Are you just writing your graduation thesis now?
More specifically, can't I send the data of 17 city directly to the whole province?
What coal does energy consumption mainly refer to? Annual consumption of oil?
I. Environmental quality
(a) water environment
1, Huaihe River Basin
Water pollution in the main stream of Huaihe River is still serious. 40% of the sections have poor water quality (Grade V) and very poor water quality (Grade V is poor), and the pollution level is basically the same as last year. The main pollutant is ammonia nitrogen.
The water pollution in the tributaries of Huaihe River is heavier than that in the main stream. The sections with poor water quality (worse than Grade V) and extremely poor water quality (worse than Grade V) reached 63%, down by 10 percentage point over the previous year. The main pollutants are biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen.
2. Chaohu Lake Basin
The water body in Chaohu Lake is in a state of mild eutrophication, and the annual average concentration of total phosphorus and total nitrogen, the main pollutants, exceeds the national Class III standard for surface water, and the pollution degree of the western half lake is obviously heavier than that of the eastern half lake. In recent years, the nutritional status of Chaohu Lake has improved, but the pollution level is still heavy.
Of the nine rivers entering and leaving Chaohu Lake, four rivers have poor water quality (worse than Grade V), and the other five rivers have fair water quality (Grade IV), and the pollution level has not improved significantly compared with the previous year. The main pollutants are ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand.
3. Yangtze River Basin
The water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River remains excellent (Class II).
Compared with the previous year, the water pollution in the tributaries of the Yangtze River tends to increase. Among the main tributaries of 10, 8 tributaries have poor water quality (Class V) and poor water quality (Class V), and the main pollutants are biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen.
4. Xin 'anjiang River Basin
The water quality of the main stream and tributaries of Xin 'anjiang River is all excellent (Class II).
5. Main reservoirs
The water quality of major reservoirs in the province is good (Grade II ~ III). There is no obvious change compared with last year.
6. Groundwater
Among the eight major groundwater level monitoring cities in the province, the water level generally showed a downward trend, but the water level of the first aquifer of deep groundwater in Fuyang City rose by 0.3 ~ 0.5 meters.
The quality of groundwater in most cities and regions in the province is good, but the groundwater along the Huaihe River and around the city is polluted in different degrees, and the phenomenon of fluoride exceeding the standard has increased compared with the previous year.
7. Water quality of urban centralized drinking water sources
There is a certain degree of pollution in the water quality of urban centralized drinking water sources in the province. Among 4 1 urban centralized drinking water sources, 18 water sources have exceeded the monitoring index. The pollutants exceeding the standard in drinking water surface source mainly include permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, fecal coliform and total phosphorus; Fluoride and total coliform bacteria are the main pollutants exceeding the standard in underground drinking water sources.
(2) Atmospheric environment
1, urban air
The urban air quality in the province is still good, with no obvious change compared with the previous year. The main pollutant is particulate matter. Five cities meet the national air quality standard II, nine cities meet the standard III, and two cities are worse than the standard III. 1 The city has not been monitored.
2. Acid rain
The annual average precipitation pH in the whole province is between 4.7 and 7.5, and there are 10 cities with acid rain. In four cities, the annual precipitation pH value is lower than 5.6, and the acid rain pollution in Tongling City and Chizhou City is serious, with the acid rain frequency reaching 63% and 58% respectively.
(3) Acoustic environment
1, urban road traffic noise
The sound environment quality of urban roads in the province is poor, with 2 cities with heavy pollution (75-73 decibels), 5 cities with moderate pollution (70-73 decibels), 7 cities with light pollution (67-70 decibels), and only 3 cities with good sound environment quality (below 67 decibels).
2. Environmental noise in urban areas
The sound environment quality of urban areas in the province is poor, with 4 cities with severe pollution (57-60 dB), 6 cities with moderate pollution (55-57 dB), 3 cities with light pollution (53-55 dB) and only 4 cities with good sound environment quality (below 53 dB).
(4) Ecological environment
1. Land
In 2002, the main land types in the province were: 5.946 million hectares of cultivated land, 342,400 hectares of garden land and 3.3899 million hectares of forest land. Construction land: urban villages and independent industrial and mining areas1224,600 hectares, traffic 276,200 hectares, water area (including water conservancy facilities and water surface)1999,900 hectares. The province's construction occupied 56 14.5 1 hectare, and in the same period, the province's land consolidation supplemented 92 15.63 hectares.
The soil erosion area of the whole province 18674.67 square kilometers. Among them, light soil erosion area 13600 km2, moderate soil erosion 4300 km2, intensity 660 km2, extreme intensity 96 km2 and strong soil erosion 18.67 km2. Serious soil erosion areas are mainly concentrated in Dabie Mountain area in western Anhui, hilly area in southern Anhui and Jianghuai hilly area.
2. Forests
The total standing stock in the province is 12667.4438+0 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate is 27.95%.
3. Biodiversity
Species: There are 4245 species of higher plants and 3645 species of vascular plants in the province. Among vascular plants, 30 species are protected by the state. There are 557 species of terrestrial vertebrates in the province, including 96 species of mammals, 354 species of birds, 68 species of reptiles and 39 species of amphibians. Among the wild vertebrates in the province, there are 20 species under national first-class protection and 7 1 species under national second-class protection.
Wetlands: The total area of wetlands in the province is 2.843 million hectares, accounting for 20.34% of the land area, including 704,000 hectares of natural wetlands and 2139,000 hectares of artificial wetlands.
Nature reserves: there are 3 1 nature reserves in the province, covering an area of 57 1.7 million hectares, accounting for 4. 1. 1% of the national territory, among which, according to the level of protected areas, there are 5 national protected areas with an area of 1.36 million. There are 25 provincial protected areas, covering an area of 428,500 hectares; There are 1 county-level protected areas, covering an area of 6700 hectares. According to the types of protected areas, the forest ecology and wildlife type protected area is 2 1, covering an area of 267,000 hectares; Wetland ecological and wild plant type nature reserve 10, covering an area of 304,700 hectares.
Scenic spots: There are 39 scenic spots in the province, including 8 national key scenic spots and 3 1 provincial scenic spots, with a total area of 357,600 hectares.
Forest Park: There are 38 forest parks in the province, including 25 national forest parks and 3 provincial forest parks 13, with a total area of 1 18000 hectares.
4. Geological disasters
Important geological disasters occurred in the whole province 147, including sudden geological disasters such as collapse, landslide and debris flow 122, resulting in 7 injuries and direct economic losses of about 30 million yuan. Geological disasters mainly occur in mountainous areas in southern Anhui, Dabie Mountains and hilly areas along the river.
Second, pollutant emissions.
(1) wastewater and major pollutants
In 2002, the total amount of wastewater discharged in the province was 65.438+42.8 million tons, an increase of 70 million tons over the previous year, of which 646 million tons were industrial wastewater, accounting for 45.24% of the total, an increase of 65.438+40 million tons over the previous year; The domestic sewage discharge was 782 million tons, accounting for 54.76% of the total, an increase of 56 million tons over the previous year, and the domestic sewage discharge exceeded the industrial wastewater discharge by 65.438+36 million tons.
The total discharge of chemical oxygen demand in wastewater is 465,438 0.900 tons, which is 0.600 tons less than the previous year, including 654,380 0.259 tons of industrial wastewater, accounting for 30.64% of the total, and 285,000 tons of domestic sewage, accounting for 693.4% of the total.
The total discharge of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater was 50,400 tons, 0.500 tons less than that of the previous year, including 20,400 tons of industrial wastewater, accounting for 40.48% of the total, and 30,000 tons of domestic wastewater, accounting for 59.52% of the total.
(2) Waste gas and main pollutants
In 2002, the industrial waste gas emission of the whole province was 51188.4 million standard cubic meters, an increase of 311.200 million standard cubic meters over the previous year.
The total emission of sulfur dioxide in waste gas was 396,600 tons, which was basically the same as that of the previous year. Among them, the industrial sulfur dioxide emission is 349,654.38+0 million tons, and the domestic and other emissions are 47,500 tons.
The total amount of smoke and dust emission was 243,654.38+0,000 tons, a decrease of 26,543.8+0,654.38+0,000 tons over the previous year, including 207,000 tons of industrial smoke and dust emission and 366,543.8+0,000 tons of domestic smoke and dust emission.
Industrial dust emission was 240,900 tons, a decrease of 65,438 0.20 tons over the previous year.
(iii) Industrial solid waste
In 2002, the output of industrial solid waste in the whole province was 34146,900 tons, an increase of1528,300 tons over the previous year, and the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste was 26,077,900 tons, an increase of 635,500 tons over the previous year. (4) Pollution accidents
In 2002, there were 58 accidents of environmental pollution and destruction in the whole province, five more than the previous year, resulting in a direct economic loss of 2.529 million yuan, an area affected by crops of 65,438 084.6 hectares and an area of 365,438 0.6 hectares of polluted fish ponds.
Three. Environmental protection and construction
(1) Implementation of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Environmental Protection
The tenth five-year plan of environmental protection in Anhui province is an important part of the national economic and social development plan of the province, with 25 key projects/kloc-0, with a total investment of 20.22 billion yuan. By the end of 2002, a total of 108 projects were approved, 72 feasibility studies were completed, and 3 1 project was started, with an investment of 3.59 billion yuan. Mingguang city, Guzhen County and other 13 sewage treatment plants and water environment comprehensive treatment projects have been included in the national "three rivers and three lakes" treatment project plan, and the national debt funds support1690,000 yuan.
Water pollution control planning of Huaihe River and Chaohu Lake was approved by the State Council. 83 water pollution prevention and control projects in Huaihe River Basin, with an investment of 6.48 billion yuan; There are 49 water pollution prevention and control projects in Chaohu Lake Basin, with an investment of 4.87 billion yuan. Both river basin projects are included in the national plan, which laid a solid foundation for the prevention and control of water pollution in Huaihe River and Chaohu Lake during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period.
The project to control pollution in Chaohu Lake Basin with loans from the Asian Development Bank was fully completed. The project of acid rain control and environmental improvement has formally signed an agreement with the Asian Development Bank, with a total of 9 subprojects, using the loan of the Asian Development Bank of 654.38+0.47 billion US dollars.
Environmental improvement-Natural gas utilization projects were officially launched, and sub-projects in eight cities signed loan agreements with Japan Bank for International Cooperation, utilizing foreign capital of US$ 654.38+0.5 billion. Hefei, Bengbu and Maanshan have taken the lead in starting construction.
The Tenth Five-Year Plan for the prevention and control of acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution is progressing smoothly, and 70% of the control projects have been started or completed.
In 2002, the designed treatment capacity of "three wastes" was increased: wastewater150,400 tons/day, waste gas 5.48 million standard cubic meters/hour and solid waste 5,253 tons/day. The province's total emission control plan for major pollutants was further implemented. In addition to the total amount of sulfur dioxide emissions, the total amount of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, soot, industrial dust and industrial solid waste emissions have all decreased compared with the previous year.
(2) Prevention and control of industrial pollution
The prevention and control of industrial pollution closely revolves around the adjustment of industrial structure, the technological upgrading of enterprises and the optimization of industrial layout, actively promotes clean production and ISO 14000 environmental management system, advocates the concept of circular economy, continuously improves the comprehensive utilization rate of resources, and further controls the total amount of pollutants discharged. In 2002, the Guidelines and Technical Requirements for Cleaner Production Audit were compiled, and 70 cleaner production pilot enterprises were trained. By the end of 2002, there were 120 enterprises in the province, and 32 enterprises had passed the ISO 1400 1 environmental management certification.
In 2002, the declaration and registration of special discharge of hazardous waste and hazardous chemicals were carried out, and the construction and operation of hazardous waste and hazardous chemicals production enterprises and their disposal facilities in the province were basically found out. The collected hazardous waste chemicals such as tetramine are disposed of safely.
In 2002, the province handled a total of 1 120 environmental approvals for construction projects, and the implementation rate of the environmental impact assessment system was 93.6%. The implementation rate of "three simultaneities" is 90.6%. In the acceptance project of 3 10, the qualified rate of "three simultaneities" is 100%. In order to prevent pollution from rebounding, the province * * * inspected 8,948 enterprises (times) and put on record 290 environmental violations. At the same time, the Huaihe River Basin took the lead in implementing the pollutant discharge permit system, and issued pollutant discharge permits to 1050 enterprises, further consolidating the achievement of "one control and two standards". (3) Ecological environment construction and protection
In 2002, the province vigorously implemented the "Wan Li Green Corridor" project and completed artificial afforestation 160200 hectares. Among them, 6,543,800 hectares are planted in plots and 67,000 hectares in plains. Returning farmland to forests was 99,900 hectares, and returning farmland to forests and grasslands was 23,654,380 hectares. 83,500 hectares were newly closed for afforestation. About 654.38+300 million trees were planted.
Significant progress has been made in the construction of flood control and security projects. The province has arranged water conservancy investment of 654.38+00.77 billion yuan, and the dikes in the main stream of the Yangtze River have been reinforced. Projects such as drainage pumping station along the Yangtze River, reservoir construction and reinforcement, Huaihe River regulation project and urban flood control construction are progressing smoothly.
Conscientiously implement the "National Outline of Ecological Environment Protection", and the work of ecological environment protection has been strengthened. The environmental management of scenic spots and forest parks is increasingly standardized. The construction of an important ecological function protection zone for flood storage along the Huaihe River and the work of ecological function zoning in Anhui Province started. Progress has been made in ecological restoration and protection in Huaibei coal mine and Maanshan iron mine. The construction of ecological demonstration zones has developed rapidly, with 22 ecological demonstration zones and pilot units, accounting for 3 1.06% of the province's land area. Create provincial-level ecological villages 100 and environmentally advanced towns 10. Bengbu New Town Comprehensive Development Zone and Matang District of Wuhu City were approved by the State Environmental Protection Administration as the seventh batch of national ecological demonstration zones. Jinzhai County, Guoyang County, Nanshan Iron Mine in Maanshan and huangshan district in Huangshan City, as the second batch of national ecological demonstration zones, have passed the acceptance and naming of the State Environmental Protection Administration.
The protection of agricultural ecological environment has been steadily advanced. * * * The province has built 3 national eco-agricultural demonstration counties, 28 provincial eco-agricultural demonstration counties 10, 4 national pollution-free agricultural product production base counties, 32 provincial pollution-free agricultural product production base counties, 95 provincial pollution-free agricultural product certification 100, and provincial key projects townships100. In 2002, NPP 1, 6 1.3 million tons were used in the whole province, a decrease of 8. 1% compared with the previous year. The total amount of pesticides used was 74,300 tons, an increase of 65,438 0.7% over the previous year.
In 2002, the investigation on the current situation of ecological environment in Anhui Province was completed, and 526,000 data were obtained, so as to find out the ecological background of Anhui Province and establish an ecological environment inquiry system in Anhui Province. The Investigation Report on the Present Situation of Ecological Environment in Anhui Province has passed the expert argumentation organized by the Provincial Science and Technology Department and reached the leading level of similar research in China.
urban environmental protection
The construction of urban environmental infrastructure has been continuously strengthened, and the urban environmental quality has been gradually improved. In 2002, the province invested 6 billion yuan in municipal public infrastructure, including 387 million yuan in sewage treatment, 245 million yuan in landscaping, 223 million yuan in city appearance and environmental sanitation and 282 million yuan in gas. The newly-built smoke control area and noise standard area are 37.9 square kilometers and 22.8 square kilometers respectively. The daily production capacity of tap water is 8,565,438+0,000 cubic meters, the daily treatment capacity of urban sewage is 350,000 cubic meters, and the daily harmless treatment capacity of urban domestic garbage is 990 tons. There are 20 urban sewage treatment plants built and under construction, and the comprehensive improvement of some areas such as Hefei Nanfeihe River, Maanshan Yushan Lake and Chizhou Baihe Park has achieved remarkable results.
At the end of 2002, the urban green coverage area was 39,037 hectares, including 25,008 hectares in the built-up area, an increase of 1.585 hectares over the previous year, and the green coverage rate in the built-up area increased from 25.50% in the previous year to 25.63%. The area of urban public green space in the whole province is 502 1. 10 hectare, and the per capita urban public green space is 4.48 square meters.
In 2002, the total supply of artificial gas was 247.7 million cubic meters, an increase of 26 1 10,000 cubic meters over the previous year, and the total supply of liquefied gas was 464,000 tons, an increase of 88,000 tons over the previous year. The urban gas population is 699 1 1,000, and the gas penetration rate is 62.42%.
Hefei, Wuhu and Maanshan started the work of creating national environmental protection model cities in an all-round way and made substantial progress. The three cities put the creation of a national environmental protection model city as the goal of the tenth five-year plan environmental protection work and put it on the important agenda. They set up a leading group headed by the mayor to create a model and a professional working group composed of relevant departments, and some key projects are being implemented.
(5) Other basic work
Environmental monitoring means are developing in a scientific and standardized direction. A total of 60/kloc-0 automatic pollution monitoring devices were installed, and 475 enterprises were automatically monitored in different ways. In 2002, the sewage charge was 654.38+39 billion yuan. Environmental monitoring capacity has been improved. Eight water quality automatic monitoring stations and 20 ambient air automatic monitoring stations have been built in the province, and the environmental quality reporting system has been implemented. The environmental publicity and education work has achieved remarkable results, creating a good social atmosphere for the province's environmental protection work and playing an important role in public opinion supervision and promotion. The work of environmental legal system, science and technology, information and environmental protection industry has been gradually promoted, and the construction of environmental information systems in key cities has achieved remarkable results. Great progress has been made in environmental international cooperation in obtaining funds, cultivating talents and exchanging technology.
17 provincial cities and 55 counties (cities) have independently set up environmental protection bureaus, with a total of 4388 people in the province's environmental protection system. The construction of environmental supervision and monitoring institutions has been further standardized, the quality and work level of personnel have been improved, and the construction of administration according to law, civilized law enforcement and political style has been further strengthened.