In order to actively and steadily implement the urban renewal action, on August 10, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Notice on Preventing Demolition and Construction in the Implementation of Urban Renewal Action (Draft for Comment) (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), drawing a bottom line from persistence and preventing deformation and distortion of urban renewal; Persist in staying and staying, and spare no effort to maintain the memory of the city; Adhere to our capabilities, steadily promote transformation and upgrading, and put forward 1 1 practical requirements for urban renewal.
The "Notice" clarifies that it is necessary to strictly control the demolition and construction, strictly control the relocation of residents, and ensure the stability of supply and demand in the housing rental market. A senior expert on urban renewal, who did not want to be named, told 2 1 Century Business Herald that large-scale demolition and construction did not meet the requirements of urban renewal. Don't tear it down if you can change it. If necessary, scientific research and planning should be done well in advance.
Strictly control demolition and construction.
In terms of strictly controlling large-scale demolition and construction, the Notice stipulates that all existing buildings will not be demolished or demolished in pieces except those that are illegal and identified as dangerous buildings. In principle, the demolition area of the old city renewal unit (district) or project should not be greater than 20% of the current total construction area.
In terms of strictly controlling large-scale construction, the notice clearly stated that in addition to building necessary public service facilities, there will be no large-scale new construction scale, no breakthrough in the original density intensity of the old city, and no increase in the bearing pressure of resources and environment.
In the past practice of urban renewal, it is not uncommon for local governments to demolish large buildings. Li, chief researcher of Guangdong Housing Policy Research Center, told 2 1 Century Business Herald that the main motivation of local governments in urban renewal is to release more urban space for urban development at low cost and low density, such as real estate development investment, infrastructure investment and urban landmark project construction.
"Increasing the floor area ratio through large-scale demolition and construction can release a lot of urban space and stimulate urban economic growth and fixed investment growth." Li said to him.
Ling Yan (pseudonym), who is engaged in urban renewal business in a well-known real estate enterprise, said in an interview with 2 1 Century Business Herald that "demolition and construction" means "doubling GDP", and GDP is an important indicator for the assessment of local government officials. In order to improve their political achievements, many local government officials "demolished and rebuilt" in the practice of urban renewal. However, demolition and construction will not only affect the appearance of the city, but also affect the living experience of residents in urban renewal areas.
In addition, the "Notice" also proposes to strictly control the old city reconstruction and expansion, the scale and construction intensity of new buildings, and in principle, the demolition-construction ratio in renewal units (districts) or projects should not be greater than 2. This has the consideration of paying attention to residents' living experience, promoting the development of the old city and paying attention to the development of the new city.
The demolition ratio shall not exceed 2, that is to say, at most 2 buildings shall be demolished 1. "This is obviously to promote the development of the old city. If a city wants to develop, it can only build a new city, "Ling Yan said. He pointed out that compared with Beijing's strict urban renewal demolition and construction ratio, the indicator that the demolition and construction ratio does not exceed 2 in the notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is reasonable.
Contrary to large-scale demolition and large-scale construction, the Notice encourages small-scale and gradual organic renewal and micro-transformation, and advocates classified and prudent disposal of existing buildings; Actively expand public space and park green space, maintain appropriate density, and improve urban livability.
There is no large-scale demolition of villages in cities.
In addition to strictly controlling the demolition and construction, the notice also pointed out that the demolition and construction should be strictly controlled to ensure the stability of supply and demand in the housing rental market.
In terms of strictly controlling large-scale relocation, the Notice clearly respects residents' resettlement wishes, encourages local resettlement, improves living conditions, maintains neighborhood relations and social structure, and the local and nearby resettlement rate of updated units (districts) or project residents shall not be less than 50%.
Ling Yan pointed out that, in practice, local and nearby resettlement in some areas is not in place, and one of the difficulties is that there is no housing around the urban renewal area for transition or resettlement. After the formal implementation of the Notice, it can play a deterrent role, so that local governments dare not resettle residents on a large scale and from a long distance.
In terms of ensuring the stability of supply and demand in the housing rental market, the Notice requires that contiguous old urban areas such as urban villages should not be demolished on a large scale and in a short period of time, which will lead to an imbalance between supply and demand in the housing rental market and aggravate the difficulty of renting houses for new citizens and low-income people.
Li pointed out that the large-scale demolition of villages in a short period of time will make the residents who originally lived in villages in the city look for new homes around them, which will impact their living stability on the one hand and greatly raise the rent level around them on the other.
Li said that at present, Shenzhen and Guangzhou no longer demolish villages in cities on a large scale and in a short period of time, but encourage the preservation of villages in cities with location advantages and traffic station advantages, and the government will make overall plans to fill their shortcomings such as public service facilities and housing quality. "Retaining this low-cost, high-quality rental housing is of great help to reduce urban operating costs, retain new citizens and young people, and play the role of disguised affordable rental housing."
The "Notice" will further promote the experience of Guangzhou and Shenzhen, encourage the steady implementation of the transformation of villages in the city, eliminate potential safety hazards, simultaneously do a good job in the construction of long-term rental housing for medium and low-priced and small and medium-sized units, and make overall plans to solve the rental housing problems of key groups such as new citizens and low-income people with difficulties. The annual increase of housing rent will not exceed 5%.
In addition, the notice also proposes to explore the sustainable renewal mode within the urban renewal time, encourage and promote the transformation from "development mode" to "business mode", and explore the sustainable mode of government guidance, market operation and public participation.
Cao Shuo, director of investment and development of Youke Workshop Industrial Park, said in an interview with 2 1 Century Business Herald that "business model" is more stable than "development mode". Taking the industrial park as an example, if the recipient of the sales-oriented industrial park project lacks operational ability, it will be a loss to the government; On the contrary, enterprises with the ability to attract investment and operate can bring stable tax revenue to the government. "The government is willing to see this stability." For enterprises, with the decline of profitability of traditional real estate development business, many developers began to turn to "development model" and "business model".
Exploring the sustainable renewal mode in urban renewal is a win-win situation for the government and operating enterprises.