1 project example
Take the installation of water supply and drainage system of Guangzhou Baili Hua Ting Senior Commercial and Residential Building as an example. The construction area of this project is 52,600 m2, 3 1 floor (3 floors underground), reinforced concrete frame structure, basement for garage, 1 ~ 5 floors for shopping malls, of which 5 floors (mezzanine) are pipeline transfer floors and 6 ~ 3 1 floors are residential buildings. Water supply and drainage system of this project. This paper discusses the installation and construction technology of water supply and drainage system in this project.
1. 1 Familiar with drawings and related technical data for pipeline installation → Construction survey and setting out → Trench excavation and trench masonry → Cooperate with civil engineering to reserve holes and embed iron pieces → Pipe fitting processing and fabrication → Support fabrication and installation → Pipeline prefabrication and assembly → Pipeline laying and installation → Pipeline and equipment connection → Automatic control instrument and its pipeline installation → Pressure test and cleaning (blowing) washing → Anti-corrosion and heat preservation → Commissioning and commissioning.
1.2 the indoor water supply system for water supply equipment installation consists of the following parts: water inlet pipe, water meter node, water supply equipment (water pump), horizontal main pipe, riser pipe, branch pipe and valve device. The pumps and valves in the pump house are water hubs. Good installation quality will make the water supply system of this project run more reliably and ensure the safe service life of personnel and equipment. Therefore, the following requirements are put forward for its installation:
1) Before the equipment is installed, check the relevant information and documents and certificates.
2) The equipment shall be free of parts, damage and corrosion, and the rotating parts shall be flexible without jamming, jamming and abnormal sound.
3) The installation of equipment units is based on the determined pump unit model, unit number, unit length and size, and the installation location and vertical and horizontal layout in the pump room are reasonably planned. The layout of the unit should make the pipeline shortest, the elbow least, the pipeline easy to connect, and leave a certain aisle and space for management, operation and maintenance.
4) The water inlet pipe should keep a certain distance from other pipes. If laid in parallel with the indoor sewage discharge pipe, the horizontal spacing of the outer wall shall not be less than1.0m. If laid in parallel with the cable, the spacing shall be less than 0.75m.
1.3 water supply pipeline installation
1) Before pipeline installation, it is necessary to retest the pipeline groove to see if the bracket meets the elevation, slope and direction of pipeline installation. Whether the bracket spacing meets the requirements of drawings and relevant specifications. Consider the technological needs of venting and pipeline operation.
2) Flange welds and other connectors shall be set for reinspection and shall not be close to walls, floors or pipe racks.
3) During and after pipeline installation and construction, all kinds of construction technical data forms should be filled in in time, and visa records should be made. For buried pipelines, concealed works should be accepted, concealed works records should be filled in and backfilled in time, and these construction technical data should be filed.
4) The pipeline passing through the floor, wall, foundation and roof shall be protected by casing, and there shall be no pipe joint in the casing. The pipeline crossing the roof should have waterproof layer (or civil flooding) and waterproof cap, and the gap between pipeline and casing should be filled with incombustible material.
5) When the pipeline installation is interrupted, the open nozzle shall be closed in time.
6) When connecting pipes, it is not allowed to use methods such as strong butt joint, heating pipes and adding offset pads to eliminate the gap deviation, dislocation or misalignment of interface end faces.
7) When welding pipes, the gap between two rings of straight pipe section should not be less than 100mm, and the distance between the welding seam and the bending point of simmering bend should not be less than 100mm, and neither should be less than the pipe diameter.
1.4 Drainage pipe installation
1) The drainage plastic pipe must be provided with expansion joints according to the design requirements and positions. If there is no requirement in the design, the expansion joint spacing should not be greater than 4m.
2) The main drainage pipe and the horizontal main pipe shall be tested for passing the ball. The diameter of the through ball shall not be less than 2/3 of the pipe diameter of the drainage pipe, and the through ball rate must reach 100%.
3) The slope of domestic sewage plastic pipe must meet the design or specification requirements.
4) An inspection port should be set on the riser every other floor, but the inspection port must be set at the lowest floor and the highest floor with sanitary ware. The center height is 1m away from the operating ground, with an allowable deviation of 20 mm. The inspection port should be oriented to facilitate maintenance, and inspection doors should be installed on the inspection port on the concealed riser.
5) The drainage vent pipe shall not be connected with the air duct or flue, and the installation shall conform to the specifications.
1.5 indoor piping layout
The installation of various pipelines in this project is complicated, so it is important to consider the correct layout of pipelines, especially indoor pipelines. Because there are many pipeline equipment, the problem is particularly prominent. At present, the basic principles of pipeline arrangement spacing and avoidance are: gas pipeline is arranged above, and liquid pipeline is arranged below; The hot medium pipeline is arranged at the top and the cold medium pipeline is arranged at the bottom; The insulated pipeline is arranged at the top and the non-insulated pipeline is arranged at the bottom; The top is a metal tube and the bottom is a non-metal tube. Determination of pipeline spacing. The spacing of pipelines shall be based on the principle of facilitating the installation and maintenance of pipelines, valves and insulation layers. Because the indoor space is small, the spacing should not be too large. The clear distance between the most prominent parts of the pipeline, such as the outer wall of the pipeline, the flange edge and the outer wall of the insulation layer, and the edge of the wall or column should not be less than100 mm. For the parallel valve handwheels on parallel pipelines, the clear distance is about100 mm. The avoidance principle of pipeline collision: the branch pipeline should give way to the main pipeline; Small-diameter pipelines give way to large-diameter pipelines; There is a pressure pipeline to make no pressure pipeline; Normal temperature pipeline allows high temperature or low temperature pipeline.
1.6 pipe support installation
1) The correct position shall be smooth and firm;
2) The fixed bracket should be in close contact with the pipeline, and the fixation should be firm and reliable;
3) sliding supports should be flexible, and there should be a gap of 3 mm ~ 5 mm between sliding supports and both sides of chute, and the longitudinal movement should meet the design requirements;
4) The supports and hangers of non-thermal elongated pipes shall be installed vertically;
5) For the hanger with thermal extension pipe, the hanger should be offset in the opposite direction of thermal expansion;
6) The pipe supports and hangers fixed on the building structure should not affect the structural safety, and the bracket spacing for horizontal installation of steel pipes should comply with the regulations;
7) The vertical or horizontal bracket spacing between plastic pipe and composite pipe of heating, water supply and hot water supply system shall comply with the regulations. For pipe supports made of metal, a nonmetallic gasket or sleeve should be lined between the pipe and the support.
1.7 Requirements that the pipeline interface should meet.
1) The pipeline is bonded.
2) The combination of welded connecting pipes shall have uniform welding rings, and there shall be no local melting tumor or uneven welding.
3) Pipes with rubber ring joints are allowed to be laid along curves, and the maximum deflection angle of each joint shall not exceed 2.
4) When flange is connected, the gasket shall not extend into the pipe, and its outer edge shall be close to the bolt hole, and double gasket or eccentric gasket shall not be placed.
5) The diameter and length of bolts connecting flanges shall meet the standard, and the length of protruding nuts after tightening shall not be less than 1/2 of the screw diameter.
6) After the threaded pipe is installed, there should be 2 ~ 3 exposed threads at the root of the pipe thread, and the redundant hemp should be cleaned and treated with anti-corrosion.
7) The two pipe ends connected by the clamp (sleeve) should be straight, the seamless groove should be uniform, the pipeline should be straight after the bolt is tightened, and the installation direction of the clamp (sleeve) should be consistent.
1.8 Before the pipeline system is delivered for use, all kinds of pressure-bearing pipeline systems and equipment shall be subjected to water pressure test, and non-pressure-bearing pipeline systems and equipment shall be subjected to irrigation test. The water pressure test of indoor water supply pipeline must meet the design requirements. When there are no regulations in the design, the test pressure of water supply pipeline system made of various materials is 1.5 times of the working pressure, but not less than 0.6MPa. Inspection method: metal and composite water supply pipeline system should be observed under the test pressure 10min, and the pressure drop should not be less than 0.02MPa. When it falls to the working pressure, there should be no leakage, so it should be inspected. Plastic pipe water supply system should be stable under test pressure.
2 conclusion
At present, building water supply and drainage is closely related to people's lives. High-quality installation and construction quality and scientific management are the necessary conditions to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the pipe network system, and can also improve and make up for some deficiencies in design and construction. In order to meet the technical requirements of water supply and drainage engineering construction and improve the construction quality, construction personnel need to constantly learn and improve their own technical quality to ensure the safety, quality, stability and flexibility of construction and meet the development needs of water supply and drainage in civil buildings. Only in this way can we ensure the quality of the installation project and base ourselves on the foundation construction of the building installation project.
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