In the twenty-fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, villagers rebuilt the temple, but at this time, residential buildings gradually appeared near Tapogang, which brought inconvenience to the construction of Buddhist temples. They chose the reconstruction site in the suburbs (formerly known as Shige, which belongs to the East Production Brigade of Suburban Commune, that is, part of the current site of the Party School of Foshan District Committee) and named it Tapo Ancient Temple. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Qin An, a monk, went to Beijing to celebrate the birthday of Empress Dowager Cide and received a batch of Buddhist scriptures from the imperial court. Qin 'an also raised funds to expand the Buddhist temple in Beijing, and built a Buddhist scripture building in the temple to store these Buddhist scriptures, so Tapo Ancient Temple is also called Jingtang Ancient Temple. As for the original Tapo Temple, it was the villagers here who converted it into an ancient temple. Dedicated to the statue of Dongyue Emperor, renamed Tapo Temple.
Later, it was a long time ago, and it was renovated many times. In order to commemorate the first place in Foshan, during the renovation, the villagers deliberately embedded two stones in front of the bottom, one engraved with "the first place in Foshan" and the other engraved with "the legacy of pastoral songs" (there were eight scenes in ancient Foshan, one of which was called "Tapo pastoral song"). In addition, a stone tablet engraved with the words "two years of Zhenguan in Foshan" was installed on the well in front of the temple.
The historical relics of these stone carvings have been removed from the ancestral temple by Foshan Museum and preserved after liberation.
People often ask: Although this place is called "Foshan", why is there neither Buddha nor mountain?
Here is called "Foshan" (also known as "Chancheng"), which began in the second year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (628). At that time, some residents found three small bronze Buddha statues on Tapogang. People thought it was a mountain of Buddhism, so they named it "Foshan" and rebuilt the Buddhist temple. It has gradually become the Buddhist center of the Pearl River Delta, so it is also called Chancheng.
According to legend, in the second year of Long 'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (398), a monk named Dapiyeshe in Shibin State (present-day Kashmir) took three small bronze buddhas and set up a shed in Tapogang to talk about Buddhist scriptures and preach Buddhism. Later generations called "shed" "hall". Since then, the number of men and women who believe in Buddhism has been increasing. People donated money to build Tapo Temple, where the Grand Piesche lived and worshipped Buddha. After David returned to China, the temple collapsed because of disrepair. The three small Buddha statues excavated in the second year of Zhenguan may be the original Buddha statues in the temple. In the 24th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (139 1), Tapo Temple was demolished. It was rebuilt later. In the seventh year tomorrow (1627), Tapo Mountain has been leveled, and people are rebuilding Tapo Temple in Wanshoufang, Yilingpu. In the fourth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1854), Chen Kai, the leader of the Heaven and Earth Society, and Li, a famous Cantonese opera player, failed in their rebellion against the Qing Dynasty in Foshan. Tapo Temple and Qionghua Hall of Dajiwei Cantonese Opera Troupe were burned by Qing soldiers and disappeared. In the third year of Guangxu reign (1877), the abbot of Hualin Temple in the province donated money for reconstruction. Diligent hands-on, praying for the 60th birthday of Empress Dowager Cixi, was awarded a golden book by Empress Dowager Cixi, and was named "Wanshou Tapo Ancient Temple". Later, the temple was expanded and renamed "Jingtang". After Qin 'an's death, people were angry because the host and monks who succeeded him did not obey the law and discipline. The crowd tried to catch the monks, and they all ran away. Everyone destroyed the "Jing Tang", and three small bronze Buddha statues were nowhere to be found. By the time of the Republic of China, although there was an old monk guarding the temple, it was abandoned because of disrepair. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, "Jing Tang" was incorporated into the Foshan Party School (which still exists today).
Buddhism flourished in Foshan in Qing Dynasty. Temples are all over the city. In addition to the Jing Tang and Tiefo Temple in Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty, Ningju Temple, Kongjue Temple and Deshou Temple were also built in Shunzhi period. During the Kangxi period, there were Sanyuan Temple, Hongsheng Temple, Jiean Temple, Baoan Temple, xi 'an Temple, Hufeng Temple, Longchi Temple, Kannonji, Bieyuan Temple, Zhuyuan Temple and Baozhou Temple. During the Yongzheng period, there were Tongji Temple, Shisan Temple, Chikulinji Temple, Yingshou Temple, Jinglian Temple, Fuyuan Temple, Bai Hao Temple, Hongsheng Temple, Dizang Temple, Chang'an Temple Temple, Cha'an Temple Temple and Huayan Temple. During the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, there were Jixiang Temple, Yan Hui 'an Temple, Lotus Society, etc., with more than 60 places * */kloc-0.
During the Republic of China, there were only a few temples, such as Jingtang, Tiefo Temple, Sanyuan Temple, Ninja Ji, Yan Hui 'an and Lotus Society. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, due to various reasons, Sanyuan Temple, Tiefo Temple, Lotus Society, etc. (including Ni 'an Temple) were destroyed, and all the Buddha statues were gone. Only the Ruyi Tower of Ningdu Temple and its temples remain. After 1958, most of Ningju Temple was changed to the Municipal Quyi Society, and there was no Buddha in the temple. During the "Cultural Revolution", more than ten porcelain buddhas in Ruyi Pagoda were destroyed or lost, and all pagodas and inscriptions were destroyed. Therefore, the only ancestral halls left now are Ningjuji and Ruyi Pagoda, with temples but no buddhas. This is why there is no Buddha in Foshan.
As for the "mountains" in Foshan, there are mountains and hills (also called hills by locals) after becoming a family. At that time, there was Tiger Hill at the border (near Wanshoufang) and Tapogang at the front (around Laopujunwei). There is Sanxuegang (the intersection of Juzhengli and Funing in Fuxian Road) in the middle, which is a tall and flat umbrella-shaped gang, so it is commonly known as pholiota adiposa Gang, and it is listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Foshan together with Tapogang. There is Spider Mountain in the south of Central China, which is actually a hill and covers a wide area. There are *** 18 large mounds in the shape of spiders, water army, duck woman, Datang, pomegranate, Yao Lei, flying squirrel and white horse. There is a camp in the east of the central part, which is the highest post and the shortest post (now in the area of Jianxin Road Analytical Instrument Factory); There is a mud mound in front of the Confucius Temple on the left bank of the Jishui River in the middle, which is formed by the partial accumulation of clay molds left by iron smelting. There is a watch post in the northeast, which is Zhonggang (now Dawei, Lianhua Road); Dajitou (the left bank of the bridge), a tributary of Fenjiang River, has Qingyun Mountain, which confronts Leigang Mountain in Nanhai County. Although the mountain is not high, it is full of rugged stones, hence the name Shiyunshan.
The above hills, except Tapo, Sanxue and Biaogang, were rebuilt as markets and cities during the apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the rest of Tiger Hill, Dengzhan and Shiyunshan Spider Mountain (Yinggang) were razed to the ground and houses and factories were built. Now, there is only one clay mountain left beside the ancestral temple. This is the change of "mountain" and "hill" in Foshan.
There are 68 temples in Foshan, including the ancestral temple, Guanyin, Guandi, Tianhou and Tan Xuan from the late Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, due to various reasons and the destruction during the "Cultural Revolution", only the ancestral temple in Foshan was fortunately preserved, and now it has become one of the famous tourist attractions at home and abroad.
Foshan is an ancient and young city, located in the south-central part of Guangdong Province, in the hinterland of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangzhou in the east, Zhaoqing in the west, Zhuhai in the south, Qingyuan in the north and Hong Kong and Macao. Fertile land, mild climate, abundant rainfall and evergreen seasons. It belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, with annual average temperature of 22.1c and rainfall of 1600-2000mm. Natural resources mainly include clay, rocks, glass sand, rare metals, pond fish, rice, sugar cane and various fruits and flowers. Now it is a prefecture-level city, which governs the urban area and Shiwan District, Shunde City, Nanhai City, Sanshui City and Gaoming City, with a total area of 38 13.64 square kilometers, including 77.4 square kilometers in the urban area; The population is 3,358,500, including 488,600 in the urban area, which is famous.
Foshan is a famous cultural city with a long history. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, it had become a large village where farmers and fishermen lived together, and the villagers called it "Ji Hua Township". In the second year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (AD 628), three Buddha statues were excavated on Tapogang in the city, so they were named "Foshan" in the stone table. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the handicraft industry, commerce and culture in Foshan were very prosperous. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, it had developed into a Lingnan town with many businessmen and developed industry and commerce. Together with Hankou Town in Hubei, Jingdezhen Town in Jiangxi and Zhuxian Town in Henan, it is called the "Four Famous Towns" in China. It used to be the largest commodity distribution center and commercial center in the south of China, and was listed as one of the "four major gatherings" in China (Beijing, Foshan, Suzhou and Hankou). Since ancient times, Foshan has been known as the "Guangzhou Yarn Center", "Southern Pottery Bean" and "the birthplace of Lingnan medicinal materials", and it is well-known.
After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), Foshan was established on19511102. Foshan Zone was established in 1958, which governs Foshan, Jiangmen and Shi Qi and Zhongshan 13 counties. 1970, Foshan area was renamed as Foshan area, which governs 14 counties (cities); From June 65438 to June 0983, the system of city leading county was implemented, which governed two districts, namely, urban district and Shiwan district, and four cities, namely, Nanhai City, Shunde City, Sanshui City and Gaoming City.
June 2002165438+1October 18 Foshan was approved by the State Council, and now it has jurisdiction over five districts: Chancheng District, Nanhai District, Shunde District, Sanshui District and Gaoming District. The total area of the city is 3848.49 square kilometers, and the current urban area (namely Chancheng District) 153.69 square kilometers; The registered population of the city is 3.3898 million, and the permanent population is more than 5.6 million. At present, there are 800,800 people in the urban area (namely Chancheng District). Foshan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, with 1.3 million overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao. Among them, there are more than 600,000 Hong Kong and Macao compatriots.
In recent years, Foshan's economy has developed rapidly, and it has been rated as one of the top 50 cities in China with comprehensive strength, strong economic and social development level 10, excellent investment hardware environment and one of the first 36 cities in China to reach a well-off level. It has also won the titles of national historical and cultural city, national health city and "double support" model city. This is the unique advantage of Foshan's vigorous development of tourism.
Great changes have taken place in Foshan's economy and society since the reform and opening up. The economic aggregate grew rapidly. In 2002, the city's GDP was11686.6 billion yuan, with a per capita GDP of 35,000 yuan. Through the economic system reform, a relatively standardized enterprise management mechanism, public asset management and operation mechanism, social security and service mechanism and a relatively perfect market operation environment have been formed. Great progress has been made in various social undertakings, and many awards have been won by the United Nations, such as "National Health City", "National Garden City", "National Double Support Model City", "National Advanced City in Science and Education" and "Excellent Example of Human Settlements". In the late 1980s, Foshan became one of the first 14 cities in China to enter the well-off level. 1992 was listed as one of the top 50 cities in China by China City Evaluation Center. Now Foshan has become one of the top 50 cities in China.
Foshan enjoys convenient water, land and air transportation, forming a modern transportation network with complete roads, railways, aviation and river transportation and strong radiation. Foshan is the first prefecture-level city in China and the first prefecture-level telephone city in South China. In recent years, the computer information network has developed rapidly, and the "Foshan Information Network Interconnection Platform" has been built. Foshan has five customs (Foshan Customs, Shunde Customs, Nanhai Customs, Sanshui Customs and Gaoming Customs), four passenger ports (Shunde Port, Nanhai Port, Gaoming Port and Foshan Railway Station), 16 foreign ports and nine container terminals (Shilan Port, Foshan Newport, Shunde Port, Beijiao Port, Nanhai Port and Sanshan Port). Foreign passenger and cargo distribution is convenient and fast.
Foshan is an important commodity distribution center in southern China in history. After the reform and opening up, the commerce and trade industry has developed vigorously, and now it has formed a multi-component, multi-level, multi-channel and multi-form commerce and trade circulation network that spreads all over urban and rural areas and radiates at home and abroad.
The climate of Foshan belongs to the south subtropical maritime monsoon climate, characterized by warm and rainy climate, and the annual average temperature is between 2 1.2 ~ 22.2℃. With abundant rainfall and spring-like seasons, it has been a land of fish and rice since ancient times. The Xijiang River and Beijiang River of the Pearl River system run through the whole territory, and this fertile soil is alluvial.
Foshan is rich in tourism resources, and its geographical, cultural and artificial cultural landscapes are colorful. Founded in the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1078- 1085), Foshan Zumiao is a temple integrating ancient ceramics, wood carving, casting and architectural art. It is said that it was built in the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1078- 1085) to worship Taoism. The original building was burnt down at the end of Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the fifth year of Hongwu in the early Ming Dynasty (1372). It is called ancestral temple because it has a long history and is the first temple in Foshan. Shunde Qinghui Garden, one of the four famous gardens in Guangdong in Qing Dynasty, is a national scenic spot, Xiqiao Mountain in Nanhai, Confucius Temple, Ningju Temple, Kang Youwei's former residence in Nanhai, Xishan Temple in Shunde, Xujiangzu Temple in Sanshui Lubao, Wenta, Gaoming Wenchang Tower and Guiling Tower, which attracts many tourists.
Foshan, the birthplace of China Cantonese Opera, is a famous hometown of martial arts, art, ceramics and delicious food.
Foshan is located at the intersection of East Asia and Southeast Asia, and the Asia-Pacific economy is active. Together with Guangzhou, it is located in the middle of the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, one of the most economic strengths and development vitality in China. Work together to create a "Guangfo Economic Circle". With its unique geographical advantages, Foshan can fully accept the radiation and drive of Guangzhou, share resources such as transportation network, financial capital, talents and information with Guangzhou, realize industrial linkage and complementary functions, and accelerate the process of regional economic integration and urbanization. Foshan city is 1 hour drive from Guangzhou's three major transportation hubs (Guangzhou New Baiyun Airport, Guangzhou Nansha Port and Guangzhou Railway Station). Foshan is adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, 23 1km away from Hong Kong and 0/43 km away from Macao, which enables Foshan to make full use of the market advantages of Hong Kong and Macao and its status as an international metropolis, and promote Foshan's extensive participation in the world economy and internationalization.