Teach you to buy a house by hand.
Of course, you must also have the support of a sum of money. The amount of money determines all the important behaviors of buying a house. 200 thousand yuan, 500 thousand yuan, or 800 thousand yuan, millions of yuan, or even more, the different preparations of these funds directly affect the quality of the property you want to buy. And all the relevant knowledge about commercial housing must be done. For example, what is the width, depth, height and clear height of the house? What is the floor area ratio, building density and greening rate? And so on noun explanation, of course, more important is which rooms can be bought and which rooms can't be bought.
When you have a comprehensive understanding of these basic information, you can really enter the real estate army, so if you want to buy a good house in the future, it is essential to understand these basic knowledge.
Explanation of real estate terms: basic knowledge
1. Average price of real estate: it is the average price of real estate and represents the overall price level of a project. However, when buyers go to the sales office for consultation, they will often find that they can't buy a house marked with "average price". So what is the "average price"? According to the current market situation and cost accounting, the developer determines the selling price of the residential area for sale before the opening sale, that is, the average price of the project. When a real estate is put on the market, there is first an "average price", through which the price of each unit of each building can be calculated. It is an important standard to control the sales price of the whole building and the average price of the building. According to this average, it is the price difference coefficient determined according to the location, orientation and landscape of each building in the general plan. Multiply the suggested average price by the coefficient of each building to get the average selling price of this building.
2. Starting price of real estate: the unit price of a house with a bad relative position in the real estate. The starting price of the house may be only one set or one floor, so it is of little practical significance to the buyers, just a reference price.
3. Utilization ratio: The utilization ratio of net area in residential suites is the ratio of usable area to residential area, which is generally between 72% and 75% for high-rise towers and 78% to 80% for slab buildings.
4. Utilization rate: Utilization rate is the ratio of indoor building area to residential area, which is greater than utilization rate. Therefore, some developers often use the utility rate to attract buyers.
5. Building volume ratio: refers to the ratio of the total construction area within the planned construction land area of the project to the planned construction land area. Building density: that is, building coverage, which refers to the ratio of the sum of all basement areas within the scope of the project land to the planned construction land. Greening rate: refers to the proportion of the green area within the planned construction land area to the planned construction land area.
6. Housing property rights
Housing property right refers to the complete ownership of the house by the owner of the house, which mainly includes the right to possess, use, dispose of and benefit from the house. Simply put, it is to have the right to use the house, rent the house to get rental income, sell the house to get added value, and mortgage the house to banks or other organizations or individuals for financing or loans.
7. Stamp duty
Stamp duty is a tax levied on account books and vouchers in economic activities and economic exchanges.
1) Tax scope and taxpayers. Stamp duty is levied on various vouchers in real estate transactions.
2) Tax rate and tax calculation method. Stamp duty is levied on the real estate license at 0.5 ‰ of the contract amount. The calculation formula of tax payable is: tax payable = tax amount × applicable tax rate.
3) Tax payment place, time limit and payment method. Stamp duty shall be paid upon receipt of taxable vouchers, signing of contracts and receipt of property transfer vouchers.
8. Deed tax
Deed tax refers to a one-time tax levied on the property owner according to a certain proportion of the house price in the contract signed by the parties when the ownership of the house changes. It is a special tax levied on the change of real estate property rights.
Interpretation of real estate terms: low-rise, small high-rise, multi-storey, plate-type small high-rise and low-rise.
Low-rise buildings refer to buildings with a height of less than or equal to10m, generally with 1-3 floors, such as bungalows and villas. Low-rise buildings are generally simple in structure, short in construction period and low in construction cost, giving people a kind, peaceful and earthy feeling, and their comfort, convenience and spatial scale are superior to those of high-rise buildings. People especially like living here. Low-rise buildings occupy a lot of land, and the land utilization rate is low, especially in cities with scarce land.
Small high-rise: People generally refer to buildings with floors 8 to 12 and 13 as "small high-rise". Small high-rise residential buildings generally adopt reinforced concrete structures with elevators. Small high-rise buildings not only have the characteristics of multi-storey kindness and tranquility, good room type and high room rate, but also have the advantages of high strength, long service life, high landscape coefficient and low pollution of ordinary high-rise buildings, which are very popular among buyers. At the same time, it improves the utilization rate of land for small and high-rise buildings, and the land cost is relatively reduced, which is very popular among real estate developers. Therefore, in recent years, there are more and more small high-rise buildings in the central city.
Multi-storey: Multi-storey residence refers to buildings higher than 10 meters and lower than or equal to 24 meters. Multi-storey houses are generally 4-8 floors, generally adopting brick-concrete structure, and a few adopting reinforced concrete structure. Multi-storey houses generally have neat specifications (room type), good ventilation and lighting conditions, and compact space without shelter. Compared with high-rise buildings, multi-storey houses have less public area and higher housing acquisition rate, which is the main reason why many people like multi-storey houses.
Plate-type small high-rise: As a new type of residence, plate-type small high-rise has no clear definition at present. Generally speaking, residential buildings with 8 to 14 floors, slab structure and elevators are called slab small high-rise buildings. Jumping floor: duplex apartment is a two-story house with internal stairs connecting the upper and lower floors; Generally, the living room, kitchen, dining room and bathroom are arranged on the first floor. It is best to have a bedroom, and the bedroom, study and bathroom are all arranged on the second floor.
Duplex: Duplex residence is one story in concept, but the story height is higher than that of ordinary residence. You can partially take out the mezzanine, decorate the bedroom or study, and connect up and down with stairs. Its purpose is to improve the utilization rate of residential space.
Explanation of real estate terms: the interior construction area of a complete house consists of three parts: the usable area of the interior house, the interior wall area and the interior balcony construction area.
1, usable area in the suite (GB/T17986.1-2000b1.2): usable area in the suite is usable area in the suite, and the horizontal projection area is calculated according to the following regulations: a. usable area in the suite is bedroom, living room, hall and aisle. B the stairs in the suite are included in the usable area according to the total area of natural floors. C Internal chimneys, ventilation pipes and pipe wells not included in the structural area are included in the usable area. D the decorative thickness of the interior wall is included in the usable area.
2. Interior wall area (GB/T17986.1-2000b1.3): Interior wall area refers to the area occupied by maintenance or load-bearing walls or other load-bearing supports around the use space in the suite, including partition walls between suites, separation between suites and public building space, and external walls (including gables) The free walls in the suite are all included in the interior wall area according to the horizontal projection area.
3. Indoor balcony construction area (GB/T17986.1-2000b1.4): The indoor balcony construction area is calculated according to the horizontal projection area between the balcony periphery and the external wall of the house. The closed balcony is calculated according to the horizontal projection, and the unsealed balcony is calculated according to half of the horizontal projection.
Attachment: * * * building area of the house (GB/T17986.1-2000b1.4): The * * * building area of the house refers to the building area jointly owned or used by all property owners. * * * Contents with building area include: elevator shaft, pipeline shaft, stairwell, garbage chute, power distribution room, equipment room, public hall, aisle, basement, guard room on duty, etc. , as well as the construction area of public buildings and management buildings serving the whole building, are calculated according to the horizontal projection area. * * * The building area also includes the partition wall between the suite and the public building space, and half of the horizontal projection area of the external wall (including gables). Basements for independent use, carports, garages, guard rooms of multiple buildings, management rooms and basements for civil air defense projects are not included in the construction area of * * *.
Explanation of real estate terms: the building area, also known as the building development area, refers to the sum of the plane areas of each floor measured by the external wall line of residential buildings. It is an economic indicator of building size. Including usable area, auxiliary area and structural area. Because the construction area is the settlement data for calculating the price of commercial housing, it is very important for buyers to understand the calculation method of construction area.
In residential buildings, the scope and method of calculating the construction area are:
(1) A single-story building, regardless of its height, is calculated as one floor, and its construction area is calculated as the horizontal area above the external wall of the building. Part of the floors (such as the attic) of the single-storey residential building area should also be calculated.
(2) The construction area of multi-storey or high-rise residential buildings is calculated according to the sum of the construction areas of each floor, the bottom floor is calculated according to the horizontal area above the external wall of the building, and the second floor is calculated according to the horizontal area above the external wall.
(3) The construction area of the basement, semi-basement and corresponding entrances and exits shall be calculated according to the horizontal area of the periphery of the upper external wall (excluding the light well, damp-proof layer and its protective wall).
(4) Using deep foundation as underground overhead layer. 2.2 meters high, the construction area is calculated by half of the horizontal area outside the overhead floor.
(5) The passage through the building, regardless of the height of the hall in the building, the construction area is calculated as one floor. The hall corridor is calculated according to its horizontal projection area.
(6) The construction area of elevator shaft, elevator shaft, garbage chute, pipeline shaft and chimney with wall shall be calculated according to the natural floor of the building.
(7) If the height of the technical floor (used for placing all kinds of equipment and maintenance) in residential buildings exceeds 2.2 meters, the construction area shall be calculated according to the horizontal area outside the technical floor.
(8) The construction area of the independent column awning shall be calculated according to half of the horizontal projection area of the top cover; Multi-column awning, the construction area is calculated according to the peripheral horizontal area.
(9) Staircase, water tank room, elevator machine room, etc. There is a prominent display of the retaining structure, and the construction area is calculated according to the horizontal area around the retaining structure.
(10) For an overhead corridor with a roof between two buildings, the construction area shall be calculated according to the projected area of the corridor. The construction area of overhead corridor without roof is calculated as half of its projected area.
(1 1) The door that protrudes from the wall and overlooks the room, and the construction area is calculated according to the horizontal area of the periphery of the enclosure structure.
(12) The construction area of enclosed balconies and corridors is calculated according to the horizontal projection area of the periphery. The construction area of concave balcony is calculated according to half of its net balcony area (including balcony railings). Balcony is calculated according to half of its horizontal projection area. (13) If there are no stairs in the residential building and there are outdoor stairs (including evacuation stairs), the construction area of the outdoor stairs shall be calculated according to the horizontal projection area of each floor; If there are stairs in the building and there are outdoor stairs (including evacuation stairs), the outdoor stairs shall be calculated according to half of the horizontal projection area of each floor.
In addition, in residential buildings, the scope of not calculating the construction area is:
(1) Components, fittings, artistic decorations and hanging (wall) boards protruding from the wall, such as columns, cribs, footstools, etc.
(2) Ladders for outdoor maintenance and fire fighting, steel ladders with a width less than 60 cm.
(3) Chimneys, flues, water storage tanks and other structures that are not independently attached to the external wall.
(4) There is no enclosure structure between roof water tanks.
(5) Technical layer (equipment layer) with a height less than 2.2m ..
(6) Single-storey houses separate single-storey rooms such as operation room, control room and instrument room.
(7) Deep foundation underground overhead floor with a height less than 2.2m, and scaffold space for sloping buildings.
As can be seen from the above, the calculation of residential building area is more complicated, not only with many regulations, but also with strong professionalism and technology. When buying a house, if consumers don't understand this, or have doubts about the calculation results, they can consult professionals, or ask special measuring institutions to re-measure and calculate according to the above standards.
Explanation of real estate terms: what are the structural forms of housing? What are the forms of residential structure? Residential structure refers to the load-bearing skeleton (such as beams and columns, load-bearing walls, etc.). ). Its function is to ensure that all kinds of loads or forces acting on the house can be reliably borne during the service life of the house, and at the same time, all forces can be reliably transmitted to the foundation under the condition of ensuring the strength, rigidity and durability of the house.
Due to the various forms of residential buildings, the room size, width and combination mode are different, and the corresponding structures are also different. The structural form of commercial housing is mainly divided by the materials used in its load-bearing structure.
Generally can be divided into brick-concrete structure, brick-wood structure and reinforced concrete structure:
(1) Brick-concrete structure Brick-concrete structure refers to that the walls and pilasters of vertical load-bearing structures in buildings are built with bricks or blocks, and the columns, beams, floors, roof panels and trusses are built with reinforced concrete structures. Generally speaking, brick-concrete structure refers to the structure of a small number of reinforced concrete and most brick walls, also known as reinforced concrete mixed structure. Because the main load-bearing structure of brick-concrete structure is clay brick, the shape and strength of brick determine the strength of the house. It can be said that the more regular the shape of brick, the higher the strength of mortar, the thinner and more uniform the mortar joint, the higher the strength of masonry and the longer the service life of the house.
The advantages of brick-concrete structure are as follows: ① Because brick is the smallest standardized component, it has low requirements for construction site and construction technology, and can be built into walls of various shapes and can be produced everywhere. ② It has good durability, chemical stability and atmospheric stability. (3) cement, steel and wood can be saved, and the template is not needed, so the cost is low. ④ The construction technology and equipment are simple. ⑤ Brick is superior to concrete and other wall materials in sound insulation and heat preservation, so it is widely used in residential construction.
(2) Brick-wood structure residence Brick-wood structure residence refers to a house in which the walls and columns of the load-bearing structure in the building are built with brick masonry or block masonry, and the floor structure and roof truss are built with wood structure. Houses with this structure are very common in small and medium-sized cities in China. It has the advantages of convenient space separation, light weight, simple construction technology and single material. However, the short service life, incomplete facilities, large floor space and small building area are not conducive to solving the contradiction between urban population and small land.
(3) Reinforced concrete structure residence Reinforced concrete structure residence refers to the main load-bearing structure of houses, such as houses with columns, beams, slabs, stairs, reinforced concrete roofs and bricks or other materials. This structure has the advantages of good seismic performance, strong integrity, strong corrosion resistance and fire resistance, and durability. Moreover, the width and depth of the room are relatively large, the indoor activity space is also increased accordingly, and the indoor space is separated more freely.
Explanation of real estate terms: finishes and floors in China. When choosing the living room of residential commercial housing, facing south is the best.
Sitting in a house facing south has always been the best living habit in the northern region, which has caused consumers' demand psychology of "buying a house in the southeast if they have money". So houses facing southeast sell better than houses facing other directions. Because the living room faces south, there is no cold wind whistling in winter and cool wind blowing in summer. The order of other directions is roughly southeast, east, southwest, north and west. Secondly, consumers should choose the orientation of the bedroom. A suite, usually with two or three bedrooms, will not face exactly the same direction. And in most cases, there are good and bad. Consumers should judge whether the main bedroom is oriented well or most bedrooms are oriented well. The bedroom also faces south, but it is best not to rely on the outer wall. Because in summer, the south bedroom is cooler, but more sunlight enters the room than the north bedroom. If the outer wall faces west, the indoor temperature will definitely be higher. Bedroom orientation can be southeast, east and northeast, and it is best not to choose a bedroom facing west. There aren't many bedrooms facing north, so one is enough, because the cold wind blows in the north bedroom in winter, but the rooms facing north are very cool in summer. The orientation of the kitchen and bathroom is relatively unimportant. As long as the bathroom can be directly lit and ventilated. Because its use is intermittent and short-term, it is best to avoid choosing a bathroom facing west.
In the hot area in the south, besides the good ventilation of single rooms, it also depends on whether the organization between rooms is conducive to the straight-line flow of wind and whether it can form a "through flow" in summer. The specific method is to see whether the doors and windows of each room are in the same direction. If the spacing between buildings is too small, the ground floor will be blocked by the buildings above, and there will be no sunshine all year round. In the best case, the ground floor rooms in the north can also receive sunlight in winter. Because the kitchen itself will produce a lot of oil smoke, therefore, its indoor air should be exchanged with the outside world frequently. Due to the large amount of oil fume produced in the kitchen, the formation time is short, and natural ventilation is difficult to discharge in a short time, so the same ventilator or exhaust fan is generally used for exhaust. Generally speaking, it is necessary to prevent the oil fume from "flowing backwards" or entering other rooms due to poor orientation and excessive outdoor wind pressure. So don't choose the true north direction in the kitchen. Generally speaking, sunlight can penetrate for 2 ~ 3 hours a day, which is beneficial to eliminate indoor moisture, kill bacteria, adjust indoor temperature and accelerate air flow. For the orientation of the living room and bedroom, it is best to accept direct light, preferably facing south or south. For the kitchen, it is advisable to avoid the direction facing west, because there is already a heat source in the kitchen, and the temperature will be higher if the sun shines directly. The bathroom should also be able to receive some sunlight. Because the bathroom is dark and humid, sunshine can avoid the breeding of germs. In a living room, it is best to have two balconies, one of which must face the sun, so that there is enough sunshine to bask in and rest. Nowadays, most commercial houses have one staircase and two halls. One staircase for two households, one set for ventilation and lighting in only two directions. Moreover, the orientation of this kind of building is mostly north-south, so about half of the rooms face north. When consumers choose, it depends on whether the designer puts the less important rooms in the north direction. For point, one staircase and two households, at least three rooms in a suite are empty, so the orientation of their rooms should be satisfactory. Three households have one ladder, and four households have one ladder. Because of the large number of sets, it is necessary to leave a relatively good main orientation for each household, so it is difficult to achieve perfection in one household orientation, and sometimes there will be orientations with great defects.
Low-rise buildings are usually one or two floors. Multi-storey buildings are usually three to seven floors.
High-rise buildings are usually eight to thirty stories.
Super-high-rise buildings are generally more than thirty stories. So this provides a possible and broad world for the choice of building floors. Most consumers generally don't ask about the specific details of moisture-proof design when choosing the bottom floor, but it is too wrong not to observe the humidity of the house when it rains continuously. Another feature of the subfloor is that the sewer pipe is easily blocked. Therefore, when consumers choose the bottom floor, they must look at whether the drainage pipes and systems have undergone special treatment. Whether the bottom drainage system is separated and independent. If the toilet pipes and sewer pipes at the bottom do not accept the drainage of the upper floors and form their own systems, then the first floor will not be blocked because of the abnormal use of the residents above. If the pipeline at the bottom is connected to the upper floors, consumers will see if the pipeline at the first floor becomes thicker and bigger. The ground floor is the easiest to accept the influence of the ground environment. If the plants on the ground are lush and the scenery is beautiful, the residents at the bottom are of course "close to the water and get the moon first". Nature has both good and bad sides. If the sewer pipes around the ground floor and septic tank are not handled properly, it will often cause stinking and mosquitoes and flies breed. These floors are naturally the first to suffer, so consumers should never forget to look outside when they finish looking inside the floor. See if the sewers and ditches are unobstructed, and see if the septic tank mouth is far from your home. Is the drainage system on the ground perfect and is there any possibility of water accumulation? Whether there is a dead zone, etc. When consumers choose the bottom floor, they must examine these problems, otherwise it will be too late to move in and regret. Some families choose the ground floor because there are elderly people at home, which can avoid the pain of going upstairs and downstairs. However, buying a house is not winter, and it is only in winter that I know that the house can't see the sun for a day. Isn't it miserable that the house where the old man lives has no sunshine? You need to consult relevant technicians in advance.
Teach you to buy a house by hand (choose a house) Through comprehensive calculation and analysis of your own consumption demand (purchasing power, location of the property you want to buy, supporting facilities of the community, environment, property management, total price, area, etc.), initially determine a housing purchase framework suitable for your actual needs, and then select and compare several alternative projects in combination with various real estate information collected.
You can choose a house through the following points:
1. Choose a house online-you can search for the house you need most by price, area and other conditions from the real estate professional website SouFun.
2. Expert advice or friend recommendation-the opinions of expert friends must not be ignored, and they will definitely tell you the ways and means from their own experiences.
3. On-the-spot investigation-Only on-the-spot investigation can we know whether the transportation of this building is convenient, whether the surrounding facilities are perfect, whether the scale of the community is large or small, and so on.