What do you mean by agriculture, countryside and farmers?
"Agriculture, countryside and farmers" refers to serving the countryside, agriculture and farmers. It refers to agriculture, countryside and farmers. The purpose of studying agriculture, rural areas and farmers is to solve the problems of increasing farmers' income, agricultural development and rural stability. In fact, this is the trinity of living area, occupation and subject identity, but the three have different emphases, so the above three issues must be considered comprehensively.
The weakness of agriculture, rural areas and farmers
First of all, as the primary industry, agriculture, whether in the stage of traditional agriculture or modern agriculture, faces not only huge market risks but also unpredictable natural risks compared with the secondary and tertiary industries. Secondly, affected by the law of diminishing land income, farmers' income is always restricted by an upper limit, and the extra investment in agriculture is not necessarily proportional to the output. Even if farmers increase their investment, they can't break through this upper limit, while the secondary and tertiary industries don't have this upper limit, and the input is directly proportional to the output.
Although modern science and technology have made amazing progress in agriculture, there is less and less room to further improve the output and quality of agricultural products by relying on science and technology. Thirdly, because China has basically achieved a well-off society, some large and medium-sized cities have even crossed the well-off society and entered a relatively affluent stage. In addition, most agricultural products are the most basic necessities of life, and the demand elasticity is small. With the improvement of consumers' income level and the decrease of Engel's coefficient, the direct consumption of agricultural products by residents can not be greatly increased, and some even decreased. Therefore, the weak position of agriculture determines the low income of farmers engaged in agricultural production.
The importance of three rural issues
In fact, this is the trinity of living area, occupation and subject identity, but the three have different emphases, so the above three issues must be considered comprehensively. As a big agricultural country, China's "three rural issues" are related to national quality, economic development, social stability and national prosperity.
Agricultural problems are mainly agricultural industrialization. Market economy is a market-oriented economic form that allocates resources according to the market. The poor agricultural purchase and sale system is an important reason why agriculture cannot develop rapidly. I often hear peasant brothers complain that things can't be sold or sold too cheaply, and the root is that they don't follow the market rules. The formation of one-stop production, supply and marketing is a good move for agriculture in the current market economy, which plays a key role in creating the chain of production, supply and marketing. Another problem of agricultural industrialization is that China's agriculture is basically a self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy at present, and there is no scale economy. How to deal with the challenge of intensive agriculture abroad after China's entry into WTO? For a big agricultural country like China, this will be a serious problem. In the future, China should liberate the surplus labor force, improve agricultural labor productivity by accelerating agricultural mechanization, abandon the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economy and meet the challenge of China's entry into WTO.
At present, a prominent problem in rural areas is the reform of household registration system. In the past, the household registration system divided urban and rural areas into two parts, which formed a huge difference in economic development and cultural level between urban and rural areas. This household registration system is the necessity of top-down administration under the planned economy system, and it has been unanimously questioned by the theoretical circle today when building a market economy. At present, the reform of household registration system in various places is "cutting the knife" to this unreasonable system, hoping to further liberate the rural surplus labor force. However, it is necessary to look ahead: after the reform of the household registration system, if the liberated surplus labor force is not properly resettled and channeled, the immigration tide will cause considerable pressure on social security. Therefore, the steps of urbanization need to be controlled, and small towns are necessary supporting measures to eliminate the binary opposition between urban and rural areas and reform the household registration system.
The problem of farmers can be divided into two issues: quality and burden reduction. The quality of farmers mainly refers to cultural quality. According to statistics, by the end of 2000, the population coverage rate of compulsory education, that is, junior high school entrance examination, reached 85%. Among the people not covered by the junior high school entrance examination, the rural population accounts for the majority. At the same time, the family planning policy has also been resisted to some extent in rural areas. Under the guidance of the wrong idea that "releasing a sheep is also releasing a flock of sheep", the vicious circle of "getting poorer and poorer". Three generations of gentlemen. How can nationals without a certain cultural quality compete with powerful countries? Therefore, improving farmers' quality is an important measure to enrich the people and strengthen the country.
Another big problem of farmers' problem is the problem of reducing the burden. The heavy burden on farmers directly affects farmers' income. An important reason for the heavy burden on farmers is that the reform is not strong enough. At present, some local departments are still "not many people in charge, but many people eat". Therefore, to reduce the burden on farmers, we should first consider strengthening institutional adjustment, reducing staff and increasing efficiency, and putting farmers' income in the first place.
China is a big agricultural country with a rural population of nearly 900 million, accounting for 70% of the national population. The agricultural population reached 700 million, accounting for 50. 1% of the total industrial population. To solve the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers, we must consider the systematic development of agriculture itself and the coordinated development among the three major industries. The solution of the "three rural issues" is of great significance, not only the ardent hope of the peasant brothers.