According to different periods, world history can be divided into ancient history, modern history and modern history. According to different regions, it can be divided into the history of different regions; According to the different representative things, it can be divided into the history of different things.
Influenced by the humanistic trend of thought in the Renaissance, people began to be interested in the world history of various regions rather than the whole in the early stage, while the Enlightenment made the West really interested in the historical development of the whole world. By the19th century, historiography had further developed and formed many theories to explain world history. Although the understanding of world history at that time was often centered on the west and developed from a historical perspective, it was already a real world history.
The development of world history is not the independent development of each civilized region, but the interaction between civilizations in many cases. The earliest civilization spread was that the culture of West Asia and Egypt spread to Crete, forming Aegean civilization, and then spread to the Greek peninsula, which gave birth to ancient Greek culture.
As far as the communication and influence between civilizations are concerned, the most famous one is Alexander the Great's crusade to the East, which fused ancient Greek culture with Western Asian and Persian cultures and further influenced India. Furthermore, Zhang Qian in China is connected with the Western Regions, which also makes many cultural relics from the Western Regions flow into China and eventually become a part of China culture, such as pipa and wine glasses. China's papermaking in Tang Dynasty was introduced to the west, which promoted the spread and popularization of western knowledge.
Major wars in history often produce collisions between civilizations and then influence each other. Mongolia's Western Expedition and Crusade, the former brought gunpowder into Europe, but gunpowder brought more terrible destruction; Although the latter promoted the development of European shipping and commerce, it deepened the hatred and conflict between the Muslim world and the Christian world.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-World History