Development course of informatization in construction industry
The development of informatization in construction industry can be roughly divided into three stages:
-Building Informatization1.0 (1950-1990)
Building informatization 1.0 represents the transformation of architectural design from traditional manual drawing to time-saving, labor-saving and more accurate computer drawing, and CAD application has been popularized. Since the birth of CAD technology in 1950s, commodity design, engineering design and other design fields have developed vigorously. However, due to the high price and complex technology of computers, there are few commercial CAD equipment. Until the 1980s, the appearance of large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits and workstations greatly improved the performance of CAD systems, and the development of graphics processing software became more and more mature. The application of two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics processing technology, simulation, dynamic landscape, scientific calculation visualization and other technologies triggered the first revolution of building informatization.
-Building Informatization 2.0( 1990-2000)
Building informatization 2.0 represents that information of all participants in construction projects can be shared through the Internet, and data between multiple projects can be exchanged. At the end of 1980s, the rise of Internet provided people with huge information resources and service resources, which greatly promoted information exchange and technical exchange. The development of Internet has also promoted the data exchange among participants in construction projects and among multiple projects.
-Building Informatization 3.0(2000-)
The application and popularization of BIM technology represents that building informatization has entered the 3.0 era. The first software model of BIM appeared in the early1980s. However, the development and application of related technologies were limited because the hardware required for the early software operation was very expensive. 1984, ArchiCAD radar
CH provides BIM software that can run on personal computers.
2/kloc-0 At the beginning of the 20th century, with the rapid development of Internet and computers, BIM gradually attracted widespread attention in the market, and the standard system of BIM began to be established, which made BIM technology mature. With the further development of the Internet and the wide application of BIM technology, the development of the construction industry tends to be personalized, customized and intensive, and the upstream and downstream data and information of the industrial chain are gradually shared.
At the same time, new technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, 5G, construction robots and virtual reality are combined with BIM technology to promote the further reconstruction of the information market in the construction industry.
BIM promotion is still the focus of work, and construction robots have become a new research direction.
Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", a series of policies have been issued at the national level to promote the information transformation of the construction industry, among which BIM technology has become the first of the five information technologies promoted by the construction industry in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan".
According to the statistics of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, in the third quarter of 20 19, the number of BIM projects was 1540, up by 18% year-on-year. Among them, there are 553 BIM projects in Beijing.
In April, 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued "Work Points of the Engineering Quality and Safety Supervision Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2020", proposing to promote the BIM drawing review mode in promoting the development of green construction and the transformation of the construction industry, promoting the integrated application of BIM technology in the whole process of engineering construction, and taking construction robots as the development research direction.
At present, there is little research on construction robots in China, mainly focusing on the external wall cleaning and automatic installation of high-rise buildings, such as the high-rise curtain wall cleaning robot developed by Jiangxi University of Science and Technology and the indoor plate installation robot under the 863 project. In the future, global technology will move towards Industry 4.0, and construction robots will become an important part of building informatization.
BIM+ Prefabricated Buildings Promote the High-quality Development of China Construction Industry
Assembled buildings adopt standardized design, industrialized production, assembled construction and information management, which has the advantages of good engineering quality, fast construction efficiency, low labor cost, environmental protection and material saving. In recent years, the state has vigorously promoted the development of prefabricated buildings. According to the planning goal of the Outline of Building Industrialization Development, by 2020, prefabricated buildings will account for 20% of new buildings; By 2025, the proportion will reach more than 50%.
Applying BIM technology to the design, production, transportation, construction, operation and maintenance stages of prefabricated buildings can effectively improve design efficiency, optimize production processes, improve construction level, optimize processes and costs, and enhance operation and maintenance capabilities.
For more data, please refer to the Analysis Report on Market Foresight and Investment Strategic Planning of China Building Information Model (BIM) by Forward-looking Industry Research Institute.