Programmers are at the bottom of the technological growth process. They need to master all kinds of language skills, know the applicability of skills and make the most appropriate arrangement of resources.
(2) Senior programmer
Senior programmers are good at software development and can guide and lead programmers to complete large-scale software development. Senior programmers are also technical experts in the field of software development. They have rich working experience and theoretical knowledge, and are proficient in programming languages in a certain field and modular development. OOP (Object-Oriented Programming Language) is also a necessary ability for advanced programmers.
(3)SD system designer
System analyst is a senior talent in computer industry. In the computer software industry, the system analyst is at the top of the pyramid. Generally speaking, system analysts are the core leaders of large-scale software projects. His main duties are to make overall planning and demand analysis of software, design the core architecture of software, guide and lead the project development team to carry out software development and implementation, and comprehensively manage the whole project. A system analyst's job responsibility determines that he must be a master in all fields of computer industry, so a qualified system analyst can be proficient in all kinds of computer frontier theories, specific software and hardware development technologies, knowledge of large-scale databases, overall planning and framework design of projects, modular design and development technologies, digital construction knowledge and so on. System analysts have the ability to play different core roles in different stages of an information project from project establishment to official launch, among which the most important ability is the overall design ability and detailed design ability of the system architecture, which is directly related to the success or failure of a software project.
System designers should be very familiar with the software technology used in "System Architecture". If you have good programming skills, you will become an excellent system designer. It is very important for the system designer to map the structural model to the implementation model. In the stage from concept to implementation, the quality of planning and combination model is the standard to determine the quality of system designers. The work of system analysts can be roughly divided into the following stages according to the stages:
System analysis: analyze the current system: determine the functional requirements of the system; Determine the resources of the system: protection and performance requirements, develop the system architecture, and determine the environmental and organizational changes that users will face.
Preliminary design: divide the job subsystem, draw up the input, output, interface and job processing flow of the subsystem, the manual operation specification of the subsystem, the design of logical material library, and list the software and hardware specifications of the system.
Fine step design: design entity database: design manual operation program; Design file formats and output and input formats; Formulate program specifications and step-by-step processes: determine common routines * * * enjoy programs.
System testing: testing, error data collection and analysis according to various functions defined in the analysis stage.
Data conversion: sorting and compiling documents, assigning staff and training, and data conversion.
System maintenance: correcting potential errors in the system: making appropriate adjustments to adapt to changes in the environment.
Due to the nature of the work, analysts in the organization need to discuss the system requirements with the relevant personnel of the operating unit, and on the other hand, they need to know the progress of programmers in time to grasp the progress of system development. So they often travel between different units, but most of the time they work alone: they don't want to be disturbed by too much outside. So there are usually fixed and quiet offices. The qualifications of information practitioners, except the government, public utilities and financial institutions, can be stipulated in the regulations on the appointment of technicians or passed the examination. General private enterprises and computer companies have no qualification restrictions, but only those with computer professional knowledge and practical experience can be competent for system analysis. There are certain standards before recruitment, which are usually classified as follows:
Education: College degree or above. Information science department, business administration department, management research institute and other relevant departments.
Technical ability: Information workers should be proficient in English besides Chinese.
Age and sex: Generally, there is no limit to gender, but the proportion of men is high, and they are over 28 years old.
Personality: lively, enterprising, capable of organization and coordination, and most importantly, careful and careful. Here, I want to briefly discuss the necessary qualities and skills of system analysts, because it is written in a hurry and may not be complete.
(1) has strong theoretical research ability and practical ability, can expand on the basis of existing theories, and make full use of theoretical basis to guide practical work.
(2) Proficient in mainstream computer software and hardware development methods and languages, proficient in the * * * format between development languages, and able to skillfully use mainstream development languages for actual development work.
(3) Have high practical ability, and be able to undertake the system analysis and design work which is difficult and requires high computer professional knowledge.
(4) Have good guidance and communication skills, be able to serve as the director and technical backbone of the project organization, and comprehensively guide the project development team to carry out the actual development work.
(5) Understand and clarify the system suggestions, management objectives and strategic development direction of the construction unit.
(6) Be able to determine the long-term goal of information system construction with the top management of the organization and make necessary decomposition.
(7) On the basis of detailed investigation, correctly judge the internal and external conditions of the organization and conduct feasibility analysis.
(8) Be able to determine the development strategy of the organization information system according to the actual situation.
(9) Ability to select appropriate methods and tools and train developers.
(10) Be good at communication, properly coordinate the views of decision makers, developers and business personnel, and reach a consensus.
(1 1) keeps track of the latest development of information technology in the world, and can establish a technical model suitable for business needs.
(12) has strong administrative ability, and can properly dispatch personnel, finance, materials and other factors to achieve development goals.
With software engineering technology, it is impossible to write software code directly. But with the thinking mode of software engineering, software engineers can not only think from the perspective of the whole application software system, but more importantly, on the basis of professional technology accumulation, ordinary code writers can gradually grow into technical managers such as system analysts and software project managers. (Excerpt) Here I want to briefly discuss the position of the role of system analyst in domestic software companies.
Domestic software companies have different positioning of system analysis and system analyst. According to incomplete understanding, there are roughly the following situations:
(1) There is no formal system analyst.
There will be many situations here:
Customers will provide more detailed requirements. The customer acts as a system analyst;
In the early stage of the project, the project manager or business personnel have found out the general idea of the customer and the requirements of some major parts through discussion. They can directly tell software engineers what to do. At this point, the project manager or business person acts as a system analyst;
Software engineers are independent and responsible for the requirements analysis, design and development of a system or some modules. Software engineers have the opportunity to have some contact with customers. At this time, the software engineer acts as a system analyst;
In outsourcing projects, the results of system analysis are provided by the employer. At this time, the foreign party acted as a system analyst.
(2) Have a formal system analyst.
There are two situations here: analysts do demand analysis and system overall design (architecture design and outline design) at the same time, and such analysts are often promoted by design and development experts; The other is just to do demand analysis and ensure that the implementation of the system meets the needs of customers. Such analysts are often familiar with customer business, have certain research, or have certain industry background.
System analysts need to communicate with customers constantly to ensure the correctness of requirements and respond to changes in requirements in a timely manner; In addition, communicate with developers, so that developers have an accurate understanding of the requirements; Cooperate with testers, such as writing test cases, verifying requirements and testing solutions for users. Cooperate with business personnel, provide necessary support in the preparation of quotation, and even cooperate with the help of document authors, and so on.
(3) Sometimes there are, sometimes there are no system analysts.
According to the needs of the project, sometimes he is a system analyst, and sometimes he holds other positions. I won't elaborate here.
Finally, a suggestion:
No matter what responsibilities the company entrusts you with, you should actively do the work within the scope of your responsibilities, cooperate with other roles, and constantly learn and improve yourself. In recent years, the use of electronic calculators by China government and industrial and commercial enterprises has increased rapidly, and the demand for talents is increasing. However, the supply of information talents trained by schools is in short supply.
Therefore, it has created more outlets for other departments, especially business departments. Looking forward to the future, under the situation that the economic structure has changed and the scale of various industries has been expanding, it is necessary to establish computerized management systems for enterprises, and the demand for system analysts will increase even more. Therefore, the employment prospects of young people who have received information education or training, have professional knowledge of electronic calculators and business management concepts are very optimistic.