① Coniferous forests and mixed coniferous and broadleaved forests in Northeast China. The main natural forest areas in China are 30.94 million hectares of forests, accounting for 26.9% of the country; The forest stock is 2.89 billion cubic meters, accounting for 32% of the country; The forest coverage rate is about 37.6%. After logging, regeneration and artificial transformation, the proportion of artificial forests in this area will gradually increase. The Daxinganling Mountains in the northwest of this area are mainly larch (Larix gmelinii) forests and secondary forests of birch and Populus davidiana. In some areas, there are Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest, poplar and red willow (also known as red willow) along the river, and there are poor-growing Mongolian oak forests in the southeast. Xiaoxing 'anling is mainly Korean pine forest and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest. Besides Korean pine, conifers include larch, ichthyosis pine, Korean spruce and fir (stinky pine). Broadleaf trees include Tilia amurensis, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica, pineapple, elm and maple, as well as various birch and poplar trees. The forests in Changbai Mountain area are similar to Xiaoxing 'an Mountains, but the proportion of broad-leaved tree species has increased, including Sha Song (a kind of fir) and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Changbai.
② Subalpine coniferous forest and mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest in southwest China. Located in the southeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it is the second largest natural forest area in China. The height difference of this forest area is very large, and the forest is mainly distributed in the middle and lower part of the hillside, generally below 4000 meters. There are 22.45 million hectares of forest land in the whole region, accounting for 19.5% of the whole country. The forest stock is 3.58 billion cubic meters, accounting for 39.7% of the country; The forest coverage rate is 28.3%. There are many kinds of conifers in the forest area, such as fir, spruce, larch, alpine pine and hemlock. There are many kinds of broadleaf trees, such as birch, maple and alpine oak. Tilia amurensis, Ulmus pumila, Maple, Alpine Pine and Pinus armandii are found at lower altitudes, and evergreen broad-leaved trees such as FAGACEAE and Lauraceae appear on the slopes at lower altitudes. The undergrowth plants in the forest area include rhododendron, raspberry, honeysuckle and arrow bamboo. There are many rare animals living in the forest area. Giant pandas grow in spruce and fir forests with arrow bamboo as the main undergrowth plants; There are also golden monkeys, pronghorn and so on.
Because this area is located in the upper reaches of many tributaries of the Yangtze River, the role of forests in water conservation should be paid full attention to. Forests on steep slopes and ridges should be designated as water source forests, and necessary nature reserves should be designated to protect rare species and forest types.
(3) Southern coniferous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests and economic forests such as camellia oleifera and tung oil tree. The main trees in this area are Pinus massoniana, Pinus taiwanensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Cryptomeria fortunei, cypress, all kinds of bamboos (mainly Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens and many evergreen broad-leaved trees (mainly Cinnamomum camphora, Phoebe bournei, Phoebe bournei, Quercus stone, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Schima superba, Manglietia, Dingfeng and Schima superba). In addition, there are many deciduous broad-leaved trees, such as many kinds of oak (including Quercus variabilis, Quercus acutissima, Quercus microphylla and Jatropha curcas), Zelkova schneideriana, Liquidambar formosana, Zelkova schneideriana, Pseudo-alder and Betula luminifera. Many endemic tree species in China are native to this area. Conifers include ginkgo, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Chinese fir, Pinus bungeana, Taiwania flousiana, Cephalotaxus fortunei and Fokienia hodginsii. Broad-leaved trees include Davidia involucrata, Eucommia ulmoides, Camptotheca acuminata, ornamental trees, Bole trees and fragrant fruit trees. A variety of economic forest products mainly include camellia oleifera, tung oil, butter, raw lacquer, palm, cypress, Eucommia ulmoides and Fraxinus mandshurica. Camellia oleifera covers an area of about 3 million hectares; Tung oil is about 2 million hectares.