Can you raise bergamot in the south of Baoding, Hebei?

Cultivation techniques of bergamot

First, the feeding method

Transplanting and grafting are often used in production.

1. Planting season: it should be carried out in the warm and rainy season from February to March or from August to September.

2. Selection and interception of cuttings: the cuttings should be 7-8 year-old robust mother plants, and the vigorous 1-2 year-old branches, leaves and shoots, and cuttings with the length of 17-20 cm should be cut off.

3. Planting method: Open a horizontal ditch on the prepared border with a distance of 22-26 cm, and insert the cuttings into the ditch with a distance of 4-7 cm, being careful not to insert them backwards. Each mu 12000 ~ 15000. After insertion, cover the soil and compact, leaving 1 buds exposed on the soil surface.

Second, planting

1. Planting time: it can be fixed in spring and autumn, but it is better to transplant in February and March when the temperature rises and new buds are about to sprout.

2. Land selection and soil preparation: It is best to plant in horseshoe shape surrounded by mountains on three sides, with convenient soil drainage, good air permeability and slight acidity. During soil preparation, the ridge pressure is 25 cm, the width 1 m, the plant spacing 1.5 ~ 1.8 m, the hole depth is 30 cm, the width is 50 cm, and the plants are planted per mu 150 ~ 170.

3. Planting method: it is better to choose seedlings with a height of more than 50 cm and no pests and diseases. Cut off the branches, leaving only one trunk, and the root length should not exceed 20 cm. Plant 1 plant in each hole, so that the fibrous roots spread around. Finally, the soil is slightly higher than the ground, and the root water is fixed around after planting.

Third, on-site management

(1) Intercropping: within 1 ~ 2 years after planting, cash crops such as peanuts, beans, melons and ginger can be intercropped to promote plant growth, but deep-rooted crops cannot be planted to prevent damage to the surface fibrous roots of bergamot.

(2) Topdressing: Topdressing should be combined with intertillage weeding, and the trees before fruiting should be thinned, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. Three years later? Hey? Month? Words are willing? Why don't you thank me? Shi Shi? Hey? What's left of it? Jealous? 000 ~ 4000 kg, 4 ~ 5 times a year, and strong plant fertilizer before and after severe cold; Topdressing in February, and then every 20 days 1 time. Apply 1 time per month in shallow Xia Hou, add 0. 1 ~ 0. 15 kg of urea per load of manure, and apply 1 time before the autumnal equinox to promote plant recovery.

(3) topping, bending branches, pruning and picking side buds.

1, topping: after planting 1 ~ 2 years, when the plant is about 80 cm high, remove the terminal buds to promote the healthy growth of the plant.

2. Bending and pruning: Except for planting branches, all branches need to be bent, which will be done in the sunny afternoon when the frost falls to beginning of winter. Bending the branches is to bend the upward branches down slowly until they are about 18 cm off the ground, and tie the top of the branches to the bamboo poles inserted into the soil. In the future, after the fruit is harvested, the branches should be bent and cut once a year to cut off, burn and remove the old, weak, sick, overgrown and fruitful branches.

3. Picking lateral buds: From beginning of spring to long summer every year, in the flowering and fruiting stage, new shoots should be controlled and all new buds should be picked. When the fruit bends downward, stop picking the lateral buds and let them grow, which is the fruiting branch in the second year.

(4) Choose flowers to protect fruits.

Flowers begin to bloom before and after stabbing, and 2 ~ 3 robust female flowers are selected as an inflorescence, and the rest are picked. Fruit protection: it is better to leave 1 ~ 2 fruits in one branch, and remove any more.

(5) Weeding, ridging and stamping.

When entering the fruiting stage, pull out the weeds around the plants by hand, and don't use hoes to avoid damaging the roots. After five years of planting, fingered citron should be cultivated/kloc-0 times a year. After pruning and clearing the garden, the cultivated tree tray should be covered with a thin layer of grass.

Fourth, pest control.

Disease control method

1. Anthracnose: It mainly harms branches and leaves. Prevention and control methods ① Pruning and clearing dead leaves in winter are combined, and burning is the main method. ② drug control: 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder can be used 800 ~ 1000 times at the initial stage of onset; 50% amobam aqueous solution 800 times solution; 500 times solution of 60% zineb wettable powder.

2, canker disease: harmfulness, branch tip. Prevention and control methods: ① Centralized burning of diseased branches and leaves. (2) Spraying 500-800 times of 50% wettable powder or 0.5% bordeaux mixture for bacteriostasis.

3. Powdery mildew: When the humidity is too high, the leaves are covered with a layer of gray-white toner, and black spots may appear in severe cases. Control method: spray 0.2 Baume sulfur mixture (plus 1% washing powder).

(2) Pest control methods

1, liriomyza huidobrensis: ① spray 40% dimethoate 1000 times each time when picking new buds. (2) Spraying 90% crystal trichlorfon 1000 feet solution during the occurrence period.

2. Scale insects: ① Protect natural enemy ladybugs for winter. (2) Cut off the insect branches and burn them in the forest, and kill the adults manually when they appear. ③ Use Wanling 1000 times solution for prevention and treatment.

3. Aphids: mancozeb plus omethoate (no omethoate): water 1: 500 times, mancozeb: water 1: 500 times, sprayed every 7 days 1 times, three times in a row.

4. Starscream: ① combine pruning in winter and spring to cut off damaged leaves. Moderate pruning will make the garden ventilated. This tree is very strong and has improved its resistance to mites. ② In orchards with frequent occurrence, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, organophosphorus pesticides and Bordeaux mixture should be stopped to control pests and diseases, so as not to induce the occurrence of red spiders. ③ After occurrence, the following chemicals can be used for control: 95% Scale Insect EC 150 times solution; 50% sulfur suspending agent 200-400 times; 73% propargite EC 2000 ~ 3000 times solution, colloidal sulfur 400 times solution, etc. , spray 1 ~ 2 times.