Brief introduction of information planning
Enterprise informatization planning includes formulating the system architecture of enterprise informatization, determining the logical relationship of each part of information system, and the architecture design, type selection and implementation strategy of specific information system, making overall planning for informatization objectives and contents, comprehensively and systematically guiding the enterprise informatization process, coordinating the application of enterprise information technology, meeting the needs of enterprise development in time, and effectively utilizing enterprise resources to promote the realization of enterprise strategic objectives and meet the needs of enterprise sustainable development.
Information planning consultation
Information planning consultation is aimed at the focus problems encountered in the process of information planning.
By inviting enterprise executives and consulting experts with high correlation with the industry, high similarity of business types and successful or failed information planning experience to participate. In order to help enterprises avoid falling into the trap of information planning in the early stage of information planning; In the middle stage of information planning, solve the practical problems encountered; In the later stage of information planning, we should make reasonable evaluation and improvement with the help of experts' experience and opinions to avoid detours and mistakes.
Key points of information planning
The focus problem involves the unity of understanding in the early stage of information planning.
1. How can information planning be guided by business development strategy?
Information planning should proceed from the strategic objectives of enterprises, comprehensively consider the roles of people, technology and management, and comprehensively apply modern management technology and information technology to realize the organic integration and optimal operation of information flow, logistics and capital flow in the whole process of enterprise operation, and improve the adaptability and comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises;
2. How to understand that information planning is not an IT project, but a management project?
Information planning should follow the principle of paying equal attention to management upgrading and information construction, especially to the optimization of business processes. Informatization construction will accelerate the integration of internal and external enterprises, thus promoting the optimization of enterprise organizational structure and ultimately promoting the optimization of enterprise processes;
3. How to define the IT investment plan? What is a reasonable range?
An important output of information planning project is IT investment plan. The design of IT investment should be coordinated with management, organization and business promotion, implemented step by step and developed in a coordinated way. Scientific IT investment plan and strict implementation guarantee are helpful to the balanced and sustainable development of enterprises.
4. How to avoid the failure of information planning?
Failure to land is the biggest failure of the information planning project. To ensure the realization of information planning, we must first have a high-quality information planning scheme. Secondly, to prevent "two skins" of planning content and system construction, it is necessary to strengthen communication with software vendors and implementers in the process of information planning to ensure that the planning content matches the system construction. Third, continue to loosen the soil within the enterprise and publicize and train personnel at all levels in information concepts, methods and skills.
Steps of information planning
Environmental analysis
The analysis of enterprise's environment is an essential work of information planning and the basis of planning. In this part of the work, it is necessary to deeply analyze the macro environment, industry environment, strengths and weaknesses, development opportunities and threats faced by enterprises at home and abroad. Among them, three points are particularly important. First, it is necessary to analyze the development status, characteristics, motivation and direction of the industry, and the role of information technology in the development of the industry. The second is to analyze and master the development status, characteristics and direction of information technology itself. Third, we should understand the application of information technology by competitors. Including specific technology, realization function, application scope, realization means, achievements and lessons, etc.
Enterprise strategy analysis
Enterprise informatization serves the realization of enterprise strategic objectives. In order to carry out enterprise information planning, in this part, it is necessary to clarify the development goals, development strategies and development needs of enterprises. It is clear that in order to achieve the overall goal of the enterprise, the key departments of the enterprise should do all the work well. At the same time, we should also understand the orientation of enterprise development strategy in industrial structure, core competitiveness, product structure, organizational structure, market and corporate culture. On this basis, through analysis, the potential relationship between the above elements and the characteristics of information technology is clarified, so as to determine the driving factors of information technology application and realize the integration of informatization and enterprise strategy.
Analyze and evaluate the current situation of enterprises
The analysis and evaluation of the present situation of enterprises should start with the present situation of business ability and IT ability of enterprises. The analysis of enterprise management ability is to analyze the characteristics of enterprise management activities, the operation mode of various business activities and the role of business activities in realizing enterprise strategic objectives, reveal the gap between the present situation and corporate vision, determine key problems and explore improvement methods. The analysis of informatization status is to diagnose the informatization status of enterprises, including basic network, database and application system, analyze the adaptability of information system to the future development of enterprises, and give the evaluation of informatization ability.
Business process analysis and optimization
On the basis of the first three steps, analyze and determine those processes and links that are unreasonable, inefficient and inconsistent with the strategic objectives of the enterprise, and find the key business drivers and key processes that can achieve the strategic objectives of the enterprise and make the enterprise competitive under the existing environment, so as to further optimize the processes according to the strategic objectives and external environment of the enterprise.
If the characteristics of information system can be integrated with these key business processes that directly create value, it will make a great contribution to the return on investment of information technology, and it is also a measure of the success or failure of information construction. In this step, informatization and enterprise business can be integrated.
Information demand analysis
Demand analysis is based on the strategic analysis and current situation evaluation of the enterprise, according to the business operation mode of optimizing the process, to formulate the enterprise's informatization strategy to adapt to the future development and point out the informatization demand. Requirements analysis includes system basic network platform, application system, information security, database and other requirements.
Formulation of information strategy
According to the results of the first five steps, formulate and adjust the guiding scheme of enterprise informatization, and strive for the enterprise to do the most suitable informatization work at the most suitable scale and cost. There are three aspects of work:
First of all, according to the strategic needs of enterprises, the vision and mission of enterprise informatization, the development direction of enterprise informatization and the role that enterprise informatization should play in the process of realizing enterprise strategy are defined.
The second is to draft the basic principles of enterprise informatization. It refers to the basic principles and guidelines put forward to strengthen the informatization ability. The basic principles of informatization, like the national constitution, represent the enterprise regulations that information technology departments should follow in management and implementation. It is the guarantee to effectively complete the information mission.
Then there is setting information goals. They are all tasks that enterprises should complete in order to realize their vision and mission in the next few years. For each business idea formed, IT defines the ideal state of IT support, that is, IT strategic objectives.
Overall framework and standards
Under the guidance of the strategic goal of enterprise development, based on the needs of business development and informatization, the application of information system is planned from three aspects: system function, information architecture and system architecture, and the overall architecture of informatization architecture is determined. At the same time, it is necessary to formulate information technology standards. This part involves the adoption of specific technical products, technical methods and technical processes. It is the technical support of the whole information architecture. By choosing the information technology with industry standard, the most extensive application and the most promising development as the standard, enterprise informatization can have good reliability, compatibility, expansibility, flexibility, coordination and consistency. So as to provide safe, advanced and competitive services and reduce development costs and time.
Information item decomposition
Analyze the problems existing in the resource input and work focus in the whole informatization process, determine the actions needed to make up the gap, decompose the whole informatization process into several interrelated and mutually supporting subprojects, and clarify the scope, business premise, income, priority, estimated time, cost and resources of each project; And assign and manage the projects, select the implementation department or group of each project, and determine the principles, processes and means of monitoring and management of each project.
Analysis of informatization guarantee
Analyze the supportability of each project, that is, arrange the priority according to the importance, score the combat readiness, make a preliminary selection according to the results, and form a road sign plan. Then make a financial analysis of the project and decide the choice according to the company's financial resources.