1. Do what you can and bargain appropriately.
Residents should consider meeting the basic use functions and reflecting the atmosphere of home styling, and at the same time establish a reasonable investment in decoration expenses in advance according to their own economic conditions. The gross profit margin of regular decoration enterprises accounts for about 10%-20% of the total project cost. Some consumers cut the management fee of the company to 5% of the total project cost. In order to maintain a reasonable profit, decoration companies only "cut corners" on materials and labor costs, and the ultimate victims are residents.
2. Get ready and do it in one go
Be sure to leave enough time before the decoration, so that the design, materials, inquiry and budget are in place. The more thorough the preliminary preparation, the faster the decoration may be. When the tenant receives the engineering drawings and quotations, he must read them carefully and pay attention to whether all the renovation projects you requested have been provided. For example, did you miss curtains or a door? Unfortunately, many households only care about the final total price. But if this quotation doesn't include all the items you want, isn't it over budget in the end? These missed projects will definitely be indispensable when they arrive at the scene. At that time, not only will the cost increase, but it will also be "subject to people."
3. Work with materials, clearly understand.
The drawings and quotations provided by the decoration company should show the size, practice, materials (including model and brand) and price of the project, and cannot be generalized. For example, it is obviously not specific enough for consumers to see the price tag of "30 yuan/square meter of wall paint". First of all, Nippon paint is a brand of paint, and there are many products, such as interior wall paint, exterior wall paint and wood paint. Interior wall coatings are divided into several categories, each with many colors and different prices.
4. Special circumstances, special budget
On the wall decoration. There is an extra charge for the treatment of large cracks. Especially gypsum board laying, it usually needs to add more than 30 yuan per square meter. This cost is often not reflected in the budget, but is put forward separately according to the actual situation when going to the site for construction. Some families like to use different colors to make a certain pattern when laying floor tiles, and this mosaic fee is usually raised at the time of settlement. In the budget, a small part of the renovation cost of waterways and circuits is usually paid first, and then settled according to the actual amount when completed. For these special projects and budgets, residents must have a clear understanding of the market.
How to Adjust the Financial Thinking of "Super House Slave"
Xiao Chen's family economic situation is quite special. He has been married for a year. Because the family conditions of both parties were acceptable, he paid the down payment to the child in advance. However, because both the self-occupied and newly purchased houses are mortgage houses, he is currently under the pressure of mortgage. The young couple are now struggling like two snails carrying heavy shells. After a detailed understanding, I made the following financial planning for it.
1. Basic customer information
Household assets and liabilities:
2 properties, one in the urban area, about 100 square meter, the current market price is 800,000, the mortgage balance is 200,000, the remaining loan period is 5 years, and the monthly payment is 382 1 yuan, which has been moved into a new house; One is located in the suburbs, about 150 square meters, with a market price of 750,000 yuan and a mortgage balance of 350,000 yuan. The remaining loan term is 15, and the monthly payment is 286 1 yuan. It was just delivered at the end of 2005 and is now vacant. Self-use of a car, the depreciated market value is 654.38+10,000 yuan, the car loan balance is 30,000 yuan, the remaining loan period is 2 years, and the monthly payment is 1.326 yuan; There is also a current deposit of about 10000 yuan.
Income of family members:
Mr. Chen is engaged in the communication industry, with a monthly income of 5,000 yuan and a year-end award of 20,000 yuan; Mrs. Chen is engaged in the financial industry, with a monthly income of 4,000 yuan and a year-end bonus of about 1000 yuan.
Overview of household expenditure:
The monthly loan is about 8000 yuan, the car maintenance fee 1 000 yuan, and the monthly living expenses 1 000 yuan.
Protection of family members:
The basic medical insurance paid by each unit does not include commercial supplementary insurance.
Financial objectives:
Get rid of the current financial shortage as soon as possible and improve the living consumption level;
I plan to add a baby immediately and prepare a certain amount of childcare and education expenses for my child;
How to deal with suburban real estate? Rent or sell?
Enhance the family's ability to resist risks, when to take out insurance and what insurance is the most appropriate.
Analysis of family economic situation
With their own efforts and the help of their families, Mr. and Mrs. Chen have initially established their own warm and happy little family, but at the same time. In the process of family formation, young couples also bear greater pressure and responsibilities, such as parental support and planned child rearing. Therefore, it is very important to rationally allocate family assets and liabilities and fully protect the risks of major family members.
Judging from the current economic situation of the Chen couple's family, there are mainly the following problems:
Question 1: Although the work and income of both parties are relatively stable, the monthly income and expenditure are in a state of making ends meet. The total deficit of the family financial year reached 1 1,000×12 =12,000 yuan, which almost offset the annual income and expenditure surplus. Although they are thrifty, their annual surplus is only 1.8 million yuan, which is harmful to family assets.
Question 2: From the perspective of the family's asset-liability structure, the debt ratio of Mr. Chen's family is only 35%, which is less than the bottom line of the usual safe debt ratio of 50%; The net worth ratio is 65%, and the family financial security is acceptable. However, most of the family assets are allocated in real estate; The bank deposit is only 6,543,800 yuan, and the family's asset liquidity is very poor, and its ability to resist risks is weak.
Question 3: among Mr. Chen's family assets, real estate accounts for 93% of the total assets. At present, one is vacant and the other is occupied by himself, which does not generate any income. Due to traffic and lots, the rent of suburban real estate is low, so it is impossible to support loans by rent. Generally speaking, the return on investment in assets is low. Question 4: Insufficient family risk protection. In the period of relatively tight funds, it is particularly important to ensure the risk protection of the main pillars of the family, and to ensure that the quality of family life and the upbringing of children are not affected by unexpected factors. Mr. and Mrs. Chen have similar incomes and equal economic status. So the amount of risk protection should be basically the same. However, at present, the two units have no supplementary insurance except basic old-age insurance and medical insurance. Faced with the heavy mortgage burden and the responsibility of raising children and parents in the future, the risk protection is obviously insufficient.
Financial advice
After testing the risk attributes of Mr. Chen and Mrs. Chen, the results show that the husband and wife have stable occupations, no family children and parents to support them at present, and considerable family assets, of which the most investment is real estate, which objectively has medium and high risk tolerance; In addition, from the analysis of subjective attitude towards risk, the husband and wife are relatively conservative, and can only tolerate the investment loss of about 10% at most. Facing the loss of more than 15%, they have certain psychological influence and fluctuation, and their attitude of taking risks is only moderate.
Sell urban real estate and improve family financial situation.
As mentioned earlier, there are some problems in Mr. Chen's family: monthly income and expenditure deficit, poor liquidity of assets, and low return on investment in assets. (Author's statement: Sohu exclusive manuscript, refusing to reprint on any website), but if one of the properties is sold, these problems can be solved to a great extent. However, different from Mr. Chen's consideration, it is suggested to keep the suburban real estate for personal use, but sell the urban real estate. The main reasons are as follows:
(1) The rental rent of suburban real estate is too low to support the loan. Because the lot deviates from the urban area, the supporting facilities of the community have not fully kept up at present. Moreover, at this stage, there are many real estates in the lot, and the rent is difficult to rise in the short term, and the return on investment is not high.
(2) The tax burden is high. According to the latest real estate tax policy, from June 1 2006, if the house has been purchased for less than five years, the business tax will be levied in full according to the income obtained from the sale of the house. Suburban real estate has been handed over for less than two years. Under the recent macro-control, the price of suburban real estate has not increased significantly, with an area of 150 square meters. Re-transfer requires additional taxes and fees, and the tax burden is obviously high. Facing the "chicken rib" state of suburban real estate, it is relatively more reasonable to dispose of urban real estate. On the one hand, because the house has been paid for five years, a large amount of taxes and fees can be exempted. On the other hand, considering that Mr. Chen's family has bought a car, although the suburbs are remote, it is convenient to get off work with a car.
Therefore, urban real estate can be sold through secondary mortgage, and family funds can be effectively revitalized. After returning the remaining loan of 200,000 yuan, the remaining working capital is about 600,000 yuan, and the suburban real estate decoration is about 6,543,800+5,000 yuan. Because the car loan interest rate is relatively high and the benchmark interest rate is implemented, it is recommended to return the car loan of 30,000 yuan in advance.
In addition, the suburban real estate loan of about 6.5438+0.5 million yuan can be partially repaid in advance, and the remaining loan is 200,000 yuan. 15 is paid off, and the monthly loan is 1635 yuan, which greatly reduces the repayment pressure. In the case of other income and expenditure unchanged, the monthly balance can reach 5365 yuan, saying goodbye to the deficit state completely.
2. Rational allocation of interest-bearing assets to improve capital investment income.
According to the risk attribute preference of Mr. and Mrs. Chen, they can be classified as stable investors. It is suggested to allocate its interest-bearing assets as follows: 654.38+00,000 yuan will continue to be deposited in the bank as a reserve fund, and the remaining 40% will be invested in stable RMB wealth management products and bonds. And 60% will be invested in venture capital such as equity funds and gold. The monthly balance of funds can also be invested in open-end funds on a regular basis. Through reasonable asset allocation, it is estimated that the comprehensive return on investment can reach about 10%, which can not only resist inflation, realize asset preservation and appreciation, but also accumulate the cost of raising children and my retirement pension. After selling the urban real estate fund and repaying various loans, there is a surplus of 270,000 yuan. It is suggested to use 65,438+million yuan to purchase RMB wealth management products for steady investment. The remaining 50%-60% of the funds can choose stock funds, closed-end funds and gold with good performance for certain venture capital investment. With the smooth progress of share reform, the investment value of the A-share market has begun to appear, and with the continuation of the expectation of RMB appreciation, the stock market has certain expectations, and equity funds are the best choice for indirect investment in the stock market. The choice of fund mainly depends on two directions, one is the strength of the fund company, and the other is the historical performance of the fund. In addition, you can choose a fund with stable performance for long-term fixed investment, dilute the investment cost and steadily improve the investment income.
At present, the discount rate of closed-end funds is huge and contains a lot of investment opportunities. Buying a closed-end fund is equivalent to buying a basket of stocks at an average price of 6-7 fold. However, investment in closed-end funds should focus on a relatively long period of time, and most closed-end funds still have a long maturity time, so the return of their value needs patience.
3. Choose appropriate insurance and strengthen risk protection.
The main purpose of buying insurance products should be to obtain protection, and the maximization of investment income should not be the main factor to consider. Therefore, according to Mr. Chen's family situation, we should first consider the health protection and accident protection of both parties to ensure that the mortgage, normal living expenses and future childcare expenses will not be affected by some accidents.
At present, apart from the basic old-age insurance and medical insurance, the Chen couple have no supplementary insurance. As the backbone of the family, both sides are blank in medical care and serious illness accident insurance. So consider major illness insurance and accident insurance. These two kinds of insurance cost less but have higher protection. Critical illness insurance should choose 10 to 200,000 yuan, and the amount of accident insurance can be determined according to "loan amount+10 basic living expenses". If there are other family burdens and responsibilities, such as child support and parental support, they should be adjusted accordingly. With the gradual easing of loan pressure and the gradual abundance of wealth management funds, universal life insurance can be properly insured for funds that will not be used in the short term. In addition to the security function, it can also achieve better financial management effects of investment and savings. Universal life insurance has a guarantee account and a unified investment account, and the payment method is flexible, which is suitable for policyholders with greater demand elasticity, lower risk tolerance and more insurance options. Most of the newly launched universal life insurance companies promise the lowest rate of return, and many insurance companies promise a 5-year rate of return of 2.5%.