1, technical factors:
E-commerce technology refers to computer technology, network technology and remote technology used to realize the electronization, digitalization and networking of the whole business processes such as office automation, financial business, production process, enterprise collaboration, customer relationship management, supply chain management and parent-subsidiary management.
Scholars' research shows that enterprises can effectively reduce their operating costs, improve production efficiency and expand the market scale by adopting e-commerce technology.
Technical factors are the main factors that affect the innovation adoption of individuals, organizations or an industry, which can be divided into two stages: the adoption stage of e-commerce technology and the integration stage of e-commerce technology.
It mainly includes: the relative advantages of technology, the technical level of enterprise e-commerce, the trust in e-commerce technology, network externalities, environmental basic conditions and so on.
A. Relative advantages of technology: Research shows that the more obvious the relative advantages of e-commerce technology, the more inclined enterprises are to adopt it.
B. the technical level of e-commerce: IT is the main part of the IT environment within the enterprise.
That is to say, the higher the technical level, the more IT professional technicians and rich relevant experience, the easier it is for enterprises to adopt e-commerce technology.
C. Trust in e-commerce technology: According to the basic principle of trust theory, the more enterprises trust in e-commerce technology, the easier it is to adopt it.
As the basis of e-commerce security, technical trust mechanism has penetrated into all aspects of e-commerce network, which makes the fast service of e-commerce have reliable technical guarantee.
Technical trust mechanism includes security services such as digital signature, encryption technology and authorization mechanism. These services provide reliable, timely, accurate and perfect data processing support, and even include control mechanisms, that is, procedures for monitoring and controlling processes to ensure correct execution.
The changes brought by e-commerce to enterprises are not only technical, but also accompanied by the transformation of enterprise management mode, which requires the top managers of enterprises to have the courage and courage to innovate, eliminate all kinds of obstacles and change the old management methods of enterprises. Therefore, the success of e-commerce technology can not be separated from the strong support of top managers.
D network externality: refers to the value of connecting to a network, which depends on the number of other people or organizations quietly connecting to the network.
Whether an enterprise can make better use of e-commerce technology to obtain benefits mainly depends on the number of other enterprises accessing the network.
E. Environmental infrastructure conditions: The use of e-commerce technology mainly depends on the Internet. Therefore, the quality of environmental telecommunications infrastructure conditions will significantly affect the diffusion of e-commerce technology, and good infrastructure conditions will accelerate the adoption of e-commerce technology by enterprises.
With the development of information technology.
More and more enterprises are beginning to try to use Internet-based e-commerce technology to improve their business performance. By using e-commerce, enterprises can easily share product information with other enterprises, promote product transactions, improve customer service and strengthen cooperation and exchanges with trading partners.
2. Organizational factors:
A. the trust mechanism of trading partners.
We interpret this trading partner trust mechanism as the organization's trust in trading partners, thus fulfilling the will of commercial transactions.
Because this willingness is in line with the agency's expectations for the transaction.
We think this is a prerequisite for developing e-commerce.
If both sides of the transaction lack trust in each other, business activities cannot rise to a higher level.
In fact, the prosperity of e-commerce must be based on high reliability among trading partners.
This is also the purpose of the trust mechanism of our trading partners.
B, the strength of trading partners.
In recent research, researchers have proved the influence of customer power on electronic data interchange (EDI).
These studies show that the increasing customer power has led to the simplification of the diversity of electronic data exchange.
Even some other theories support this theory, and the higher bargaining power of industrial consumers and suppliers is likely to lead to lower industrial profits.
Therefore, we believe that the strength of both parties can have a considerable impact on the organizational interests of e-commerce.
C. the strength of trading partners.
In recent research, researchers have proved the influence of customer power on electronic data interchange (EDI).
These studies show that the increasing customer power has led to the simplification of the diversity of electronic data exchange.
Even some other theories support this theory, and the higher bargaining power of industrial consumers and suppliers is likely to lead to lower industrial profits.
Therefore, we believe that the strength of both parties can have a considerable impact on the organizational interests of e-commerce.
D. strategic flexibility.
Strategic flexibility is an ability to emphasize the core position of strategic management.
This management ability can accurately adjust, integrate and reorganize the skills, resources and functions inside and outside the organization.
To meet the requirements of the changing environment.
Therefore, we expect that strategic flexibility can promote the organizational interests of e-commerce.
E. supply chain integration mechanism.
We believe that supply chain integration is to integrate the direct customers and suppliers of the organization.
It reflects the relative importance of external integration as a manifestation of upstream and downstream integration.
In addition, this concept reflects that internal integration is as important as organizational structure in e-commerce enterprises.
F, organizational interests.
Undeniably, the ultimate goal of e-commerce is to bring benefits to organizations.
Of course, this will eventually lead to more intense competition.
In recent ten years, the evaluation of e-commerce technology has always been the focus of attention in the industry, and once attracted the interest of academia and industry.
In a word, the benefits that organizations get from e-commerce technology mainly come from four aspects: information quality, communication effectiveness, business efficiency and competitive advantage.
The benefits that organizations get from e-commerce technology mainly come from four aspects: information quality, communication effectiveness, business efficiency and competitive advantage. The background of realizing these four sources of interest is the application network of e-commerce; The internal and external environment of the organization itself is the key factor, which is mainly manifested in six aspects: trading partner trust mechanism, technical trust mechanism, trading partner strength, e-commerce infrastructure, strategic flexibility and supply chain integration mechanism.
3. Environmental factors:
A. Political environment of e-commerce: Taking Shijiazhuang as an example, the overall level of e-commerce in our city is still low, and its role in improving the service function of the city and optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure has not been fully exerted.
However, accelerating the development of e-commerce is the "general trend".
Accelerating the development of e-commerce is an inevitable choice to implement Scientific Outlook on Development, promote the transformation of economic development mode, improve the quality and efficiency of economic operation, and realize sound and rapid economic development.
The planning period of e-commerce in Shijiazhuang is divided into three stages: the first stage is from 2009 to 20 1 1 year, and the short-term goals are to complete the overall planning of e-commerce, straighten out the management system of e-commerce, establish innovative institutions for e-commerce, and complete the construction of Shijiazhuang e-commerce comprehensive information network and third-party e-commerce service and trading platform. The e-commerce environment including credit system, electronic payment system and logistics distribution system has basically taken shape. More than 30% of the enterprises in the city have applied conventional e-commerce, and online procurement and sales of key enterprises account for more than 25% and 10% of their total procurement and sales respectively. More than 50% urban households with computers participate in online consumption.
The second stage, 20 12 to 20 15, is the medium-term goal. The goal is that enterprises in the city will develop conventional e-commerce applications to more than 40% of the total number of enterprises, and the proportion of online procurement and sales of key enterprises in their total procurement and sales will exceed 40% and 20% respectively. More than 60% urban households with computers participate in online consumption.
The third stage, from 20 16 to 2020, is a long-term goal. The goal is to significantly improve the application level of electronic commerce. The conventional e-commerce application of enterprises in the city has reached more than 80% of the total number of enterprises, and online procurement and sales of key enterprises account for the total procurement and sales.
The proportion exceeds 60% and 40% respectively, and more than 80% of urban families with computers participate in online consumption.
B. Economic environment of e-commerce: The economic environment of e-commerce refers to the economic conditions for establishing business activities on the technical platform supported by information and network technology, including information network infrastructure, enterprise informatization and financial electronization.
In a good economic environment of e-commerce, enterprises can use the network and beyond space boundary to carry out business in all aspects, from inquiry and procurement of raw materials to product development, production, publicity, sales, payment and settlement, and dealings with banks around the world.
The economic environment of e-commerce includes e-commerce infrastructure construction, enterprise informatization and financial electronization.
Since 1990s, the development of network information technology and infrastructure construction in our province has developed at an extraordinary speed, and now it has a certain foundation.
However, due to economic strength, scientific and technological development level and management, the existing network infrastructure and related scientific and technological level in our province are still at a low level, and the slow internet access, high fees and insufficient Chinese information on the Internet have become very prominent problems reflected by netizens.
The information construction of enterprises in our province has a history of more than 20 years. Many enterprises have established internal networks and used information network technology for information processing and auxiliary management to varying degrees.
Many enterprises with information hardware equipment often take establishing their own websites and receiving electronic orders through the Internet as the whole of e-commerce, but cannot use information technology and existing hardware facilities to realize the informationization of the whole internal process of enterprises, so that many enterprises are slow to respond to market information, miss many business opportunities and have very low benefits.
The establishment of the socialist market economic system requires enterprises to develop themselves and be responsible for their own profits and losses.
In the process of enterprise informatization, we should first make full use of existing information technology resources.
With the deepening of economic system reform, enterprises should mainly rely on their own strength to raise funds. By enhancing the reputation of enterprises, enterprises can meet the capital demand of accelerating the process of enterprise informatization by financing from financial enterprises and capital markets.
C. Social environment of e-commerce: the ranks of netizens are small, the structure is immature and the development is extremely uneven.
According to the latest Internet Development Report, the proportion of netizens who have received higher education in China is as high as 84%. At present, netizens are pioneers, far from being popular.
The network awareness of enterprises and individuals is immature.
At present, many enterprises have established their own websites to carry out online business. It should be said that it has become a fashion for enterprises to surf the Internet.
But the problem is that many companies don't know what they can do online, or just think they are just building a website.
Recently, the State Economic and Trade Commission conducted a survey of 300 national key enterprises, and found that although more than 70% of them have access to the Internet, most of them only set up homepages and e-mails on the Internet, neither using network materials nor conducting business activities on the Internet. However, some enterprises exaggerated the role of e-commerce, pursued large-scale, comprehensive, multi-dimensional operation of e-commerce, but did not choose their own key resources or links, or overemphasized the front-end system.