Social and economic development has provided a solid material foundation for the opening of the Grand Canal.
② The Sui and Tang Dynasties ended the disputes between the Northern and Southern Dynasties and completed the unification.
(3) the development of water transport is one of the necessary conditions for the opening of the Grand Canal (that is, one of the purposes of opening the Grand Canal is for water transport).
2. The Grand Canal in Sui and Tang Dynasties is centered on Luoyang, with Zhuo Jun (now Beijing) in the north and Yuhang (now Hangzhou) in the south.
In 605, Yang Di ordered the construction of the Grand Canal, "sending more than one million men and women to various counties in Henan to get through Ji Liang, from Xiyuan to the Yellow River, and from Mianshui to Huaishui", with a length exceeding 1000 km. In 608, Yang Di dug Yongji Canal along the northeast of Luoyang, connecting Qinhe River, Qishui River and Weihe River, sailing to Tianjin, and then going north along Yongding River to Zhuo Jun County. In AD 6 10, Yang Di continued to dig the Jiangnan Canal, making the section from Zhenjiang to Hangzhou navigable.
At this point, with Luoyang as the center, Zhuo Jun in the north, Daxing in the west and Yuhang in the south. Through Tongji Canal and Yongji Canal, the five major water systems of Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River are connected. The China North-South Grand Canal, with a total length of 2,700 kilometers, runs through the whole line, connecting Luoyang, Zhuo Jun (now Beijing), Bianzhou (now Kaifeng) and Songzhou.
The Grand Canal in Sui and Tang Dynasties spans more than 0/0 latitude of the earth, runs through the richest North China Plain and southeast coast of China, and spans eight provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government, including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It is the main artery of north-south traffic in ancient China, which played a great role in the history of China. It is a great water conservancy construction project created by the working people in ancient China, and it is also excavated in the world.