What problems need psychological counseling?

Psychological problems cover a wide range, including all kinds of negative emotions in our daily work, study and life, interpersonal problems, marital emotional confusion, parenting education, workplace stress, and so on. Psychological problems can be generally divided into four grades from healthy state to mental illness state: healthy state-bad state-psychological disorder-mental illness. 1. Mental health state The criteria for distinguishing mental health state from unhealthy state have always been a topic of discussion in the field of psychology. Many psychologists at home and abroad put forward various mental health standards according to their own research and investigation results. We summarized the previous theories and experiences and put forward a simple evaluation method. That is, from my evaluation, others' evaluation and social function: 1 I don't feel pain, that is, the feeling of happiness is greater than the feeling of pain for a period of time. 2. Others don't feel abnormal, that is, psychological activities are coordinated with the surrounding environment, and there is no phenomenon that they are incompatible with the surrounding environment and people. 3. Good social function refers to being competent for family and social roles, and being able to make full use of existing conditions (or create conditions) in the general social environment to give full play to one's own abilities and realize self-worth. Second, the bad state, also known as the third state, is a state between a healthy state and a disease state. It is a common sub-health state of normal people. It is caused by personal psychological quality (such as being too competitive, withdrawn, sensitive, etc.). ), life events (such as work pressure, promotion failure, superior criticism, frustration in marriage and love, etc.). ) and poor health (such as overwork and physical illness). Its characteristics are: 1. The time is short, and this state lasts for a short time, which can generally be alleviated within one week. The damage is slight. This state has little influence on its social function. People in this state can generally complete their daily work, study and life, but the pleasure is less than the pain. Tired, annoyed, unhappy and coping are their common words. 3. Dr. Bos from Yanyuan suggested that light people can adjust themselves and improve their mental state by relaxing, such as rest, chatting, exercising, fishing, traveling and entertainment. But there are still quite a few people who have not been relieved after a week, and may form a relatively fixed state. You should seek the help of a professional psychological counselor as soon as possible and get an adjustment as soon as possible. Third, psychological barriers Psychological barriers are the advance, stagnation, delay, retreat or deviation of a certain aspect (or aspects) of the psychological state caused by personal and external factors. Its characteristics are: 1. Inconsistent. The external manifestations of their psychological activities are not commensurate with their physiological age or their reaction style is different from that of ordinary people. For example, adults show childish state (stagnation, procrastination, retreat); Children's adult behavior (unbalanced advanced development); Abnormal (deviant) reaction to external stimuli, etc. 2. People in this state often have a strong psychological reaction (including thinking, belief and behavior) to obstacles (such as sensitive things, things and environment), but they may behave normally to non-obstacles. 3. It hurts a lot. This state has a great influence on its social function. It may make the parties unable to complete one (or several) social work according to the standards of ordinary people. Such as: social anxiety (also known as social fear), unable to complete social activities; Sharp weapon terrorists dare not use knives and scissors, and it is difficult for people with sexual and psychological disorders to communicate with the opposite sex normally; Compulsion and depression, etc. This situation needs the help of a psychologist. Most people in this state can't solve the fundamental problem through self-regulation and the help of non-professionals. The guidance of psychologists is necessary. Fourth, mental illness Mental illness is a strong psychological reaction (thinking, emotion, behavior, will) caused by personal and external factors, accompanied by obvious physical discomfort. It is the external manifestation of brain dysfunction. Its characteristics are: 1. Strong psychological reaction will lead to misjudgment, decreased agility, decreased memory, sticky mind blank, strong sense of inferiority and pain, lack of energy, depression turning into depression, nervousness and anxiety, and abnormal behavior (such as repetitive actions, reduced actions, withdrawal behavior, etc.). ), as well as a decline in will. 2. The obvious physical discomfort due to the dysfunction of the central control system can cause the dysfunction of various systems of the controlled human body: if the digestive system is affected, symptoms such as loss of appetite, abdominal distension, constipation or diarrhea (or constipation-diarrhea alternation) can occur; If the cardiovascular system is affected, there will be symptoms such as palpitation, chest tightness and dizziness; If it affects the endocrine system, there will be changes in women's menstrual cycle, male sexual dysfunction ... and so on. 3. Patients with severe injuries can't or barely complete social functions, lack relaxed and happy experiences, and have a strong sense of pain. "It's uncomfortable everywhere" and "It's better to be alive than dead" are their true inner experiences. 4. Need the help of professional psychologists, because patients in this state can't recover through self-regulation and treatment of non-psychological professionals. Psychologists generally adopt a comprehensive treatment method combining psychotherapy and drug therapy for such patients. In the early stage of treatment, mood can be quickly adjusted by mood-regulating drugs, psychological disorders can be relieved by psychotherapy in the middle and late stage, social functions can be restored by psychological training, and mental health level can be improved.