Some lawyers pointed out that the first condition for developers to hand over houses is that "three books, one certificate and one form" are complete, namely: residential quality guarantee, residential instruction manual, construction project quality certificate, real estate development and construction project completion comprehensive acceptance certificate, and completion acceptance record form. Generally, at the delivery site, developers will publicize these documents, and buyers can apply for copying and preservation according to their own needs.
Lawyers reminded that the completion acceptance record form is particularly important. When inspecting a house, it is necessary not only to see whether the developer has this completion acceptance record form, but also to carefully check whether each sub-item is filed, such as fire protection facilities. "Completion Acceptance Record Form" has a strict binding effect on developers, and they can be held accountable if there are problems.
Check the security door
Just after getting out of the elevator and not entering the door, the house inspector carefully looked at the entrance door. The master had already spoken before he saw anything. "You see, the vertical angle lines of the right door frame of this door are not parallel, which affects the appearance too much."
After hearing his prompt, the owner followed his instructions and saw the door frame on the right, starting from the top and falling down, gradually forming an acute angle with the corner line. Hand painting, about 5 degrees. "This may be when installing the door, it is not straight enough, or the corner line may be crooked."
When entering the door, the home inspector paid special attention to the sealing degree of the door and repeatedly opened and closed the door several times. He didn't hear anything special, and the door and lock were flexible accordingly. The inspector said that the quality of the door is not bad, and it is a "Buyun" brand.
After entering the door, the person behind him conveniently closed the door. At this time, the inspector suddenly remembered something, opened the door again, stood on tiptoe and touched the upper edge of the outer door frame. I touched it and really found the problem for him. "You touched it, too." He asked the shopkeeper. After the owner touched it, he immediately understood the problem. On the right side of the top of the security door, there is a gap of about 5 cm at the joint of the frame wall. Although it is not deep, it is obviously not tight enough. "This has nothing to do with the door, mainly because it is a bit thick when it is installed."
Inspection key points: check whether there are scratches, whether there is deformation at the door edge, whether the door and frame are tightly sealed, whether there is any special sound when opening and closing the door, and the door lock switch should be flexible.
After entering the room, home inspector began to unload his shoulder bag and watched him magically pull out measuring tools from it. Many tool owners see it for the first time and feel quite fresh. Rummaging through a pile of tools for a while, the home inspector picked out a tool similar to a Grenade, but not as round as a Grenade. Home inspector explained that this is a range finder, and its principle is to measure the height, depth and width of houses by laser. Asked about the price of this instrument, he said that the imported instrument is more expensive, which costs more than 1000 yuan, while the domestic one is much cheaper, only a few hundred yuan is enough. However, if you think about the average homeowner, there is really no need to buy such expensive things for inspection. Therefore, if you are going to inspect the house yourself, it is recommended to bring a tape measure, but the process is a little more complicated.
Home inspector first tested the floor height in the living room, and home inspector immediately corrected the owner, saying that it was not the floor height, but the clear height of the house. "High with a floor, the upper and lower floors are half of you. Excluding the floor thickness of the upper and lower floors is the net height of the house. " The house inspector is very interesting. He found a place in the four corners and the center of the living room, where he could measure one by one and write down the measurement data casually near the measurement point, 2. 1, 2.62, etc. This is a bit different. Does this mean that the roof is a little tilted? "If this is the case, the second place behind the decimal point is a bit different, so it shouldn't matter. According to national regulations, the error between each point is normal within 2 cm. "
Inspection points: when checking whether the roof is inclined, take five points in the southeast, northwest and middle of the roof for measurement. If the values are consistent, the roof is not tilted. For example, the height of the room is 2.6 meters, indicating that the roof is not horizontally inclined. At the same time, you can tie the weight to the roof with a string, stick it on the wall and put it down to the foot of the wall, and check its vertical inclination from all sides. Generally speaking, if the error exceeds 3 cm, you should be vigilant. This problem can also reflect the level of building quality. Generally speaking, the clear height measured in each room will be a little different, which is related to the area of the room. Generally speaking, the larger the area, the thicker the floor and the smaller the clear height. The smaller the area, the greater the clear height. )
Check whether the net height of the house meets the contract.
After measuring the height, home inspector took out a "tower ruler", which can be folded around the waist, straightened and tightly attached to the walls and floors of various functional areas, with smooth and flat sides. At this time, there will be some gaps between the tower ruler and the wall or the ground. So, he took out a small ruler with a special shape, stuffed it into the gap between the multifunctional detector and the wall, and then reported back: "2 mm, normal." That kind of small ruler with special shape is called "vernier feeler", which can be used with multi-purpose detector to detect the flatness of wall and ground. Mr. Zhou said that one or two millimeters of flat cracks are basically caused by irregular plastering, and the problem is not big.
Inspection points: If there is no tower ruler and vernier feeler, you can also use flat wood block and feeler to check. Press the wood tightly against the wall and insert the feeler gauge. If the display is within 4 mm, it is normal according to national regulations.
Check the flatness of the wall.
Home inspector then took out two metal bars with proper terms-benchmarking and testing hammer, mainly to check the hollowing (and cracking) of the ceiling, wall and ground. This is the most time-consuming part of the inspection that afternoon, on the one hand, it is a large area, on the other hand, it is also because there are many problems.
The home inspector kept banging the ceiling, wall and floor with the end of the metal bar. The whole person bends down from top to bottom like doing gymnastics, knocking from the living room to the dining room and knocking from the dining room to the bedroom. It looks more like a physical activity.
Benchmark is not a special "house inspection tool". Generally, decoration companies will knock on the ceiling with bamboo poles and the like before decoration to check whether the ceiling is empty. The role of this benchmark is the same as that of a bamboo pole. A solid voice sounds dull, while an empty drum sounds crisp. In some parts that can't stand beating, the plastering layer may fall off. This has something to do with irregular construction. For example, some workers did not pass the construction technology and did not fully wet the wool wall before plastering. Of course, it may also be caused by the unbalanced composition of mortar. Home inspector is experienced enough, because he knows that empty drum is the most accompanying phenomenon in the process of house inspection. So he put a piece of chalk at the end of the metal bar, and the empty drum appeared. He directly circled the empty drum with purple chalk. It is clear at a glance that the construction unit will come back to rework.
The test hammer is a tool to beat the wall and the ground. Just like knocking on the ceiling, it takes 25 minutes to knock on every corner of the wall and ground. But the cost is still effective: he found an empty drum the size of two palms above the entrance door, and then found a larger empty drum in the guest room, about one-third of the square meter. A bigger accident is yet to come. When testing the skirting line on the north side of the living room, I found a long empty drum belt, which is more than two meters long. The master knocked with his finger and heard the obviously different empty drums. Asked why he had such a long empty drum belt, he said there were many reasons. "It may be that when painting, the ground was not cleaned, and a lot of dust ran up, causing an isolation layer."
Inspection key points: if the empty drum is not treated, it may crack after two or three years. First, you can ask developers to rework, and second, you should pay special attention to this place when decorating. According to the relevant national regulations, the hollowing area of the wall is below 400 square centimeters, and the hollowing length at the skirting line is less than 30 centimeters, so the construction unit does not need to rectify.
Check the wall and floor for hollowing.
After checking the empty drum in the guest room, home inspector's eyes were suddenly attracted by the ground, and then he ran out to look at the living room floor. After returning to the guest room again, he rubbed the ground with his sole, and gradually, a layer of dusty things appeared on the ground. Then he turned to the staff of the real estate company who accompanied the house inspection and said, "There seems to be something wrong with the quality here." The problem that the inspector said refers to the sand on the ground. "This is obviously the unreasonable gradation of sand and gravel during construction, resulting in more sand and less cement." Because people decorate now, they usually have to lay a floor with ridges. After being covered by the floor, even the sandy ground can't be seen, but obviously, the sandy ground is unqualified in terms of engineering quality. Asked if there was any way to solve it, the inspector said that only one layer of cement floor could be paved, but in that case, the height of the ground was affected to some extent.
Key points: When rubbing the ground with the sole of your foot, try your best. The sandy ground has a feeling that it can't be washed clean, and then peeling and sanding appear.
Check whether there is sand on the ground.
In this step of inspection, the gold content is relatively high in the whole inspection process. The house inspector said that when turning on the tap, try to turn it up as much as possible to make the water flow bigger and faster. One is to look at the water pressure, and the other is to try the drainage speed. Home inspector took out a large roll of plastic bags, then unfolded one and took a bag full of water under the tap. Immediately, he carefully carried the water bag to various drainage places for irrigation, such as basin drainage, bathtub drainage, bathroom drainage, kitchen hygiene, balcony floor drain and so on. And poured a big bag of water into each drain. After hearing the grunt, he turned to the shopkeeper and said, "Everything is open." In the meantime, you can also look at the problem of stagnant water in the bathroom. It is also necessary to store some water in the bathroom first, and then drain it to see if the slope of the ground is reasonable. Never lean against the door. There should be no water on the qualified ground. Generally speaking, the house inspection is completed after this step, but the home inspector told the owner Mr. Fu in great detail, "It is best to cover and tie the nozzle with plastic bags as soon as possible to prevent foreign objects from entering the blocked pipeline."
Check fluctuation
Plastic bags filled with water can't be thrown away, because it will play a more important role in the future, and it will be used as a "sandbag" to block the breach. Of course, this breach is not a real breach, but a floor drain in the bathroom. The house inspector temporarily blocked the floor drain in the bathroom with a water bag, then turned on the faucet in the bathroom again and put the water at a height of 2 cm from the ground.
This is a leak test of the bathroom floor. This water will be stored for 24 hours, and then I will check whether the ceiling downstairs leaks, and I will also check whether the skirting line of the room next to my bathroom leaks. Of course, it's a little difficult to do this inspection with the appointment of the upper and lower floors, but the procedures for drainage and water saving must be kept. Even if there is no one downstairs for the time being, once you see that the ceiling of your bathroom is leaking, there are still remedial measures.
Home inspector also told me that when decorating the bathroom, the owner should remind the decoration company that the waterproof layer of the wall should be at least 1.5 meters high, otherwise the water sprayed from the shower room may leak into the next room. Generally speaking, the tiles in the bathroom must be stuck at the height of 1.5 meters or more, but the waterproof treatment under the tiles is easily forgotten by the decoration company.
Closed water storage test
Due to the inspection of the entrance door, many problems were found, and the house inspector was particularly careful when checking the windows. I saw him take out a piece of paper from his pocket, then put it in the seal, shut the door, and forced the paper out. He also kindly invited the shopkeeper to try it. The sealing performance of the window is good, but the careful house inspector found a big problem. When checking the seam of the window frame wall of the south master bedroom, I forgot to apply sealant at a finger-wide place. This place is very secret. If you don't lean out and touch around, it's hard to find the problem. "This must be rectified, because it is easy to leak water along the window frame when it rains heavily." One side of the host nodding. In his view, just seeing this place, today's house inspection fee is paid well, and his own house inspection is rarely so careful. But it also reminds us once again that the key is the details.
Check the sealing of doors and windows.
Home inspector finally tested the power supply with the help of ordinary power plug-in board. He plugged in every fixed socket in the house and saw that the power boards were all on, which proved that the circuit was smooth.
This is the end of the house inspection tour, but if the requirements are more stringent, there are still some small places to be inspected. If the owner inspects the house himself, he might as well take these with him.
Check the kitchen flue.
Use a flashlight to check whether there is any construction waste in the flue and vent, and put it at a distance of 10 cm after it is ignited with a paper roll to see if the smoke rises to the flue and immediately turn around and suck it away.
Water meter idling test
Turn off the water valve switch in the house and observe whether the water meter is idling. If it is, notify the house management and maintenance department to check whether the water pipe and water valve are leaking.
Check whether the supporting facilities agreed in the contract are complete.
Some owners look very carefully when they close the house. The problems of the house are all rectified by the developers, and they feel no problem. However, even smart people sometimes nod their heads. After check-in, the owner found that the mailbox in the community was of poor quality and could be opened without a key. Not long after the underground garage opened, he asked the property manager to report that the developer had not done well before and was coordinating. Please be patient.
Ding Bo, a famous house inspector in Nanjing, pointed out that in addition to checking the indoor quality, the supporting facilities should also be considered, such as whether the houses, garages, clubs, greening and landscape gardens built synchronously in the community meet the commitments, whether the decoration of public parts such as lobby, corridor, wall, floor and roof meets the commitments, and whether they are equipped with mailboxes, elevators and perimeter alarm systems. In addition to the terms contained in the contract, when inspecting the supporting facilities, you can also refer to the developer's early publicity materials.
At the same time, before signing the "Housing Acceptance Sheet", it is best for buyers to sign a "Property Management Convention", which is agreed in advance to avoid disputes in the future. Find out what constitutes the property management fee to be paid in the future, and how to verify the cleaning fee, security fee and greening fee. At the same time, look at the qualifications of residential property management companies.
What should I do if I find that the plan has changed?
When the owner, Mr. Zhang, bought a new house in a certain district, he was attracted by the greening rate of more than 60%. After handing over the house, Mr. Zhang found that the green area was not as big as expected. He went to the community forum to know that the developer later changed the plan and the greening rate was only 40%. Mr. Zhang was very angry and asked to check out.
Lawyers pointed out that if the legitimate rights and interests of buyers are damaged due to changes in planning and design, buyers have the right to know, and can return a house and recover the losses caused. However, it should be noted that: first, changes in planning and design must be approved by the competent department; Second, not all changes need to be notified to the buyer. Real estate development enterprises are obliged to inform buyers only when the structural form, apartment type, space size and orientation of commercial housing change due to planning and design changes, and other conditions agreed by the parties to the contract that affect the quality or use function of commercial housing; Third, only if the planning and design changes affect the above-mentioned changes in the purchased houses and affect the use, they have the right to choose to return a house. The increase of plot ratio and the decrease of green space ratio are common planning and design changes, but this does not belong to the check-out situation stipulated by the state, and buyers can only make an agreement in the supplementary terms of the contract to prevent this from happening.
In short, in the process of housing acceptance, buyers must find out whether each item is in line with the contract. If any nonconformities are found, they should be fed back to the developer in time, and the developer should be required to make corresponding repairs or compensation.