(A) the problems and suggestions in pipe network planning
First, the existing problems:
1, lack of planning. In urban construction, it is an indisputable fact that the density of pipe network is increasing. Urban planning in some places is very comprehensive, ranging from urban system, land use scale, garden green space, landscape characteristics, environmental protection to municipal engineering. However, the detailed planning of pipe network planning, especially pipe network planning, is not sufficient, which leads to disorderly and inefficient pipe network construction and buried hidden dangers of pipe network accidents.
2. Be late. Although we strive for the integrity of the planning system in theory and pay attention to the effectiveness of the planning work in practice, the pipeline network planning has not kept up with the pace of urban construction, making this work, which should be the leader, in a very passive position.
3. The system is poor. Long-awaited pipe network planning is often the product of hasty and "emergency", and it is difficult to effectively ensure the depth and accuracy of planning, as well as its scientific and systematic nature.
Second, some suggestions:
1. Establish the important position of pipe network planning in urban planning. Pipe network is an important part of urban system, not only the main artery of urban operation, but also an important symbol of urban modernization level. Therefore, both academically and in practice, we should further clarify the important position of pipe network planning, and do a good job in theoretical research and work deployment of pipe network planning, which is the basic premise of doing a good job in pipe network planning.
2. Step up work to make up for the shortage of pipe network planning as soon as possible. It is necessary to conduct a detailed investigation of the existing pipe network and speed up the improvement of the basic data of the existing pipe network. Special attention should be paid to the coordination of pipe network planning and overall planning, pipe network planning and other professional planning, and all kinds of pipe network planning to ensure the systematic and operability of planning.
3. Accelerate the training of professionals in pipe network planning. On the one hand, the planning of pipe network is late, because our planning concept and theory are not suitable for the process of urban construction; On the other hand, it also shows that we are relatively short of professionals with modern planning concepts and knowledge of pipe network planning.
4. Establish and improve the filing system of pipe network planning data. Planning is the foundation of construction, and it should also be the track of construction. Preserving planning data, especially detailed planning data, is of great significance for studying the construction and operation law of urban pipe network, improving the efficiency of urban pipe network construction, ensuring the safety of construction and people's lives and property, and ensuring the smooth progress of urban transformation.
(2) Problems and suggestions in the process of pipe network construction (taking municipal sewage pipe network as an example)
First, the existing problems:
1, lack of funds, most of China's sewage pipe network construction is funded by local governments, so the financial income of local governments basically determines the construction capacity and scale of a city's sewage pipe network, and because the government lacks flexible financing methods to attract investors to build the pipe network, most cities' sewage pipe network construction is backward.
2. Due to the lack of scientific and technological input, most areas of our country still use manual well digging and pipeline excavation to eliminate intractable diseases of pipelines. Although this mode can solve the problem, it has great impact on the environment, high cost, low efficiency, hidden dangers to personnel safety, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of modern pipe network maintenance.
3. Insufficient application of new technology, insufficient investment in technology research and development, and the construction acceptance specification cannot be formulated and implemented in time.
4. The construction quality of pipe network is generally poor, and the air tightness test acceptance is not strict.
5. The blind application of new pipes and the negative application of reinforced concrete pipes have gained relevant experiences and lessons in some areas.
Second, some suggestions:
1. At present, an important application of government bonds in China is mainly in the construction of public facilities, which should continue in the future and can be built through direct financial investment.
2. Actively promote the use of trenchless pipeline maintenance technology and advanced maintenance equipment such as pipeline imaging system, high-pressure cleaning vehicle and fan suction vehicle.
3. Change the design concept, design and construct the sewage pipe network according to local conditions, pay close attention to the strict handover system of project quality, and implement the whole process control management.
4. The new pipelines are basically flexible pipelines, which must be integrated with the soil, that is, the so-called "pipe-soil effect", in order to give full play to the characteristics of flexible pipelines. For reinforced concrete pipes, flat pipes should be avoided, and reinforced concrete pipes with rubber ring joints are safer and more reliable.
5. Vigorously promote the application of low-pressure drainage pipes, assembled reinforced concrete inspection wells and modular inspection wells.
(3) Problems and suggestions of underground pipeline management.
First, the existing problems:
1, local legislation is lagging behind, and relevant departments have restricted the relevant rules and regulations of underground pipeline management in combination with their own management authority, but they are fragmented and lack overall coordination. Relevant local laws and regulations are also seriously lagging behind. It has seriously affected the formation and collection of underground pipeline files. Underground pipeline management has two levels. First, from the administrative level, the filing and completion of underground pipelines are not fully included in the necessary administrative procedures for planning and construction, resulting in the absence of administrative subjects and the independence of administrative objects. Second, from the perspective of construction, construction and pipeline ownership units, there is a lack of macro-strategic considerations in management, short-term behavior, lack of long-term planning and annual construction and maintenance plans, repeated investment, repeated construction and repeated excavation. Because the pipeline management is not standardized, the formation and collection of underground pipeline files are affected from the source.
2, the lack of coordinated management, underground pipeline ownership units fragmented, lack of overall coordination, seriously affecting the information management of underground pipeline archives. Urban underground pipelines are difficult to plan as a whole, and the management of pipeline facilities is chaotic, and pipeline "fights" occur from time to time. In engineering construction and underground pipeline laying construction, pipelines are often cut off, resulting in water and gas cut off and communication interruption accidents, which affect urban production and residents' lives. The unsynchronized and repeated excavation of underground pipeline investment reflects the lack of unified coordination of pipeline investment, and the phenomenon of "zipper road" occurs from time to time. The planning, design, construction, construction, maintenance and transformation of urban underground pipelines are lack of unified coordination, and they are often fragmented, which has laid a huge hidden danger for the safe operation of urban pipeline networks, energy conservation and environmental protection, disaster prevention and counter-terrorism, and also seriously affected the information management of underground pipeline files.
3. The underground pipe network information platform is not shared with * * * *, generally established by the Land Information Center, and is not shared with the information management system of urban construction archives and other relevant departments (such as Urban Management Bureau and Water Affairs Bureau). As a result, the information data of underground pipelines are not unified, and it is difficult to provide effective services for underground excavation.
Second, some suggestions:
1. Establish a specialized agency for unified management of underground pipelines. Only by establishing a unified and authoritative management organization can we coordinate the relations between all parties. Establish an effective management organization, do a good job in the management of underground pipelines, improve underground pipeline engineering files, in turn promote underground pipeline management, form a virtuous circle, ensure the systematicness, accuracy and authenticity of underground pipeline file information, and serve urban planning, construction and management.
2. Establish a dynamic renewal mechanism for underground pipelines. In order to realize the dynamic updating of pipeline data and ensure the timeliness of pipeline data, the underground pipeline updating system is mainly adopted, which takes the completion survey of underground pipelines as the core and the repair survey of local sections as the supplement: to ensure the completion survey of pipelines as much as possible, which is indeed a major emergency project of the government, and to update pipeline data by means of local supplementary survey.
3. Realize the information sharing of underground pipelines, and establish two types of information platforms, namely, underground pipeline integration and various professions. By formulating relevant data format conversion standards, the information in various professional information platforms will be uploaded to the comprehensive information platform, which will be displayed in layers in the same space to realize the effective integration of pipeline resources. The comprehensive information platform is required to open and apply the information data of underground pipelines to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring information security. The comprehensive information platform should be built into a public basic platform with rich information content, timely update and maintenance, and convenient exchange, and should reach the level of "unification, universality, standardization and sharing". The geographic information system of urban pipe network is established.
4. Start the layout planning and step-by-step construction of * * * same ditch system as soon as possible. * * * The same ditch has the characteristics of intensification and integration, which avoids the trouble of digging roads many times because of underground pipeline laying or maintenance, and will be a better choice for future urban development. 12 years ago, the first modern trench was built on Zhang Yang Road in Pudong New Area. However, due to the lack of systematic planning and research at that time, * * * Tonggou has been partially idle, which is worth learning from in our city. On the basis of unified planning, we can adopt the practice of "gradually transforming the old areas, leaving the new areas first, and finally networking the whole city", and finally unify the urban underground pipelines into public ditches.
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