and self-reliance The last meeting.