U egg reconstruction technology, in short, is to replace the egg nucleus of an old woman with the cytoplasm of a young woman twice. This is a simple step, and the investment behind it is high scientific research funds and the painstaking efforts of several generations of reproductive medicine experts for more than ten years.
Elderly women with infertility, low egg vitality and malnutrition caused by mitochondrial defects.
Especially in recent years, the country has opened a second child, and many elderly women over 40 want to have another child. The fourth generation IVF technology broke through the limitations of the third generation technology and realized their dreams.
I am a test tube worker at home and abroad. Welcome to express your different views in the comments section!
First of all, we should know that the new generation of IVF does not mean that the technology is better than the previous generation, but that the first generation of IVF is aimed at women, mainly fallopian tubes and uterus. The second generation of IVF is to solve men's problems. Generally, patients with asthenospermia and oligospermia need to be the second generation IVF, and the third generation IVF mainly solves the problem of genetic diseases. So what problems does the fourth generation of IVF mainly solve?
The fourth generation of IVF is also called "follicular cytoplasm replacement technology". As the name implies, it is a technology to improve the quality of eggs, which is good news for elderly women and patients with premature ovarian failure and polycystic ovary. The principle of the fourth generation IVF technology is to take out the nucleus of the patient's egg and transplant it into the cytoplasm of young and healthy female eggs to form new high-quality egg cells.
Children born in the fourth generation of IVF are still closely related to their mothers. Of course, the fourth generation of IVF costs a lot of money.
I learned a lot in this field when I was training as a genetic consultant a while ago, so I'd like to share it here.
First of all, in a sense, IVF in some advanced reproductive centers and hospitals in China belongs to the third generation, also known as preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Among them, the representative unit is the Reproductive Hospital affiliated to Shandong University.
Generally speaking, the main difference between the third generation of test tubes and the first two generations is that a series of genomics experimental techniques can be used to explore the genome of in vitro fertilized embryos. So as to ensure that the embryo does not carry most of the genetic diseases known from the genome level to the greatest extent, and then the healthy embryo is implanted into the mother's uterus for pregnancy.
Therefore, the third generation has inherited and improved the technology of the previous two generations in terms of egg cell extraction and sperm cell artificial injection (see animation). The most significant difference from the previous two generations is that a single stem cell is extracted from the embryo at the very early stage of development for genome analysis.
The so-called fourth generation test tube refers to the so-called "three-parent test tube baby", that is to say, the genetic material of fertilized eggs comes from three people, one mother contributes the mother egg cells, one father sperm cells and the other mother contributes mitochondria. This is because the mitochondria of the mother egg cell have genetic defects, so it needs another mother with healthy mitochondria to provide it.
However, so far, only Britain has approved the legalization of three-parent IVF. Other countries, including China, have been slow to approve legal clinical applications because this technology may cause potential ethical problems.
I've heard of custom clothes, custom shoes and custom hats. You must have never heard of custom-made babies!
I have to admire the rapid development of IVF technology in Thailand, from the first generation of IVF to the third generation of IVF technology, which has fulfilled the dreams of many infertile patients and patients with genetic diseases. Now, the fourth generation of IVF is coming, and customizing the baby is no longer just thinking about it.
Then the question is, what is the difference between the fourth generation and the first three generations of IVF?
The first generation of IVF IVF mainly solved the infertility caused by female factors; The second generation of IVF mainly solves the infertility caused by male factors; The third generation of test-tube babies mainly choose healthy offspring from biological inheritance, and provide parents with genetic diseases with the opportunity to have children.
The first three generations of IVF have certain limitations. For elderly women or women with poor egg quality, the main reason for the failure of IVF is that the egg is not fertilized or even stops developing, and the reason is often that the egg itself lacks energy. If the sperm quality of both husband and wife is not high, even if fertilization is successful, the embryo survival rate is not high, and the fourth generation of IVF can completely improve the vitality of eggs through a third party.
The fourth generation of IVF technology can absorb nutrient solution from third-party eggs and inject it into maternal eggs through embryo replacement technology, keeping the maternal genes unchanged and giving the declining eggs new vitality, thus avoiding the doubts of using third-party eggs and genes. It can also screen more than 6000 genes. From the embryo gene analysis, we can know the future baby's situation, intelligence or not, which field we are good at, etc. This technology is different from PGD/NGS chromosome screening technology.
Are you excited to see this? Now medical technology is more and more developed, and the emergence of the fourth generation of IVF technology has improved the success rate of IVF to a higher level, which can help couples who have failed in vitro for many times to realize their dreams.
In the near future, we can learn about the baby's growth from a small embryo, which indirectly reduces the probability of the baby getting sick. We can not only decide the baby's sex, but also decide the baby's good field. It's amazing!
Here comes the customized baby. Do you hold it?
The fourth generation of IVF technology in the United States, that is, plasma exchange technology of IVF follicles, is mainly aimed at the population with declining egg quality of older women. Through the egg nucleus replacement between the old egg and the old woman's egg, a new egg is formed with the nucleus and cytoplasm of the old egg. Many organizations claim that this is the best choice for older women to resume healthy childbirth.