Under the condition of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, Y is hydrolyzed to generate D and M, Y contains ester group, and M is acidified to obtain E, so E is carboxylic acid, D can be acidified with silver ammonia solution to obtain E, and D contains -CHO. According to the title information, Y contains -C=C-OOC- structure, and from G, both D and E contain 2 carbon atoms, so Y is CH2=CHOOCCH3.
(1) As can be seen from the above analysis, E is CH3COOH and contains carboxyl groups. Reaction ② is produced by hydrolysis reaction.
Therefore, the answer is: carboxyl, hydrolysis reaction;
(2) From the above analysis, we can see that the structure of X is simplified as, so the answer is:
(3) Reaction ⑤: CH2=CHOOCCH3, and the hydrolysis reaction and neutralization reaction of the ester generate CH3CHO and CH3COONa. The reaction equation is: Ch3cooch = CH2+H2O NaOH △ Ch3cooh+Ch3cooh, CH3COOH+NaOH→H3COONa+H2O.
So the answer is: ch3cooch = CH2+H2O NaOH △ ch3cooh+ch3cho, ch3cooh+NaOH → h3coona+H2O;
(4) The isomer of C (C9H 10O3) can react with FeCl3 _ 3 solution, containing phenolic hydroxyl group and no -CH2-, which meets the requirements and has a simple structural formula.
So the answer is: